Wake waba nayo egazini lakho? Uke wezwa ngama -triglyceride ? Mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ngawo, noma uke wabona leli gama embikweni wephrofayili ye-lipid. Nakuba abantu abaningi bazi nge-cholesterol, abawaqondi ngempela ama-triglyceride. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngendlela elula neyobungane ngokuthi ayini ama-triglyceride, ukuthi kungani ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu, nokuthi kwenzekani uma ekhuphuka.

Ayini ama-triglyceride?

Kalula nje, ama-triglyceride awuhlobo lwamafutha oluvela ekudleni esikudlayo. Ama-Triglyceride atholakala kakhulu ekudleni okufana nebhotela namafutha. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa ama-calories engeziwe ekudleni esikudlayo, okungukuthi, ama-calories umzimba wethu owadla ngaphezu kwalokho okudingayo ngaleso sikhathi, izinto ezifana notshwala noshukela, nawo aphenduka ama-triglycerides emizimbeni yethu.

Cabanga ngakho njengeshelufu ekhishini lethu. Uma siletha ukudla esitolo, sikubeka emashalofini ukuze sikusebenzise kamuva, akunjalo? Yileyo ndlela imizimba yethu egcina ngayo la ma-triglyceride kumaseli amafutha, ukuze siwasebenzise kamuva lapho sidinga amandla. Lokho kusho ukuthi, ama-triglyceride angumthombo obalulekile wamandla emizimbeni yethu.

Kodwa-ke, inkinga iwukuthi uma la mazinga e-triglyceride eba phezulu kakhulu. Uma lokho kwenzeka, okungukuthi, uma ufinyelela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypertriglyceridemia , usengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo kanye nezifo zemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimo ezingathi sína kakhulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi. E-United States kuphela, cishe abantu abangama-25% kuthiwa banamazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride. Lesi simo manje sesivame kakhulu naseSri Lanka.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwama-triglycerides ne-cholesterol?

Abantu abaningi badidanisa ama-triglyceride kanye ne-cholesterol. Nakuba kokubili kungokweqembu lamafutha abizwa ngokuthi ama-lipid, kunomehluko phakathi kwalawa amabili.

• Ama-triglyceride empeleni angamafutha. Asiza kakhulu ekugcineni amandla.
• I-cholesterol ayiwona amafutha. Iyinto efana ne-wax ekhiqizwa yisibindi sethu. I-cholesterol ibalulekile ekwakheni izindonga zamaseli, isize uhlelo lwezinzwa lusebenze, igaye ukudla, futhi ikhiqize ama-hormone.

Kalula nje, ama-triglyceride asinika amandla, kuyilapho i-cholesterol isiza ekwakheni izingxenye nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene emizimbeni yethu.

Ama-triglycerides ajikeleza kanjani egazini?

I-cholesterol ayikwazi ukuxubana negazi ngokwayo noma incibilike kulo. Ngakho-ke, isibindi sethu sihlanganisa i-cholesterol nama-triglycerides kanye nohlobo lweprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi ama-lipoprotein. Lawa ma-lipoprotein yiwo athwala le ngxube yamafutha emzimbeni wonke ukuya lapho idingeka khona.

Lawa ma-lipoprotein ( Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-lipoprotein :

• Ama-lipoprotein aphansi kakhulu (ama-VLDL): Lawa athwala kakhulu ama-triglycerides esuka esibindini aye kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• Ama-lipoprotein aphezulu (ama-HDL): Lawa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi “i-cholesterol enhle.” Athwala i-cholesterol eningi ayibuyisele esibindini.
• Ama-lipoprotein aphansi (ama-LDL): Lawa yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi " i-cholesterol embi ." Uma lawa ephezulu, i-cholesterol inganqwabelana emithanjeni bese iyivala.

Ngakho-ke, uma sibheka amazinga e-triglyceride, sinaka konke: i-VLDL, i-HDL, kanye ne-LDL.

Amazinga e-Triglycerides: Ayini amanani ajwayelekile naphezulu?

Udokotela wakho uzohlukanisa amazinga akho e-triglyceride kanje (lezi zindinganiso zingabantu abadala):

• Izinga elijwayelekile: Ngaphansi kuka-150 mg/dL (ama-milligram nge-deciliter ngayinye).
• Izinga eliphakeme kancane (M ILD ): 150-199 mg/dL.
• Okulingene: 200-499 mg/dL.
• Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu (Elibi kakhulu): elingaphezu kuka-500 mg/dL.

Izinga elijwayelekile le-triglyceride kubantu abasha abaneminyaka ephakathi kweyi-10 neyi-19 kufanele libe ngaphansi kuka-90 mg/dL.

Izinga lakho le-cholesterol libalwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-triglycerides akho, i-HDL, kanye ne-LDL. Uma amazinga akho e-triglycerides kanye ne-LDL cholesterol ephezulu kanti amazinga akho e-HDL cholesterol aphansi, usengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Khumbula, la manani afundwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuzila ukudla cishe amahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-12 ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ingabe zikhona izimpawu lapho ama-triglycerides enyuka?

Lena yinto eyingozi kakhulu.Njenge-cholesterol ephezulu, ama-triglyceride aphezulu avame ukubangela izimpawu. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlolwa kwegazi lamafutha njalo njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho futhi uhlale unolwazi ngamazinga akho e-cholesterol kanye ne-triglyceride. Uma ulinda kuze kuvele izimpawu, kungase kube sekwephuzile.

Kodwa-ke, uma amazinga e-triglyceride eba phezulu kakhulu (isibonelo, ngaphezu kuka-1000 mg/dL), abanye abantu bangase babe namafutha aphuzi (ama-xanthomas) esikhumbeni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile.

Yiziphi izinkinga ze-triglycerides ephezulu?

Amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride angabangela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene empilweni yakho.

• I-Pancreatitis: Lena inkinga ebucayi kakhulu futhi eyingozi kakhulu. I-pancreas iyisitho esibalulekile esisisiza ukugaya ukudla. Uma amazinga e-triglyceride eba phezulu kakhulu, i-pancreas ingavuvukala futhi ibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu. Lesi simo singaba yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
• Izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi:
• Isifo semithambo ye-carotid: Ukuvaleka komthambo oyinhloko entanyeni.
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD) kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• I-Metabolic syndrome: Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala ngokweqile. Ama-triglycerides aphezulu nawo ayingxenye yalokhu.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi engaphandle (i-PAD): Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezithweni.
• Isifo sohlangothi: Ukuvaleka noma ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi ebuchosheni.

Ngakho-ke, cishe usuyaqonda manje ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukulawula amazinga akho e-triglyceride.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-triglycerides ephezulu?

Kunezizathu ezahlukahlukene zokuthi amazinga e-triglyceride angakhuphuka. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile: Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kungenye yezimbangela eziyinhloko.
• Isifo Sikashukela Esingalawulwa: Amazinga e-triglyceride anganda kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi uma amazinga kashukela egazini engalawulwa.
• Ukudla okunoshukela omningi, amafutha agcwele, nama-carbohydrate alula: Ukudla izinto eziningi kakhulu njengokudla okunoshukela, iziphuzo, ukudla okunamafutha kanye nofulawa.
• Isifo sesibindi.
• Isifo sezinso.
• Imithi ethile: Isibonelo, imithi yokukhipha isisu, ama-hormone athile, ama-corticosteroids, ama-beta-blockers, kanye neminye imithi ye-HIV.
• Inkomba Yobunzima Bomzimba (BMI) engaphezu kuka-25:Lokho kusho ukuthi ukhuluphele kakhulu ngobude bakho.
• Izifo zokuvuvukala: Isibonelo, isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Ukubhema.
• Isifo se-thyroid: Ikakhulukazi uma i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kahle (i-Hypothyroidism).
• Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi ngaphandle kokuzilolonga.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokwanda kwama-triglycerides egazini?

Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride kunabanye. Lezi zici eziyingozi zifaka:

• Umlando womndeni we-cholesterol ephezulu noma ama-triglyceride aphezulu.
• Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini: Amazinga e-triglyceride anganda kwabesifazane ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
• Ukukhulelwa: Amazinga e-triglyceride akhuphuka kancane ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
• Ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
• Izinkinga ze-lipid metabolism ezizuzwe njengefa.
• Imvelaphi yaseNingizimu Asia: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abantu abavela esifundeni sethu nabo basengozini enkulu.

Kufanele kuhlolwe kangaki ama-triglyceride?

Ingozi yamazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride iyanda njengoba ukhula, ngakho udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa njalo njengoba ingozi yakho ikhula.

Banjani abantu abadala?

• Ngokuvamile, abantu abadala abaseminyakeni yabo yama-20, yama-30, kanye nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-40 bayanconywa ukuthi bahlolwe i-cholesterol kanye ne-triglycerides njalo eminyakeni emi-4 kuya kwengu-6.
• Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sikashukela, umlando womndeni we-cholesterol ephezulu noma isifo senhliziyo, noma ezinye izinto ezibangela isifo senhliziyo, kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe kaningi.
• Kungumqondo omuhle ukuthi amadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engu-45 ahlolwe kanye ngonyaka.
• Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukuthi abesifazane abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-55 ubudala bahlolwe kanye ngonyaka.

Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo, noma uma uphuza imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol noma i-triglycerides, udokotela wakho noma udokotela wenhliziyo uzohlola amazinga akho e-triglyceride kaningi.

Ingabe izingane ezincane nazo ziyakudinga lokhu kuhlolwa?

Yebo, ngisho nezingane ezincane zingadinga ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol kanye ne-triglyceride. Odokotela bavame ukuhlola la mazinga ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-9 no-11, futhi lapho zifika ebusheni (ezineminyaka ephakathi kuka-17 no-21).

Futhi, uma othile emndenini wengane eye waba nezimo ezifana ne-cholesterol ephezulu, isifo senhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi, udokotela angase ancome lezi zivivinyo eseneminyaka emibili ubudala.

Ungakuvimbela futhi wehlise kanjani ama-triglycerides aphezulu?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ungawehlisa amazinga akho e-triglyceride ngokwenza izinguquko ezithile ekudleni kwakho nasendleleni yakho yokuphila. Zama lezi zinto ukuze ugcine amazinga akho e-triglyceride kanye ne-cholesterol ephelele emazingeni anempilo:

• Zivocavoce ngokomzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 nsuku zonke. Yenza into oyithandayo, njengokuhamba ngezinyawo, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili, noma ukubhukuda.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo. Nciphisa amafutha angenampilo noshukela olula (ama-carbohydrate), bese udla ukudla okune-fiber eningi. Faka imifino, izithelo, ubhontshisi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, nenhlanzi ekudleni kwakho.
• Lawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nesifo sikashukela. Uma unalezi zimo, zilawule kahle ngokweseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Nciphisa ukuphuza utshwala. Nciphisa utshwala ngangokunokwenzeka, noma uyeke ngokuphelele.
• Lala ngokwanele. Lala okungenani amahora angu-7-8 ngosuku.
• Yehlisa isisindo (uma kudingeka) futhi ugcine isisindo sakho siphilile.
• Lawula ukucindezeleka. Izinto ezifana ne-yoga nokuzindla zingasiza.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi. Uma ubhema, cela usizo lokuyeka.

Aphathwa kanjani amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride?

Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zingalawuli amazinga e-triglyceride, noma uma usengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi yokwehlisa ama-triglyceride akho. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol efana nama-statin. Eminye imithi, njenge-fibrates, i-niacin, kanye nama-omega-3 fatty acids, ngezinye izikhathi iyasetshenziswa.

Khumbula into ebaluleke kakhulu!

Amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride andisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo kanye ne-pancreatitis. Ukudla amakhalori amaningi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukudla okunoshukela namafutha amaningi, kuyimbangela enkulu yamazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride.

Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ungathatha izinyathelo zokwehlisa amazinga akho e-triglyceride. Udokotela wakho angakuqondisa endleleni yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo. Uma kudingeka, ungathola nosizo emithini. Ngakho-ke, nakekela amazinga akho e-triglyceride, uthole ukuhlolwa njalo, bese ulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Kuzokusiza ukuthi uphile impilo enempilo!

'Ama-triglycerides, i-cholesterol, isifo senhliziyo, amafutha, ukudla okunempilo, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukuhlolwa kwegazi