Le ndaba imayelana nomphathi omkhulu kunabo bonke engqondweni yakho: ubuchopho!

Ubuwazi ukuthi ubuchopho obungaphakathi kwekhanda lakho buyisitho esimangalisayo? Bufana ne-supercomputer. Ngakho-ke, ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu nenkulu yale supercomputer yi -cerebrum, noma lokho esikubiza ngokuthi `(Cerebrum)`. Lo buchopho buhilelekile cishe kukho konke okucabangayo nokwenzayo. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngalesi sitho esimangalisayo ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Iyini le ngqondo enkulu (i-Cerebrum)? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, ingxenye enkulu yobuchopho bakho yi-cerebrum. Itholakala ngaphambili naphezulu kwekhanda lakho. Leli gama livela egameni lesiLatini elisho "ubuchopho."

Kusukela ngesikhathi uvuka ekuseni kuze kube yilapho ulala ebusuku, konke okwenzayo, konke okucabangayo nokuzizwayo, konke lokhu kungaphansi kokulawulwa kobuchopho obukhulu `(i-Cerebrum). Eqinisweni, yilobuchopho obusenza sibe "yithi", yilobuchopho obusisiza ukubhekana naleli zwe. Ososayensi bebelokhu becwaninga ngalobuchopho iminyaka eminingi. Bathi kusekuningi okusamele kutholakale. Kodwa, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nentuthuko kwesayensi yezokwelapha, sifunda izinto ezintsha ngakho nsuku zonke.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-cerebrum ne-cerebellum?

Manje ungase ucabange, "Ingabe zikhona ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho?" Yebo, enye ingxenye ebalulekile ibizwa ngokuthi i -cerebellum .

• Ubuchopho: Lena yingxenye enkulu yobuchopho. Itholakala ngaphezu naphambi kwe-cerebellum. Ilawula izenzo zethu eziqondayo kanye nezinqubo zethu zengqondo .
• I-Cerebellum: Lena yingxenye encane, etholakala ngemuva kwekhanda, phansi. Ishintshana ngezibonakaliso nezinye izingxenye zobuchopho kanye nomzimba wonke futhi ilawula ibhalansi yomzimba kanye nokunyakaza okuhle. Cabanga ngezinto ezifana nokuthi uhamba noma ugijima nini.

Kalula nje, uma ucabanga ngokwenza okuthile, umqondo uvela ebuchosheni. I-cerebellum ikusiza ukuthi ukwenze kahle futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza.

Uyini umsebenzi wobuchopho?

Cabanga ngakho njengehhovisi elikhulu lomzimba wakho. Yilapho wenza khona izinqumo ezibalulekile futhi ulawula umsebenzi wakho. Bheka ukuthi wenzani:

• Ukulawulwa kwezinzwa zakho ezinhlanu: lokho okubonayo (okukubonayo), lokho okuzwayo (okukuzwayo), lokho okuhogelayo ( okunukayo ), lokho okunambithayo (okunambithayo), kanye nalokho okuzwayo esikhumbeni sakho (ukuthinta) konke kulawulwa yi-cerebrum.
• Ulimi: Ungafunda, ubhale, futhi ukhulume ngenxa yezingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho.
• Inkumbulo esebenzayo: Lena inkumbulo yesikhashana. Isibonelo, uma ucabanga ukuya esitolo uyothenga izinto ezithile, yilokhu okukusiza ukukhumbula izinto ezinjalo.
• Ukuziphatha Nobuntu: Ingxenye engaphambili yobuchopho, i-frontal lobe, ilawula ubuntu bakho nokuziphatha kwakho. Isebenza njengesihlungi, ikusize ukuthi uzivimbele ekukhulumeni noma ekwenzeni izinto ongase uzisole ngazo kamuva.
• Ukunyakaza: Uma ufuna ukuhambisa ingalo noma umlenze, izimpawu ezidingekayo zithunyelwa emisipheni evela ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho.
• Ukufunda, ukucabanga, nokuxazulula izinkinga : Uma ufunda okuthile okusha, wenza uhlelo, noma uzama ukuxazulula inkinga, izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho zisebenza ndawonye.

I-cerebrum isebenza kanjani nezinye izitho zomzimba?

I-cerebrum ayisebenzi yodwa. Isebenza nezinye izingxenye zobuchopho, ikakhulukazi i-cerebellum, ukuze imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ibe lula.

Cabanga uzama ukuthatha ipeni elisetafuleni. I-cerebrum ithumela isignali emisipheni esesandleni sakho ukuze ithathe ipeni. Kodwa i-cerebellum isiza isandla sakho ukuba siqonde ngqo epeni futhi siyibambe ngokunembile, ngaphandle kokuhambahamba. Lezo zinyathelo zilawulwa kahle yi-cerebellum.

Futhi, i-cerebrum iyisisekelo sezinto ezifana nokucabanga kwakho okunengqondo, ukuhlela, ukunquma ukuzivocavoca, ukukhetha ukuthi uzodlani, kanye nokwenza i-aphoyintimenti yokubonana nodokotela. Ngakho-ke, i-cerebrum ibaluleke kakhulu empilweni nasenhlalakahleni yomzimba wakho wonke.

Amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo obungawazi nge-cerebrum!

• Ukumelwa okuphambene: Lokhu kuyinto exakile kakhulu. Uma wenza okuthile ngohlangothi olulodwa lomzimba wakho, kulawulwa ngolunye uhlangothi lobuchopho bakho. Isibonelo, uma umuntu enesifo sohlangothi ohlangothini lwesobunxele lobuchopho bakhe, imiphumela izwakala ohlangothini lwesokudla lomzimba wakhe.
• Ubuchopho bakho buyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ubuchopho bakho bungakwazi "ukuhlela kabusha," okusho ushintsho ngokwalo. Leli khono liwusizo lapho ufunda izinto ezintsha noma ululama ekulimaleni kobuchopho.
• Kunezindawo ezithile zobuchopho : izingxenye ezahlukene zobuchopho zinomthwalo wemfanelo wamakhono namathalente ahlukene. Kodwa-ke, umqondo wokuthi abanye abantu "banobuchopho besobunxele" noma "banobuchopho besokudla" uyinganekwane futhi awukafakazelwa ngokwesayensi.

Ikuphi i-cerebrum? Ibukeka kanjani?

Ubuchopho butholakala ngaphakathi kogebhezi lwakho, phezulu nangaphambili kwekhanda lakho. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, lena yingxenye enkulu yobuchopho.

Uma ubheka ngaphandle, ubuso be-cerebrum, noma i-cerebral cortex, bubushelelezi kakhulu, kodwa bunemibimbi eminingi. Bubukeka njenge-walnut ekhishwe igobolondo. Buhlukaniswe ngobude baba yizingxenye ezimbili - ingxenye yesobunxele kanye nengxenye yesokudla. Kukhona umsele ojulile phakathi kwalezi zingxenye ezimbili. Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zixhunywe yinqwaba yezicubu zemizwa ezibizwa ngokuthi i-corpus callosum. Yilapho izimpawu zithunyelwa khona kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lobuchopho ziye kolunye.

Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko (ama-lobes) e-cerebrum?

Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu "ze-lobes" eziyinhloko kuzo zombili izingxenye zobuchopho bakho, ngayinye inomsebenzi wayo othize.

• I-lobe yangaphambili: Lokhu kutholakala ngaphambili kwekhanda. Kulawula ukunaka, ukulawula ukuziphatha (okungukuthi, ukuqonda okufanele nokungafanele), inkulumo , kanye nokunyakaza kwemisipha ethile.
• I-parietal lobe: Lokhu kutholakala phezulu ekhanda. Kulawula imizwa efana nokuthinta, izinga lokushisa, nobuhlungu. Kukusiza futhi ukubona umhlaba okuzungezile, wahlulele ibanga, nosayizi wezinto. Kuhilelekile nasezintweni ezifana nokucubungula umsindo, izilimi ozikhulumayo, izinombolo nokubala, ukuhlela ulwazi, nokwenza izinqumo.
• I-temporal lobe: Lokhu kutholakala ezinhlangothini zekhanda. Kusisiza siqonde ulimi lapho abanye bekhuluma. Kusisiza futhi ukuba sibone abantu nezinto. Kusisiza futhi sixhumanise imizwa nezinkumbulo.
• I-Insular lobe: Lokhu kutholakala ekujuleni kobuchopho, ngaphansi kwe-frontal lobes, parietal, kanye ne-occipital lobes. Kulawula umuzwa wokunambitha. Kucatshangwa futhi ukuthi kusiza ukucubungula eminye imizwa, njengozwela kanye nokuzwela.
• I-Occipital lobe: Lokhu kutholakala ngemuva kwekhanda. Kulawula iningi lemizwa oyithola emehlweni akho, njengokubona ukunyakaza nokubona imibala.

Ezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekile eziningana

Ngaphezu kwalezi zingxenye, i-cerebrum inezinye izakhiwo eziningana ezenza imisebenzi ekhethekile kakhulu:

• I-cerebral cortex: Lolu ungqimba oluncane lwezicubu zezinzwa ebusweni be-cerebrum, njengegxolo lesihlahla.
• I-Thalamus: Lokhu kufana "nesikhungo sesignali" ebuchosheni. Ihlunga ulwazi oluvela ezinzwa zakho (ngaphandle kwephunga) bese iluthumela ezingxenyeni ezifanele zobuchopho. Umuzwa wokuhogela uya ngqo ebuchosheni, hhayi nge-thalamus.
• I-Hypothalamus:Itholakala ngaphansi kwe-thalamus. Ilawula ukusebenza kwesimiso sakho sezinzwa kanye nesistimu ye-endocrine. Zombili lezi zinhlelo zisiza ukulawula ezinye izinhlelo kanye nezinqubo emzimbeni. Isibonelo, i-hypothalamus isiza ukulawula izinto ezifana nokushisa komzimba wakho, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, kanye nomfutho wegazi.
• I-Hippocampus: Lesi sakhiwo sitholakala ngaphakathi kwe-lobe yesikhashana. Sisiza ekuphatheni izinkumbulo, sizigcine ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zobuchopho, futhi sizikhumbule uma uzidinga.

Kungani ubuchopho bunezingxenye eziningi kangaka? Kungani eminye imisebenzi ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana?

Ungase uzibuze, "Kungani lolu lwazi olufanayo lucutshungulwa yizingxenye eziningi zobuchopho?" Isizathu ukuthi lolu lwazi luxhumene ngezindlela eziningi.

Cabanga nje, uhamba emgwaqweni bese ubona i-cobra enkulu ngokuzumayo. Ingakanani imininingwane ubuchopho bakho obunayo okufanele buyicubungule ngaleso sikhathi, futhi yini okufanele uyenze ukuze ubalekele leso silwane?

• Umbono: Amehlo akho abona inyoka. Ubuchopho buqala ngokuthatha lolo lwazi bese buqala ukuluthumela kwezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubona izinto njengokuthi isilwane sikude kangakanani, ukuthi siyahamba yini, nokuthi siza ngesivinini esingakanani.
• Ukuzwa: Uzwa umsindo we-cobra ukhala, noma omunye umsindo.
• Inkumbulo: Ubuchopho bakho buqala ukuqhathanisa lokho okubonayo nento oyibonile ngaphambili, noma into efana nayo. Isibonelo, uma ungakaze uyibone i-cobra, kodwa uke wabona inyoka, uyakhumbula lokho okuhlangenwe nakho. Futhi uyazi ukuthi iyisilwane esiyingozi. Ubuchopho bakho bugcina lokho okubonayo okwamanje, ngethemba lokuthi ulwazi luzoba usizo esikhathini esizayo.
• Ulimi: Le ngxenye yobuchopho ikusiza ukuthi uqambe igama lalokho okubonayo, ikakhulukazi uma umemeza labo abakuzungezile uthi, "Leyo yi-cobra!"
• Ukwenza izinqumo nokwahlulela: Unquma ukuthi akukuhle ukuba eduze kwe-cobra, ngakho-ke udinga ukuyibalekela.
• Ukunyakaza: Ubuchopho bakho buthumela izimpawu emisipheni yemilenze yakho, bukutshela ukuthi ubalekele endaweni ephephile.

Uyabona, zingaki izingxenye zobuchopho ezisebenzisana ndawonye ngesenzakalo esisodwa!

Ingakanani i-cerebrum? Isisindo sayo singakanani? Yenziwe ngani?

Ubuchopho obujwayelekile bomuntu omdala buphindwe kathathu kuya kane kunobebhola. Ngakho-ke, cishe u-80% wobuchopho bonke busebuchosheni. Lokho kusho ukuthi buphindwe kathathu kunobebhola.

Ngokuphathelene nesisindo, ubuchopho obuvamile bomuntu omdala bunesisindo esiphakathi kwamakhilogremu angu-2.6 no-3.1 (1.2 no-1.4). I-cerebrum iyodwa inesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-0.9 kuya ku-1.1.

Izicubu zobuchopho zakhiwe yilokhu okulandelayo:

• Amanzi (amanzi) - cishe 77%
• Ama-lipid - cishe angu-11%
• Amaprotheni - cishe 8%
• Ezinye izinto - cishe u-4%

Yiziphi izifo nezimo ezivamile ezithinta ubuchopho?

Noma yisiphi isimo esithinta ubuchopho bakho singathinta nobuchopho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Ezinye izibonelo ezinkulu yilezi:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Izinkinga zokukhathazeka
• Isifo sokungakwazi ukunaka kakhulu (ADHD)
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa ukulimala ekhanda (Ukulimala Kobuchopho Nokulimala Kobuchopho Okubuhlungu - I-TBI)
• Izifo zokuzalwa (isib. isifo sikaMenkes)
• Isifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo
• Ukucindezeleka
• Isiyezi (i-vertigo)
• Isifo Sokuxhuzula
• Izimo zokuzivikela komzimba kanye nokuvuvukala (isb., i-fibromyalgia)
• Izifo zofuzo (izifo ezizuzwe kubazali, isib. isifo sikaWilson)
• Ukutheleleka (okubangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, izimuncagazi, isikhunta)
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD)
I-Schizophrenia-ngokomzwelo `(Schizophrenia)`
• Ukuntuleka kwamavithamini nezinkinga zokudla okunempilo (isb., ukuntuleka kwevithamini B12, i-hypothyroidism)

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingavela esimweni esinjalo?

Izimpawu ezahlukahlukene zingavela uma ubuchopho buthintekile. Ezinye zezimpawu ezivame kakhulu zifaka:

• I-Aphasia: Uma izikhungo zokukhuluma zobuchopho zonakele, kungaba nzima ukukhuluma nokuqonda lokho abanye abakushoyo.
• I-Ataxia: Lokhu kuwukulahlekelwa ukuhambisana kokunyakaza komzimba. Lokhu kungabangela ukukhubeka, ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi, kanye nobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi evamile ngezandla.
• Izinguquko zokuziphatha kanye nokudideka.
• Isiyezi.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda kanye ne-migraines.
• Izinkinga zememori.
• Ukukhubazeka: Lokhu kungathinta izingxenye ezahlukene zomzimba.
• Ukuthuthumela: Lapho ukuhlangana kwemisipha kulahleka, izingxenye zomzimba, ikakhulukazi izandla, zingase zithuthumele.
• Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukucabanga.
• Izinkinga zokubona: Ubuchopho bunesibopho sokulawula amehlo akho nendlela ubuchopho bakho obucubungula ngayo lokho okubonayo. Izinkinga zokubona zingasukela ekuboneni okufiphele kuya ekuphendukeni kuya ekungabonini.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola impilo yobuchopho?

Kunezivivinyo eziningi ezingasiza ekuxilongeni izimo ezithinta ubuchopho bakho, noma i-cerebrum. Izivivinyo ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kungahlola izinkinga zesimiso somzimba kanye nobuthi, ikakhulukazi izinsimbi ezifana nethusi, emzimbeni.
• I-CT scan (i-computerized tomography scan)
• I-E.E.G. `(I-EEG - I-Electroencephalogram)`
• I-EMG (i-Electromyogram)
• Ukuhlolwa kwamathuba okuhoxiswa
• Ukuhlolwa kofuzo
• I-MRI (Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance)
• Ukuskena kwe-PET (ukuskena kwe-Positron emission tomography)
• Izifundo zokulala
• Ukubhoboza umgogodla (ukubhoboza i-lumbar)
• Ama-X-ray

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-cerebrum kuhlukahlukene njengezifo nezimpawu ezibangelayo. Kusukela kuma-antibiotic okutheleleka ngamagciwane kuya emisebeni kanye namakhemikhali ezimila zobuchopho. Ukwelashwa okusiza isimo esisodwa kungase kube kubi kakhulu kwesinye. Ngakho-ke, akukho ukwelashwa "okulingana nobukhulu obubodwa" kwezinkinga zobuchopho. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukwelashwa okukulungele kangcono.

Ngingawugcina kanjani ubuchopho bami buphilile? (Lokhu kuyinto engidinga ukuyikhumbula!)

Kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze ugcine ubuchopho bakho buphilile. Cabanga ngalokhu "njengomyalezo okufanele uwuthathe uye ekhaya":

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo: Amanye amavithamini, ikakhulukazi ukuntuleka kwevithamini B12, angathinta ubuchopho bakho, okungukuthi, ubuchopho, futhi abangele izinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla ukudla okunempilo.
• Yiba matasa ngokomzimba futhi ulondoloze isisindo esinempilo: Izinkinga ngohlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi kanye nenhliziyo nazo zingathinta ubuchopho bakho. Isifo sohlangothi siyisibonelo esihle salokhu. Isifo sohlangothi sivame ukubangelwa izinkinga zenhliziyo. Unganciphisa le ngozi ngokuhlala usebenza futhi ulondoloze isisindo esinempilo.
• Ungawanaki amagciwane: Yelapha futhi welaphe amagciwane, ikakhulukazi lawo asemahlweni nasezindlebeni, ngokushesha. Uma lawa magciwane esakazekela ebuchosheni, angaba yingozi futhi asongele nokuphila.
• Thatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela njengoba uyalelwe: Eminye imithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi ebuchosheni bakho uma ithathwe ngendlela engafanele. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho. Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha ezingase zihlobane nobuchopho bakho, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela uma kudingeka: Ukulimala ekhanda kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ebuchosheni. Ukulimala Kobuchopho Okubangelwa Yisifo Sokushaqeka Noma Okubangelwa Yingozi (TBI) kungenzeka. Ukugqoka imishini yokuzivikela, ikakhulukazi izigqoko zokuzivikela, ngenkathi usebenza noma udlala kungasiza ekuvikeleni ubuchopho bakho kulezi zinhlobo zokulimala.
• Gwema ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile, kanye nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokuphelele:Ukubhema nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi kwandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile kuyingozi ebuchosheni bakho. Kuphinde kwandise ingozi yakho yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, izinkinga zokukhumbula, ukuthuthumela, kanye nezinkinga zokulinganisela. Ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa kungalimaza nobuchopho bakho, kwandise ingozi yakho yokuxhuzula kanye nesifo sohlangothi.

Khumbula: Ubuchopho bakho buyimpahla eyigugu kakhulu emzimbeni wakho. Kungumsebenzi wakho ukuwuvikela.

Ngakho-ke, ungabona ukuthi i-cerebrum iyisitho esimangalisayo nesiyinkimbinkimbi esisisiza ngakho konke esikwenzayo nsuku zonke. Nakuba ososayensi bethole okuningi ngayo, kusekuningi okufanele kutholakale. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nezokwelapha, lezi zimfihlakalo zembulwa kancane kancane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lolu lwazi lusiza odokotela ukuthi baxilonge kangcono futhi baphathe izimo zakho zezokwelapha, kanye nokuvimbela izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo.

Ubuchopho , ubuchopho, izingxenye zobuchopho, umsebenzi wobuchopho, isimiso sezinzwa, izifo zobuchopho, impilo yobuchopho