Ingabe kufanele sifunde 'ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme', hhayi nje ngomfutho wegazi esiwuzwayo emizimbeni yethu?

Cishe uke wezwa 'ngomfutho wegazi', akunjalo? Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngento ebaluleke ngokulinganayo, kodwa mhlawumbe awukazwanga okuningi ngayo. Lokho 'Umfutho Wokugeleza Kwegazi'. Kalula nje, lokhu ukucindezela okudingekayo ukuze kupompe igazi kahle liye ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Kuphela uma lokhu kucindezela kulungile lapho izitho zethu zithola khona umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezizidingayo.

Kuyini 'ukucindezela kwe-Perfusion'? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Cabanga nje, ukuze unisele izitshalo engadini yakho, kudingeka kube nokucindezela okuhle epayipini elivela empompini yamanzi, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, ukuze izitho ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, okungukuthi inhliziyo, ubuchopho, izinso, konke lokhu, zithole umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ngegazi, lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukucindezela kokuphefumula' kumele kube khona. Kalula nje, 'ukucindezela kokuphefumula' ukucindezela okudingekile ukuze kuhlinzekwe igazi esicutshini noma esithweni. Uma nje lokhu kucindezela kusesezingeni elanele, leso sitho sizothola inani legazi elidingekayo. Yingakho lokhu kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi. Cabanga nje, kwenzekani uma lokhu kucindezela kwehla kwezinye izindawo? Yilapho kuvela khona izinkinga ezinkulu. Lokhu kwehla kokucindezela kungaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi enhliziyweni nasebuchosheni bethu. Ngoba uma lezi zitho zingatholi igazi kahle, kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi, ngezinye izikhathi ezisongela ukuphila.

Lo 'mfutho wegazi ophakeme' usebenza kanjani?

Inhliziyo yethu ifana nephampu. Isebenza njalo, akunjalo? Njalo lapho inhliziyo yethu ishaya, ikhipha igazi elincane enhliziyweni bese ilithumela emithanjeni yegazi (imithambo yegazi) emzimbeni wethu wonke. Bese leli gazi lihamba lisuka emithanjeni liye emithanjeni yegazi. Yilapho umoya-mpilo osegazini ushintshaniswa khona namaseli omzimba wethu. Uma lowo msebenzi usuqediwe, igazi elisemithanjeni yegazi libuyela enhliziyweni ngemithambo yegazi. Lo mjikelezo wenzeka njalo ngomzuzwana inhliziyo eshaya ngawo. Ngakho-ke ukuze le nqubo isebenze kahle, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'umfutho wegazi' kubalulekile.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi lokhu 'kugeleza kwegazi' kwenzeka kahle?

Ukuhlolwa kokungcola kwegazi okungabandakanyi izitho zomzimba ngaphakathi emzimbeni kuvame ukuqala ngedivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-pulse oximeter. Cishe usuyibonile, ngezinye izikhathi ubeka idivayisi efana ne-clip emunweni wakho ukuhlola umoya-mpilo egazini lakho. Yilokho kuphela. Ithumela ukukhanya okubomvu noku-infrared esikhumbeni sakho. I-molecule egazini lethu ebizwa ngokuthi i-hemoglobin ithwala umoya-mpilo. Le hemoglobin imunca ukukhanya ngendlela ehlukile uma ithwala umoya-mpilo nalapho ingathwali khona. Isebenzisa lowo mehluko, i-pulse oximeter ingakwazi ukubala ukuthi ingakanani umoya-mpilo egazini lakho nokuthi igazi lifika endaweni ethile kahle yini. Amanye ala ma-pulse oximeter afana ne-clip oyibeka emunweni wakho. Amanye afika ne-sensor oyinamathisela emunweni wakho noma kwenye indawo, njengesitikha. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kunganamathiselwa endlebeni noma ebunzini.

Ngakho-ke iyini le 'Perfusion Index'?

I-Perfusion Index (PI) iyisilinganiso sokuthi igazi lijikeleza kahle kangakanani engxenyeni ethile yomzimba wakho. Ilinganisa inani legazi elinomoya-mpilo kuleyo ndawo uma kuqhathaniswa nenani legazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo. Amandla afanayo e-pulse oximeter okukala inani le-oxygen egazini nawo ayasiza nge-Perfusion Index. Ngokulinganisa ukuthi ingakanani i-oxygen ethwalwa yi-hemoglobin, kungenzeka ukukala ukuthi ingakanani igazi elisha (okungukuthi igazi elisenomoya-mpilo) eligeleza kuleyo ndawo. I-Peripheral Perfusion Index iyindlela esebenzisa lesi simiso ukusiza odokotela ukuhlola nokwelapha umuntu ogulayo. Inani eliphansi lisho ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ayimpompi igazi elanele, noma kukhona okuvimbela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kahle liye ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho ezikude kakhulu nenhliziyo yakho (njengezingalo nemilenze yakho).

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-'Perfusion Index' kanye ne-'Blood Pressure'?

Zombili lezi ziyizilinganiso zokuthi uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi lusebenza kahle kangakanani. Kodwa izindlela zihlukile, futhi azilinganisi into efanayo.

• Inkomba Yokugeleza Kwegazi: Lesi isilinganiso sokuthi lingakanani igazi eligeleza endaweni ethile. Inani eliphakeme libonisa ukugeleza kwegazi okungcono. Inani eliphansi lingabonisa inkinga ngenhliziyo noma imithambo yegazi yakho.
• Umfutho Wegazi: Lokhu kulinganisa umfutho ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho, olinganiswa ngamamilimitha e-mercury (mm/Hg). Kukhona inani eliphezulu neliphansi. Inani eliphezulu (`umfutho we-Systolic`) ukucindezela emithanjeni yegazi isikhathi ngasinye lapho inhliziyo ishaya. Inani eliphansi (`umfutho we-Diastolic` ) ukucindezela emithanjeni yegazi phakathi kokushaya kwenhliziyo okubili.

Okubalulekile: Njengoba laba ababili belinganisa izinto ezingafani, awukwazi ukucabanga ukuthi enye ilungile kanti enye nayo ilungile. Zombili zibalulekile.

'Umfutho wegazi ophakeme' usebenza kanjani enhliziyweni yakho?

Inhliziyo yethu iyisicubu esidinga ukusebenza njalo empilweni yethu yonke. Ukuze yenze umsebenzi wayo kahle, inhliziyo idinga ukuhlinzekwa komoya-mpilo njalo. Ithola lokhu emithanjeni yegazi ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi imithambo yenhliziyo . Cabanga nje, inhliziyo isebenzisa phakathi kuka-70% no-80% womoya-mpilo odlula kule mithambo! Asikho esinye isitho esisebenzisa umoya-mpilo ongaka.Umfutho Wokugeleza Kwegazi Egazini (i-CPP) yiwona ogcina igazi ligeleza ngale mithambo yegazi. Uma lo mfutho wehla, inhliziyo ayitholi igazi nomoya-mpilo owanele. Lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

I-pulse oximetry ayisetshenziswa ukukala ingcindezi ye-coronary perfusion (CPP). Ukuze kulinganiswe lokhu, odokotela bathatha ezinye izilinganiso ezimbili bese bezisebenzisa ukubala ingcindezi ye-coronary perfusion. Lezi zilinganiso zingathathwa nge -echocardiography (ukuskena kwenhliziyo) noma nge -catheterization yenhliziyo ( ukuhlolwa lapho kufakwa khona ipayipi elincane enhliziyweni). Izilinganiso ezimbili yilezi: 1. Ingcindezi ye-Aortic Diastolic: Lena ingcindezi e-aorta yakho (umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye kuwo wonke umzimba) phakathi kokushaya kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kutholakala ngokulinganisa 'ingcindezi yegazi' yakho evamile. Lena inombolo engezansi (`ingcindezi ye-Diastolic`) yomfutho wegazi lakho. 2. 'Ingcindezi ye-Ventricular End-Diastolic End` (LVEDP): Lena ingcindezi engaphakathi kwe-ventricle yesobunxele, enye yamakamelo amabili aphansi enhliziyo, phakathi kokushaya kwenhliziyo okubili. Manje lokhu 'ukucindezela kokuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni' (CPP) kutholakala kanje: 'Ukucindezela kwe-Aortic Diastolic' - 'Ukucindezela kwe-Ventricular End-Diastolic kwesobunxele' = 'Ukucindezela kokuphuma kwegazi enhliziyweni'

Ngakho-ke lokhu 'kucindezela komoya' kuthinta kanjani ubuchopho?

Ngemva kwenhliziyo, esinye isitho esibaluleke kakhulu esidinga umoya-mpilo ubuchopho bethu. Ukucindezeleka Kokugeleza Kobuchopho (i-CPP) yikho okuqinisekisa ukuthi igazi ligeleza kahle liye kuzo zonke izingxenye zobuchopho. Uma ubuchopho bungatholi igazi elanele, ungalahlekelwa ingqondo ngemizuzwana embalwa. Yilokho okubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Kudingeka futhi ukuhlolwa okubili ukuze kubalwe 'ingcindezi yokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni' (CPP) yobuchopho. 1. Umfutho Wegazi: Okokuqala, kulinganiswa 'umfutho wegazi'. Bese kuba odokotela ababala 'umfutho we-Arterial Pressure' (MAP) . Le MAP iyingcindezi evamile emithanjeni yakho ngesikhathi somjikelezo owodwa wenhliziyo (isikhathi esiphakathi kwalapho inhliziyo yakho ifinyela futhi iphumule). Le MAP ibalwa kanje:

• Phindaphinda inani eliphansi 'lomfutho wegazi' lakho (umfutho wegazi we-'Diastolic') kabili.
• Engeza inani elingenhla (`umfutho we-Systolic`) empendulweni oyitholayo.
• Zihlanganise zonke bese uhlukanisa inani eliphumayo ngo-3. (MAP = [I-Systolic BP + (2 x I-Diastolic BP)] / 3)

2. Ukucindezeleka Kwangaphakathi Kwekhanda (ICP): I -Intracranial isho ukuthi "ngaphakathi kwekhanda." Phakathi kobuchopho bethu nethambo lekhanda kukhona uketshezi lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF).Kukhona uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwekhanda. Le ICP ingcindezi iyonke ngaphakathi kwekhanda ngenxa yobuchopho bakho, igazi elikuyo, kanye noketshezi lwe-CSF. Kunezindlela ezikhethekile zokulinganisa lokhu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kufanele ufake ithuluzi elibucayi ekhanda. Manje, 'ingcindezi yokugeleza kobuchopho' (CPP) itholakala kanje: 'Ingcindezi Ephakathi Yemithambo' (MAP) - 'Ingcindezi Yangaphakathi Kwekhanda' (ICP) = 'Ingcindezi yokugeleza kobuchopho' (CPP)

Yiziphi izimo zezokwelapha ezivamile ezibangelwa izinkinga ezihlobene 'nomfutho wegazi ophakeme'?

Inkinga enkulu eyenzeka lapho kungekho 'umfutho wegazi owanele' noma kuphi emzimbeni wakho ibizwa ngokuthi 'ischemia' . Lokhu kusho ukuthi indawo ayitholi igazi elanele, ngakho ayitholi umoya-mpilo owanele kanye nezakhamzimba. Uma lokhu 'umfutho wegazi' kwenzeka engalweni noma emlenzeni, izicubu ezikuleyo ndawo zingase ziqale ukufa. Lokhu kungaholela ezintweni ezifana 'ne-gangrene' (ukubola kwezicubu) kanye nokutheleleka. Uma lokhu kuthinta isitho esikhulu, leso sitho singase siqale ukwehluleka kancane kancane, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, ngisho nezibulalayo. Nazi ezinye zezimo ezingabangelwa noma ezihlotshaniswa nezinkinga 'zomfutho wegazi':

• Isifo senhliziyo
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• Isifo semithambo ye-coronary
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukushaqeka kwenhliziyo
• I-cerebral hypoxia (ukulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni)
• I-atherosclerosis
• Izilonda emilenzeni nasezinyaweni
• Isifo sikaRaynaud (ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi ezithweni)

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngigcine 'umfutho wami wokuphefumula' usezingeni eliphephile?

'Umfutho wakho wegazi ophakeme', ikakhulukazi enhliziyweni yakho nasebuchosheni, ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga ngaphandle kokuthi unesifo esithile esithinta inhliziyo yakho kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, ungenza lezi zinto ukuvimbela noma ukubambezela ukukhula kwalezi zifo:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo. Akukuhle ukuba mkhulu kakhulu noma ube mncane kakhulu.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo. Yidla ukudla okunamafutha amancane, usawoti, noshukela, kanye nezithelo nemifino eminingi.
• Yeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi (kufaka phakathi ugwayi ongenantuthu kanye nokuvayiza). Lokhu kubangela umonakalo omkhulu emithanjeni yegazi.

"Cabanga ngakho, indlela yokuphila enempilo ifana nokugcina imizimba yethu isesimweni esihle. Njengokulungisa imoto ukuze ihlale isesimweni esihle, sidinga ukunakekela imizimba yethu kahle."

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubona noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zithinte 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme' ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba minyaka yonke.Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuhlolwa kwempilo'. Ngokuhlolwa okulula okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wakho, uvame ukuhlonza izinkinga ezinkulu ngaphambi kokuba ubonise izimpawu. Uma uzibamba kusenesikhathi, ungathola ukwelashwa futhi umise umonakalo ohlala njalo noma unciphise umthelela wazo. Uma usuvele unesifo esithinta 'umfutho wegazi', qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela njalo ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho futhi athole ukwelashwa uma kudingeka. Futhi, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho futhi uphuze imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe. Uma unemibuzo noma udinga usizo, udokotela wakho ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakhuluma naye.

Umyalezo Wokugcina Wokuya Nasekhaya

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ubalulekile ukuze yonke ingxenye yomzimba wethu, zonke izitho, isebenze kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokhu 'umfutho wegazi ophakeme', igazi aligelezi kuzo zonke izindawo elizidingayo. Lokhu kuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi kungaba nemiphumela emibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu nezisongela impilo. Uma ufuna ukufunda kabanzi ngale 'ngcindezi yegazi ophakeme' nokuthi ikuthinta kanjani, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela. Bangabantu abangcono kakhulu ukukutshela ngqo ukuthi yini oyidingayo nokuthi yini okudingeka uyenze ukuze uzinakekele. Ngemuva kwalokho unganakekela impilo yakho futhi uchithe isikhathi ezintweni ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Akukho okubaluleke ngaphezu kokuba nempilo enhle, akunjalo?

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