Amandla amangalisayo emizimbeni yethu! Konke okudingeka ukwazi nge-endothelium!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezincane ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu, ezisebenzela impilo yethu? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngento ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa mhlawumbe asikhulumi kakhulu ngayo. Leyo yi -endothelium . Nakuba igama lizwakala lingokwesayensi kancane, empeleni lilula kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngalo ngokuningiliziwe, futhi uzoqonda ukuthi liyigugu kangakanani.

Kuyini i-endothelium? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, i-endothelium yakho iyingqimba encane kakhulu yamaseli emboza ingaphakathi layo yonke imithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo ye-lymphatic . Ifana ne-membrane encane emboza ingaphakathi lepayipi lamanzi. Sibiza la maseli ngokuthi amaseli e-endothelial . Akuphi?

• Emithanjeni yakho.
• Emithanjeni yakho.
• Kuma -capillaries akho.
• Futhi nakuma -capillary e-lymph .

Cabanga nje, i-endothelium yiyo exhumanisa igazi lakho nomzimba wakho wonke, ivumela ulwazi nezakhamzimba ukuthi zigeleze phakathi kwazo. Ngakho-ke, i-endothelium ibalulekile kuzo zonke izitho nezicubu emzimbeni wakho. I-endothelium ayisona nje isimbozo. Ifana nomsebenzi omatasa. Yenza umsebenzi omuhle wokugcina igazi lakho ligeleza kahle futhi ligcine isimo sizinzile. Yingakho ososayensi bebheka i-endothelium njengesitho se-endocrine . Eqinisweni, ungamangala ukwazi ukuthi lesi ngesinye sezitho ezinkulu emzimbeni wakho! Uma kwenzeka okuthile kula maseli amancane e-endothelial, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu emzimbeni. Ngoba la maseli enza umsebenzi omuhle wokusigcina siphilile futhi sinamandla. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngale endothelium nomsebenzi wayo. Ngemuva kwalokho singazama konke okusemandleni ethu ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo ze-endothelium?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko esikhuluma ngazo. Zombili zakhiwe ngamaseli endothelial, kodwa kunomehluko omncane kuye ngokuthi akuphi.

• I-Vascular endothelium: Lena ulwelwesi olungaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho. Kalula nje, i-endothelium yiyona esiza ukugeleza kwegazi.
• I-endothelium ye-lymphatic:Lokhu kusesimisweni sakho se-lymphatic. Imithambo ye-lymphatic ifana nenethiwekhi yamapayipi amancane. Isusa uketshezi oluningi (esilubiza ngokuthi i-lymph) oluqongelela ezicutshini. Ngakho-ke, i-endothelium yale mithambo ye-lymphatic iyasiza ekunyakazeni kwe-lymph.

Zombili lezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi .

Hlobo luni lomsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa yile endothelium encane?

Amaseli e-endothelial asebenza ngendlela ehlukile kuye ngokuthi akuphi emzimbeni. Ake sibheke imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-endothelium yemithambo yegazi.

Ukuncipha (i-Vasoconstriction) kanye nokwandiswa (i-Vasodilation) kwemithambo yegazi

Uma unezisele ze-endothelial ezinempilo, zisiza ukugcina imithambo yegazi yakho ivulekile (ivulekile) ukuze igazi ligeleze kuyo ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa. Ziphinde ziphendule ezintweni ezisuka ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Isibonelo, ukucindezeleka kwegazi ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yakho, izinguquko ezingeni lakho lokucindezeleka, kanye nemithi oyiphuzayo konke kungathinta lokhu. Ziphinde ziphendule ekushintsheni kwezinga lokushisa. Cabanga ngakho, esimweni sezulu esibandayo , imithambo yegazi ezithweni zakho iyancipha. Lokhu kuvumela igazi eliningi ukuthi ligeleze ezithweni zakho ezibalulekile, ukuze zihlale zifudumele. Esimweni sezulu esishisayo , ziyavuleka, zivumele igazi ukuthi lijikeleze kangcono futhi lipholise umzimba wakho. Uma uzivocavoca , imithambo yegazi emisipheni yakho iyavuleka, izinikeze igazi nomoya-mpilo eziyidingayo. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wenzani, i-endothelium isiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izitho nezicubu emzimbeni wakho zithola inani elifanele legazi.

Ilawula ukuhamba koketshezi oluvela egazini luye ezicutshini

Uma iphilile, i-endothelium iyangena kancane. Okusho ukuthi, ivumela uketshezi ukuthi ludlule emaseli ayo luye ezicutshini. Kodwa-ke, futhi isebenza njengesithiyo esihle. Ivimbela izinto ezingafuneki njengobuthi ukuthi zingangeni egazini. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo zesifo, njengokutheleleka / i-sepsis , i-endothelium iba ngena kancane kancane. Lokhu kuvumela amaseli alwa nokutheleleka ukuthi angene ezicutshini futhi azisize zelapheke.

Kuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi okungadingekile (Kuvimbela i-Thrombosis )

I-Thrombosis yisimo lapho amahlule egazi akheka khona futhi avimbele ukugeleza kwegazi, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. I-endothelium yakho ikhiqiza amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi i-nitric oxide kanye ne-prostacyclin . Lawa agcina igazi lakho lincane futhi alivimbeli ekujiyeni. Kwezinye izimo zesifo, lezi zinto azikhiqizwa kahle. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yamahlule egazi.

Ikuphi emzimbeni wethu le endothelium? Ingakanani?

I-endothelium yakho isakazeke kuwo wonke umzimba wakho! Cabanga nje, i-endothelium yemithambo yegazi yakho yodwaImithambo yegazi ingamamitha angaba ngu-60,000 ubude . Uma ucela othile ukuthi akubonise ukuthi inhliziyo yakho ikuphi, uzokhomba esifubeni sakho. Uma ucela othile ukuthi akubonise ukuthi ubuchopho bakho bukuphi, uzokhomba ikhanda lakho. Kodwa uma ucela othile ukuthi akubonise i-endothelium, uzokhomba kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho! Yilokho okwenza i-endothelium ibe ekhethekile kangaka. Amaseli e-endothelial azungeze ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi yakho. Angamaseli athintana ngqo negazi lakho. Anamathele ku-basal lamina . I-endothelium kanye nale basal lamina ndawonye kwakha ungqimba olungaphakathi kakhulu lodonga lwemithambo yegazi, i-tunica intima . Le tunica intima yilokho okuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze kahle. Ingakanani i-endothelium? Ingenye yezitho ezinkulu emzimbeni wakho. Ngokwendawo engaphezulu, umzimba womuntu ojwayelekile umbozwe yiyo, umboze phakathi kwamamitha-skwele angu-3,000 no-6,000 . Futhi, iqukethe amaseli endothelial angaphezu kwe-1 trillion ! Lawa akhiwe ngezicubu ze-epithelial . Mancane kangakanani amaseli e-endothelial? Lawa maseli angabonakala kuphela nge-microscope . Usayizi wawo ojwayelekile ngu:

• Ubude obungaba ngama -micrometer angu-30 kuya kwangu-50 (ama-micron) .
• Cishe ububanzi bungama -micrometer ayi-10 kuya kwangu-30 .
• Cishe ubukhulu obungama -micrometer angu-0.1 kuya kwangu-10 .

Ukuze ucabange ngobukhulu baleli seli, cabanga ngezinwele zakho. Unwele olulodwa lungamamitha ayi-100 ububanzi. Ngakho-ke, ngisho noma lunobude obuphezulu (ama-micrometer angu-50), iseli le-endothelial liyingxenye yobubanzi bezinwele! Yingakho singaba namaseli akhethekile angaphezu kwezigidigidi emizimbeni yethu.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Endothelium ne-Epithelium?

Zombili lezi zimboza izicubu, kodwa kunomehluko omncane.

• I-Endothelium itholakala eziteshini ezingaphakathi ngokuphelele emzimbeni futhi ezingenakho ukuxhumana nendawo engaphandle. Isibonelo, imithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo ye-lymphatic.
• I-epithelium itholakala ezindleleni ezixhumanisa nendawo engaphandle. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla kanye nohlelo lokuphefumula .

Zombili zikhethekile ngemisebenzi yazo. I-epithelium ivame ukuvikela kakhulu , isebenza njengesithiyo ezweni langaphandle. I-endothelium ikhethekile ukunikeza umzimba igazi nezinye izinto.

Kuthiwani uma i-endothelium yonakele? Leso yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial!

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelium kwenzeka lapho i-endothelium yakho ingakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ojwayelekile kahle. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho okuthile kulimaze amaseli akho e-endothelial. Lo monakalo ungabangelwa yizimo ezahlukahlukene zezokwelapha kanye nemikhuba yokuphila.

Yini engabangela lokhu?

• Izifo ezifana ne -COVID-19 .
• Ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini (i-Hyperglycemia) .
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension) .
• Ukwanda kwamazinga e-cholesterol egazini (i-Hyperlipidemia) .
• Ukuntuleka komsebenzi womzimba.
• Ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi .
• Izifo ezinzima njenge -sepsis .

Into embi kakhulu eyenzekayo lapho i-endothelium yonakele yi-atherosclerosis.

I-atherosclerosis ukwakheka kancane kancane kwe-plaque ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ososayensi bayazi ukuthi isigaba sokuqala se-atherosclerosis ukulimala kwe-endothelium. Lokhu kuvame ukubangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-LDL (i-cholesterol embi) egazini, ukubhema, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme wesikhathi eside. Lapho i-endothelium yakho yonakele, amasosha omzimba wakho ayangena. Ithumela uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi elibizwa ngokuthi ama-monocyte odongeni lwemithambo eyonakele. Lawa ma-monocyte aqoqana lapho futhi abangele ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwemithambo. Ngemuva kwalokho, kwenzeka uchungechunge lwezinguquko zamaseli, ekugcineni okuholela ekwakhekeni kwento ebizwa ngokuthi "umugqa wamafutha." Yilapho i-plaque iqala ukwakheka khona. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le plaque ikhula futhi inciphise imithambo yakho. Lokhu kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Hhayi lokho kuphela, kodwa le plaque iphinde inyuse ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi. Yingakho abantu abane-endothelium eyonakele besengozini enkulu yokuthola lezi zifo.

Pho-ke yiziphi ezinye izifo ezingavela ngenxa yalomonakalo?

• Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo
• Isifo senhliziyo
• I-Myocardial Ischemia (ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo)
• Isifo Semithambo Engaphandle
• Izimo ezifana ne-stroke
• I-Thrombosis ( i-blood clot)

Umonakalo we-endothelial ungandisa nengozi yalokhu okulandelayo:

• Umdlavuza
• Izifo ezithelelanayo
• Ukumelana ne-insulin
• Isifo Sezinso

Ngakho-ke singayigcina kanjani le endothelium eyigugu iphilile?

Ungasiza ekugcineni amaseli e-endothelial ephilile ngokunciphisa inani lama-free radical emzimbeni wakho. Ama-free radical angama-athomu angazinzile. Alimaza ama-athomu anempilo emzimbeni. Ama-antioxidantsAma-antioxidants ayizinto ezivikela umzimba wakho (ikakhulukazi i-endothelium) kuma-free radicals. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudla ukudla okucebile ngama-antioxidants. Ukudla okufana nalokhu kucebile ngama-antioxidants:

• Ilayisi elinsundu (irayisi le-bran)
• Izithelo ze-citrus ezifana nolamula nama-orange kanye namajusi azo
• Imifino eluhlaza okotshani (njengesipinashi, i-kale)
• I-oatmeal
• Upelepele obomvu nophuzi (i-fish chili)
• Ubhatata
• Utamatisi kanye nejusi likatamatisi
• Okusanhlamvu okuphelele

Ungabuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ongayenza ukuze wengeze ama-antioxidants amaningi ekudleni kwakho. Udokotela wakho angakuthumela kuchwepheshe wezokudla. Bangakusiza wenze izinguquko ezincane okulula ukuziqala. Isibonelo, bangase batuse ukulandela ukudla kwaseMedithera, okwaziwa ngokusiza inhliziyo yakho nemithambo yegazi ukuthi ihlale iphilile.

Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ama-free radical? Singazivikela kanjani kuzo?

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, imikhuba yokuphila, kanye nobuthi kungandisa inani lama-free radicals emzimbeni wakho. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uziqaphele:

• Ukungcoliswa komoya.
• Eminye imithi, izibulala-zinambuzane, kanye nabahlanzi befektri.
• Ukudla ushukela omningi kakhulu.
• Ukungalali ngokwanele.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .
• Intuthu evela emikhiqizweni kagwayi.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela yokulwa nalezi ziqhumane zamahhala nokuvikela umzimba wakho emiphumeleni yazo eyingozi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola ukuhlolwa minyaka yonke nokuphuza imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nohlelo lokuzivocavoca olufanele wena ukuze uhlale uphilile. Lezi zinto zisiza inhliziyo yakho kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi ukusebenza kahle. Futhi zisiza ukugcina i-endothelium yakho iphilile.

Khumbula, wonke umuntu unezici eziyingozi ezingalimaza i-endothelium ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakhe. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa lezi zingozi ngokwamukela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuphatha izimo zakho zezokwelapha.

Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, uyabona manje ukuthi i-endothelium esikhulume ngayo namuhla iyingxenye emangalisayo futhi ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu. Kufana nomuntu ohleli ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu, ekhonza buthule impilo yomzimba wethu wonke.

• I-endothelium ungqimba lwamaseli ahlanganisa ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi kanye nemithambo ye-lymph.
• Lokhu kwenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile, njengokulawula ukugeleza kwegazi, ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi, nokusiza izicubu ukushintshanisa izinto.
• Uma i-endothelium yonakele (ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial), izifo ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nesifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi zingavela.
• Singavikela le endothelium eyigugu ngokulandela ukudla okuhle, ukuzivocavoca, ukugwema ukubhema, nokwamukela eminye imikhuba enempilo.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngempilo ye-endothelium yakho, futhi ngayo, impilo yomzimba wakho wonke. Kuzoba usizo olukhulu empilweni yakho enempilo!