Ziyini lezi mithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emzimbeni wethu? Ake sifunde ngemithambo ngendlela elula!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi iyini leyo mithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka engaphansi kwesikhumba sakho nokuthi yenzani? Ngezinye izikhathi ungayibona uma ubheka izingalo noma imilenze yakho, akunjalo? Leyo mithambo yileyo esizokhuluma ngayo namuhla. Iyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi, ebalulekile ekujikelezeni kwegazi. Eqinisweni, ama-75% egazi emzimbeni wakho aqukethwe yile mithambo. Akumangalisi lokho?

Ngakho-ke ziyini lezi mithambo?

Kalula nje, imithambo yegazi iwuhlobo lomthambo wegazi ohamba emzimbeni wakho wonke. Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuqoqa igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba bese ulibuyisela enhliziyweni. Cabanga ngakho, amangqamuzana emzimbeni wethu asebenzisa umoya-mpilo ukuze asebenze. Uma lokho kusetshenziswa, igazi elisele elingenawo umoya-mpilo lidinga ukubuyiselwa enhliziyweni ukuze lihlanzwe. Yilokho okwenziwa yimithambo yegazi. Le mithambo yegazi, kanye neminye imithambo yegazi kanye nenhliziyo, ivumela igazi lethu ukuthi ligeleze emzimbeni wethu wonke.

Hlobo luni lwegazi olugeleza emithanjeni? Ingabe luhlukile emithanjeni?

Yebo, kunomehluko omkhulu lapha. Imithambo yegazi ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi kakhulu. Okungukuthi, igazi elithwala umoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. Kodwa-ke, imithambo yegazi, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi . Kodwa-ke, kukhona okuhlukile kulokhu, okuyisimo esikhethekile. Futhi leyo yimithambo yegazi yamaphaphu . Le mithambo yegazi itholakala phakathi kwenhliziyo yakho namaphaphu akho. Le mithambo yegazi emine yamaphaphu ibuyisela igazi elinomoya-mpilo omningi eliqoqwe emaphaphu enhliziyweni. Bese inhliziyo ipompa lelo gazi libuyele emzimbeni wonke. Uyaqonda?

Ziyini lezi mithambo (amaVenule)?

Ama-Venule ayimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu, emincane. Afana nezindlela ezincane ezixhumanisa nemithambo yethu emikhulu. Le mithambo ixhumanisa igazi elivela kuma-capillary amahle kakhulu emzimbeni wethu nemithambo emikhulu. Kukuma-capillary lapho kunikezwa khona umoya-mpilo emaseli ethu bese kufakwa imikhiqizo engcolile bese kufakwa i-carbon dioxide egazini. Lelo gazi elinomoya-mpilo omncane nemikhiqizo engcolile lingena ngemithambo liye emithanjeni, bese lisuka lapho libuyela enhliziyweni. Nakuba le mithambo ibanzi kancane kune-capillary, incane kakhulu kunemithambo. Kuthiwa incane ngokuphindwe ka-16 kunemithambo evamile.

Kwenzekani ngempela emithanjeni?

Imithambo inezinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko: 1. Ukuqoqa igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lisuka kuwo wonke umzimba bese libuyiselwa enhliziyweni. 2. Ukuthwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuka emaphashini liyise enhliziyweni. (Imithambo yamaphaphu kuphela eyenza lokhu, uyakhumbula?) Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi womthambo ngamunye uncike ekutheni ukuphi emzimbeni. Inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yayo yonke le mithambo ibizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwemithambo .

Iyini le ndlela yokwelapha imithambo yegazi?

Uhlelo lwemithambo luyinethiwekhi yemithambo emzimbeni wakho, nokuthi ixhumana kanjani neminye imithambo yegazi nezitho zomzimba. Luhlukaniswe ngamasekethe amabili amakhulu: 1. Isekethe yesistimu 2. Isekethe yamaphaphu Cabanga ngayo njengomzila womjaho. Imoto yomjaho idinga ukuhamba ngesekethe ephelele. Kodwa ayikwazi ukuqhubeka isebenza ngaphandle kokugcwalisa uphethiloli nokwenza ukulungiswa okuncane. Yileyo ndlela igazi lethu elisebenza ngayo. Igazi lidinga futhi ukugcwalisa umoya-mpilo futhi lisuswe emikhiqizweni engcolile njenge-carbon dioxide. Manje ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani. Okokuqala, ake sibheke isekethe yesistimu . Lona isekethe enkulu ehamba yonke indlela emzimbeni wakho, kusukela ezingalweni zakho kuya emilenzeni yakho. 1. Igazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo omuhle liphuma enhliziyweni bese liya emithanjeni. 2. Imithambo ihlukana ibe iziteshi ezincane, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-arterioles, bese ekugcineni iba ama-capillary. 3. Kuma-capillary, igazi liletha umoya-mpilo ezicutshini zomzimba, futhi lisusa udoti kanye ne-carbon dioxide lapho. 4. Manje igazi liphansi komoya-mpilo futhi liphezulu kodoti. Ngakho-ke kudingeka "ligcwalise uphethiloli" futhi. 5. Leli gazi liqoqana kuma-venule, bese lisuka lapho liya emithanjeni. 6. Imithambo ibuyisela leli gazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni. Leli gazi lingena enhliziyweni ngemithambo emibili emikhulu. Yi -vena cava ephezulu kanye ne-vena cava ephansi . Kulungile, njengoba igazi selifikile enhliziyweni, umjikelezo womzimba usuphelile. Okulandelayo sidinga ukuqhubekela phambili kumjikelezo wamaphaphu . 1. Kulesi sifunda, igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo elingene enhliziyweni liya emaphaphu. 2. Emaphaphu, igazi liphinde lifakwe umoya-mpilo (njengokugcwaliswa kabusha). 3. Igazi elihlanzekile, elicebile ngomoya-mpilo libuyela enhliziyweni ngemithambo yamaphaphu . (Lesi yisikhathi kuphela lapho imithambo ithwala igazi elicebile ngomoya-mpilo!) 4. Inhliziyo ibe isipompa leli gazi elihlanzekile libuyele kumjikelezo wesistimu, iqala umjikelezo omusha. Akuyona yini indlela emangalisayo? Konke lokhu kwenzeka njalo, ngaphandle kokuma, ngaphakathi kwemizimba yethu.

Ibukeka kanjani imithambo yegazi? Kungani ibonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka?

Imithambo yakho iyinethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi egijima emzimbeni wakho wonke. Isakazeke njengezintambo ngaphakathi kwekhompyutha, noma njengamagatsha esihlahla esibheke phansi. Emilenzeni yakho, ibukeka njengamagatsha amabili amakhulu ahluma abe amagatsha amaningi amancane. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi imithambo iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngoba ibukeka iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu. Kodwa lokho akulona iqiniso. Yileyo ndlela amehlo ethu ayibona ngayo.

Igazi elisemithanjeni empeleni libomvu ngokumnyama. Limnyama kancane kunegazi elisemithanjeni, ngoba igazi elisemithanjeni linomoya -mpilo omncane. Isizathu sokuthi libukeke liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphansi kwesikhumba sethu kungenxa yendlela isikhumba sethu esimunca ngayo ukukhanya. Igazi lihlala libomvu, emithanjeni nasemithanjeni.

Imithambo yenziwe ngani?

Umthambo ngamunye wakhiwe ngezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko zezicubu:

• I-Tunica adventitia: Lolu ungqimba olungaphandle kakhulu. Lunikeza umthambo ukuma kwawo kanye nesakhiwo sawo.
• I-Tunica media: Lena ungqimba oluphakathi. Iqukethe amangqamuzana emisipha abushelelezi. Lolu ngqimba lusiza umthambo ukuba wande futhi unciphe njengoba igazi ligeleza.
• I-Tunica intima: Lena ungqimba olungaphakathi nolubushelelezi. Iqukethe uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olubizwa ngamaseli e-endothelial . Lawa maseli avumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze emthanjeni ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.

Imithambo yegazi nayo inezingqimba ezintathu, kodwa imithambo yegazi ihlukile kwemithambo yegazi ngezindlela ezithile.

• Ama-valve ahamba ngendlela eyodwa: Eminye imithambo, ikakhulukazi leyo esemilenzeni, inama-valve avumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela . Lawa ma-valve agcina igazi ligeleza ngendlela eqondile liye enhliziyweni futhi alivimbele ukuthi ligeleze emuva. Uma la ma-valve onakele, igazi lingageleza emuva, okubangela izimo ezifana nemithambo evuvukele .
• Ubukhulu bezindonga: Izindonga zemithambo yegazi zincane kunezindonga zemithambo yegazi, futhi zinemisipha emincane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umfutho wegazi elingaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi uphansi kunemithambo yegazi engaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, akudingeki ukuthi zibe zinkulu ukuze zimelane naleyo ngcindezi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithambo yegazi?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemithambo ezisiza uhlelo lwethu lokujikeleza kwegazi ukuthi lusebenze kahle: 1. Imithambo ejulile: Le itholakala ngaphakathi kwemisipha yethu kanye nasemathanjeni ethu. Le mithambo ejulile yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokubuyisela igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni. Cishe u-90% wegazi oya enhliziyweni, ikakhulukazi elivela emilenzeni yakho, lidlula kule mithambo ejulile. Le mithambo inama-valve engiwakhulume ngawo ekuqaleni avumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. 2. Imithambo engaphezulu: Le mithambo ivame ukuba mincane kunemithambo ejulile. Njengemithambo ejulile, nayo inama-valve. Kodwa ayizungezwe yimisipha njengemithambo ejulile. Esikhundleni salokho, itholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Yingakho ungayibona kalula. Le mithambo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oyibona ngaphansi kwesikhumba sezingalo nemilenze yakho. Le mithambo engaphezulu iqoqa igazi ezicutshini eziseduze nesikhumba bese ilithumela emithanjeni ejulile (ngemithambo ekhethekile exhumanisayo). Kodwa leli gazi ligeleza kancane, ngoba alitholi ngcindezi emisipheni ezungezile. Umthambo omkhulu emzimbeni wethu umthambo ongaphezulu. Ubizwa ngokuthi umthambo omkhulu we-saphenous . Ugijima kusukela eqakaleni lakho uye ethangeni lakho emlenzeni ngamunye. 3. Imithambo ebhoboza: Lezi ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi imithambo ebhoboza. Lezi yimithambo emifushane kakhulu. Zithatha igazi emithanjeni engaphezulu bese zilixhuma emithanjeni ejulile. Le mithambo ebhoboza nayo inama-valve. Lapho imisipha yakho yethole ifinyela, la ma-valve ayavaleka. Bese igazi elivela emithanjeni ejulile liyayeka ukugeleza libuyele emithanjeni engaphezulu.

Igazi ligeleza kanjani emithanjeni? Inhliziyo ayishayi ngokwanele?

Ngisho noma inhliziyo ipompa igazi, liya emithanjeni. Ukuze igazi elisemithanjeni libuyele enhliziyweni, kudingeka usizo lwamandla angaphandle.

• Indlela ophefumula ngayo: Uma uphefumula, amaphaphu akho ayakhula futhi i-diaphragm yakho iya phezulu naphansi. Lokhu kudala amandla okumunca asiza ekusunduzeni igazi elingenayo i-oxygen emithanjeni yakho libuyele enhliziyweni yakho.
• Ukunyakaza kwemisipha: Ikakhulukazi imisipha emilenzeni yakho! Ubuwazi ukuthi imisipha emilenzeni yakho isiza ukupompa igazi ngokumelene namandla adonsela phansi, yingakho imisipha emilenzeni yakho ibizwa ngokuthi "inhliziyo yakho yesibili."

Iyini le "nhliziyo yesibili"?

Ungase ungazi, kodwa imisipha emlenzeni wakho ongezansi, ikakhulukazi imisipha embotsheni yakho, isebenza njengemibhobho enamandla. Isunduza imithambo ejulile emlenzeni wakho ongezansi. Le "nhliziyo yesibili" (inhliziyo engaphandle) iqala ukusebenza njalo uma uthatha isinyathelo.

• Uma ubeka unyawo lwakho phansi, isisindo somzimba wakho sicindezela imithambo ejulile emilenzeni yakho engezansi. Igazi elingaphakathi kwaleyo mithambo liyasunduzelwa phezulu liye endaweni yesinqe.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, uma uphakamisa izithende zakho , imisipha yakho yethole iyaqina, icindezela imithambo ejulile lapho. Bese igazi liya phezulu kakhulu, liye emathangeni.

Lolu hlelo olumangalisayo yilona oluvumela igazi emilenzeni nasezinyaweni zakho ukuba livuke ngokumelene namandla adonsela phansi bese libuyela enhliziyweni yakho.

Ngokungafani nenhliziyo esifubeni sakho, le nhliziyo yesibili iqala ukupompa kuphela lapho imilenze yakho inyakaza. Futhi isivinini epompa ngaso siyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ushukumisa imilenze yakho ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma ugijima, imisipha yakho ipompa igazi ngokushesha kunalapho uhamba.

Kodwa-ke, le nhliziyo yesibili yiyona evumela igazi lakho ukuthi lijikeleze emzimbeni wakho wonke, iqinisekisa ukuthi izitho zakho nezicubu zakho ziyaqhubeka nokuthola umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba, okuzivumela ukuthi zisebenze kahle.

Yiziphi izifo ezivamile ezihlobene nemithambo yegazi?

Kunezifo eziningana ezingavela uma imithambo yegazi ingasebenzi kahle. Ezinye zalezi ziyi:

• I-Exficial thrombophlebitis : Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni ongaphansi kwesikhumba. Leli hlule legazi ngokuvamile alihambi liye emaphashini. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka uma ihlule lihamba liye emthanjeni ojulile.
• I-Deep Vein Thrombosis ( DVT ): Lesi yisimo esibucayi.I-DVT ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi (i-thrombi) emithanjeni ejulile. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emilenzeni noma ethangeni. Uma leli hlule legazi liphuma emthanjeni bese lihamba negazi liye emaphashini, lingabangela isimo esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism .
• Imithambo ye-Varicose: Lena imithambo ebonakala ivuvukele futhi igobile. Nakuba ingase ingabangeli umonakalo omkhulu, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu, njengokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemithambo yegazi okungapheli: Lapho ama-valve emilenzeni yakho agcina igazi ligeleza ohlangothini olulodwa elimele, awakwazi ukupompa igazi libuyele enhliziyweni yakho ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa yi-DVT.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonisa inkinga ngemithambo yegazi?

Izimpawu zingahluka kuye ngesimo sakho. Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala) kwemilenze, amaqakala, kanye nezinyawo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuma isikhathi eside.
• Ubuhlungu noma ukuzwela lapho kuthintwa.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele , ubuhlungu, futhi ungezwani nemilenze.
• Isikhumba emilenzeni siba njengesikhumba.
• Isikhumba esomile, esinamaqhubu emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni, noma ukulunywa.

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, noma uma ubona noma yimiphi imithambo ephuzi noma evuvukele owawungenayo ngaphambili, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Izifo eziningi zemithambo zingelashwa ngempumelelo uma zitholakala kusenesikhathi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubamba isimo esifana ne-DVT ngaphambi kokuba sibe yi-pulmonary embolism.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola impilo yemithambo yegazi?

Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi enze ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Bangase futhi bacele ukuhlolwa kwe-Doppler ultrasound kanye negazi ukuze kuhlolwe izimo ezifana ne-DVT.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha izinkinga zemithambo yegazi?

Ukwelashwa kwesifo semithambo yegazi kuhloswe kakhulu ekunciphiseni ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi, ukuncibilikisa ukuqhekeka kwegazi okukhona, kanye nokunciphisa izimpawu.

• Izindlela zokwelapha ezilwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi: Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha i-DVT nokuvimbela i-pulmonary embolism. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-warfarin, i-rivaroxaban, ne-apixaban. Udokotela wakho uzohlola igazi lakho njalo ukuze abone ukuthi umuthi usebenza kahle kangakanani futhi alungise umthamo ngokufanele. Umthamo uyancishiswa noma nini lapho kungenzeka khona ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yokopha.
• Imithi yokuncibilikisa amahlule: Le mithi ayisetshenziswa njalo. Isebenza kahle kakhulu uma inikezwa zingakapheli amahora angu-48 kusukela kwakheke amahlule.
• Izinqubo zokuhlinzwa :Lokhu akuvamile ukwenziwa, kodwa kulabo abangakwazi ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, ukufaka isihlungi se-vena cava kungaba yindlela enhle.

Kukhona nezinto ongazenza ekhaya. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi ugqoke amasokisi okucindezela . Lokhu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamasokisi zinikeza amazinga ahlukene okucindezela. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ukhethe ibhulukwe elifanele wena. Ukwelashwa kokucindezela kuyindlela yokwelapha eneminyaka engaphezu kuka-2,000 ubudala!

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngigcine imithambo yami iphilile?

Kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze ugcine imithambo yakho iphilile. Uma usuvele unezinkinga zemithambo noma unezici ezithile eziyingozi, kubalulekile ukwenza lezi zinto:

• Ungahlali endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside kakhulu. Uma uhleli isikhathi esiningi sosuku, vuka uhambe imizuzu emibili kuya kwemithathu njalo ngehora. Uma uhleli, phakamisa imilenze yakho bese ugoba amaqakala akho. Lapho unyakazisa imilenze yakho kakhulu, kulapho imisipha yakho izokwandisa khona imithambo yegazi bese ipompa igazi libuyele enhliziyweni yakho.
• Gcina inhlanzeko enhle yezinyawo ukuze uvimbele izifo. Lokhu kusho ukugcina izinyawo zakho zihlanzekile futhi zomile. Ungasebenzisa futhi i-moisturizer ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka nokopha.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi imithi yokunciphisa igazi ikulungele yini. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma kukhona ushintsho ezimpawini zakho.

Ngisho noma ungenazo izinkinga zemithambo yegazi, ungenza lezi zinto ezilula nsuku zonke ukuze ugcine imithambo yakho iphilile:

• Vuka uzulazule ngangokunokwenzeka usuku lonke, futhi ugcine umzimba wakho uhamba. Lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• Hamba ngezinyawo (okungenani izinsuku ezinhlanu ngesonto, okungenani imizuzu engama-30).
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo okunempilo, futhi uzokwazi ukugcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Uma uhamba amabanga amade ngemoto noma ngendiza, vuka ngemva kwesikhashana, hambahamba, bese welula umzimba wakho.
• Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu zenkinga yemithambo yegazi, noma ngabe zibonakala zincane, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha. Ukuhlonza izinkinga kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthi zingabi zimbi kakhulu.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ngokuvamile asicabangi ngokuthi izinhliziyo zethu nemithambo yegazi zisebenza kanzima kangakanani uma sihleli nje, akunjalo? Ukuze uhlale usebenza, uhlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi ludinga ukuqhubeka lusebenza. Yingakho kubalulekile ukunakekela umzimba wakho ngendlela esiza igazi lakho ukuthi ligeleze kahle futhi ngempumelelo.

Imithambo yegazi iyingxenye ebalulekile futhi ebaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi. Kanye nenhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, kanye nama-capillary, imithambo yegazi isebenza nsuku zonke ukuthwala igazi lakho emzimbeni wakho wonke.

Uma usohambweni olude, ungakhohlwa ukuvuka uzulazule ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngisho nokuphakamisa imilenze yakho nokuphakamisa amaqakala akho kungasiza imithambo esemilenzeni yakho ukuthi ibuyisele igazi enhliziyweni yakho. Uma ucabanga ukuthi unenkinga yemithambo yegazi, bona udokotela ngokushesha bese uxoxa ngezimpawu zakho. Izinkinga eziningi zemithambo yegazi zingelapheka kakhulu uma zitholakala kusenesikhathi!