Kuyini i-Aldosterone? Ake sithole ukuthi iyithinta kanjani ingcindezi yegazi lakho!

Wake wezwa nge-Aldosterone? Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uke wayisho, noma mhlawumbe uke wezwa igama layo lapho ekhuluma ngomfutho wegazi lakho. Empeleni iyi-hormone encane kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. Isiza ekulawuleni amazinga e-sodium ne-potassium emizimbeni yethu futhi igcina umfutho wegazi wethu ulawulwa. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe nge-Aldosterone namuhla ngendlela elula ongayiqonda, kulungile?

Kuyini i-aldosterone? Ivelaphi?

Kalula nje, i-Aldosterone iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa yizindlala zakho ze-adrenal . Uyazi ukuthi ziyini lezi zindlala ze-adrenal? Ziyizindlala ezimbili ezincane, ezimise okwesikwele ezibukeka njengezigqoko ezincane phezu kwezinso zakho. Ziyingxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine . Lezi zindlala zikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi abalulekile emizimbeni yethu.

Ama-hormone afana nezithunywa zamakhemikhali eziqondisa umsebenzi wemizimba yethu. Ahamba egazini futhi atshele izitho zomzimba, imisipha, nezinye izicubu ukuthi zenzeni nokuthi zikwenze nini.

Manje, le hormone , i-Aldosterone, ilawula amazinga e-sodium ne-potassium egazini lakho. Lawa ma-sodium ne-potassium abizwa ngokuthi ama-electrolyte . Lawa yiwo asiza ukugcina uketshezi lomzimba lulinganisela futhi asize imizwa nemisipha isebenze kahle. Futhi, i-Aldosterone ilawula inani lamanzi aphinde amuncwa yizinso. Lokhu kwandisa umthamo wegazi futhi kuthinta umfutho wegazi.

Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amazinga akho e-aldosterone aphansi noma aphezulu, kungathinta impilo yakho.

Iyiphi insizakalo enikezwa yi-aldosterone emizimbeni yethu?

Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Aldosterone ukusiza ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi lakho. Inegalelo kulo msebenzi obalulekile ngezindlela eziningana:

• I-Aldosterone itshela izitho ezifana nezinso zakho kanye nekholoni ukuthi zandise inani le-sodium engezwe egazini lakho noma zandise inani le-potassium ekhishwa emchameni wakho.
• Uma amazinga e-sodium ekhuphuka ngale ndlela, umzimba uqala ukugcina amanzi, okwandisa umthamo wegazi.

Konke lokhu kubalulekile, uma umfutho wegazi uphansi, ukuze ubuyele ezingeni elinempilo.

Ngokungaqondile, i-aldosterone iyasiza futhi ekugcineni i-pH (okungukuthi ibhalansi ye-acid-base) kanye namazinga e-electrolyte egazini lakho.

Amazinga e-aldosterone alawulwa kanjani? Ake sibheke kabanzi!

I-Aldosterone iyingxenye yenethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi yama-hormone, ama-enzyme, amaprotheni, kanye nokusabela okubizwa ngokuthi i-Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) . Inomsebenzi oyinhloko wokulawula umfutho wegazi.

Cabanga ngalokhu njengenqubo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo:

1. Okokuqala, lapho umfutho wegazi wakho wehla , i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-renin ikhishwa egazini lakho isuka ezinso zakho.

2. Le renin iyaphula iphrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensinogen , eyenziwa esibindini sakho. Enye yezingcezu yi -angiotensin I. Lokhu akusebenzi ngaleso sikhathi, okusho ukuthi akunawo umphumela omkhulu.

3. Bese kuthi i-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) evela emaphashini akho ifike iphule le Angiotensin I ibe yizicucu ezengeziwe. Enye yalezo zicucu yi-hormone esebenzayo ebizwa ngokuthi i-Angiotensin II .

4. Yilapho i-Angiotensin II yenza khona umsebenzi obalulekile:

• Enye iwukwandisa umfutho wegazi ngokubangela ukuba izindonga zemisipha yemithambo yegazi emincane (ama-arterioles) zifinyele.
• Okunye ukuthi "kukhomba" izindlala zakho ze-adrenal ukuthi zikhiphe i-aldosterone.
• Iphinde itshele i-pituitary gland yakho ukuthi ikhiphe i-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Vasopressin .

5. Ngakho-ke, i-Aldosterone ne-ADH ziyasebenzisana ukutshela izinso ukuthi zigcine i-sodium emzimbeni. I-Aldosterone ibangela ukuthi izinso zikhiphe i-potassium emchameni. Lapho amazinga e-sodium egazini ekhuphuka, amanzi ayagcinwa emzimbeni. Lokhu kwandisa umthamo wegazi kanye nomfutho wegazi.

Lena indlela uhlelo lwe-Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone oluqedwa ngayo. Uyayiqonda leyo nqubo?

Lolu hlelo lungasetshenziswa futhi ngamanye ama-hormone afana nama -corticosteroids , i-estrogen, nama -hormone e-thyroid .

Uma kunenkinga nganoma iyiphi ingxenye yalolu hlelo, ingathinta umfutho wegazi lakho kanye namazinga e-sodium ne-potassium. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ezinye izinto eziningi zingathinta nomfutho wegazi lakho, njenge-cholesterol ephezulu, izakhi zofuzo, kanye nemithi ethile.

Ungahlola kanjani amazinga e-aldosterone?

Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko odokotela abakusebenzisayo ukuhlola izinkinga ezihlobene ne-aldosterone yi -Aldosterone: Renin Ratio Test . Ngenxa yokuthi i-renin ne-aldosterone zihlobene kakhulu, lokhu kuhlolwa kunganquma ukuthi inkinga iyinkinga nje ngokukhiqizwa nokusebenza kwe-aldosterone, noma ukuthi kunenkinga yini ngohlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin uqobo.

Kulolu vivinyo lwe-Aldosterone: Renin Ratio, isampula yegazi ivame ukuthathwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.

Odokotela bangalinganisa nenani le-aldosterone egazini lakho kanye/noma emchameni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuhlolwa kokufakwa kwe-catheter ukuze kuthathwe isampula yegazi emthanjeni osezinso zakho (we-renin) noma emthanjeni osezinso zakho (we-aldosterone). Lokhu ukuhlolwa okwenziwa esibhedlela ngudokotela we-radiologist oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile.

Angakanani amazinga ajwayelekile e-aldosterone?

Amanani ajwayelekile amazinga e-aldosterone angahluka kancane kusuka kwelinye ilabhorethri kuya kwelinye. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ububanzi obujwayelekile embikweni wakho webhurethri, noma ubuze udokotela wakho uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yakho.

Izinga elijwayelekile lamazinga e-aldosterone egazini liyahlukahluka ngokweminyaka. Ngokuvamile, amazinga ajwayelekile alandelayo:

• Kwezinsana ezinenyanga eyodwa kuya kweziyi-12: 5.8 – 110.0 nanograms nge-deciliter (ng/dL)
• Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-1 kuya kwemi-5 ubudala: < 36.0 ng/dL
• Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-9 ubudala: < 24.0 ng/dL
• Ezinganeni ezineminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweyi-11 ubudala: < 15.0 ng/dL
• Ezinganeni ezineminyaka engu-12 kuya kwengu-14 ubudala: < 22.0 ng/dL
• Kwabasha abaneminyaka engu-15 kuya ku-17: 3.0 – 32.0 ng/dL
• Abantu abadala abaneminyaka engu-18 kuya kwengu-99 ubudala: 3.1 – 35.4 ng/dL

Uma ubheka amazinga e-aldosterone ekuhlolweni komchamo kwamahora angama-24, izinga elijwayelekile liphakathi kwama-microgram angu-3 kuya kwangu-25 emahoreni angama-24 (3 kuya kwangu-25 mcg/amahora angama-24).

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-aldosterone enyuka?

Uma amazinga e-aldosterone ephakeme kunokuvamile, sikubiza ngokuthi i-hyperaldosteronism .

Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu yi -Primary Aldosteronism , eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Conn's syndrome . Lesi simo sibangelwa isimila esingeyona umdlavuza (esingenabungozi) esivame ukuvela kwenye yezindlala zakho ze-adrenal.Lokhu kubangela ukuthi indlala ikhiqize i-aldosterone eningi kunalokho okufanele. Lapho amazinga e-aldosterone enyuka, amazinga e-sodium ayanda ( hypernatremia ) kanye namazinga e-potassium ayancipha ( hypokalemia ). Lokhu kungabangela ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte.

Izimpawu ze-aldosterone ephezulu

Uma kwenzeka i-aldosteronism eyinhloko, okungukuthi, lapho amazinga e-aldosterone ekhuphuka, izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension)
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha , ikakhulukazi uma amazinga e-potassium ephansi kakhulu
• Ukoma kakhulu kanye nokuchama njalo

Uma unalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kwenzekani uma amazinga e-aldosterone ehla?

Uma amazinga e-aldosterone ephansi kunokuvamile, sikubiza ngokuthi i-hypoaldosteronism . Lokhu kuwukuntuleka kwe-aldosterone, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwayo. Uma amazinga e-aldosterone ephansi, amazinga e-sodium ayancipha ( i-hyponatremia ), amazinga e-potassium ayanda ( i-hyperkalemia ), futhi umzimba ukhiqiza i-asidi eningi kakhulu ( i-metabolic acidosis ).

Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona ze-hypoaldosteronism:

• Isifo sika-Addison: Lesi yisimo esingavamile. Sibizwa nangokuthi i-Primary Adrenal Insufficiency . Yisifo esibangelwa yi-autoimmune . Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho ahlasela ingxenye engaphandle (i-cortex) yezindlala ze-adrenal. Womabili ama-hormone i-aldosterone ne -cortisol akhiqizwa lapho. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amazinga ama-hormone womabili ehle.
• I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH): Leli yiqembu lezifo zofuzo ezithinta izindlala ze-adrenal. Abantu abane-CAH bazalwa benokuntuleka kwama-enzyme athile adingekayo ukwenza ama-hormone akhiqizwa yizindlala ze-adrenal.
• Izimo ezithile zempilo: Abantu abanesifo sikashukela, isifo sezinso, ubuthi bomthofu, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezingathi sína bangaba ne-hypoaldosteronism.
• Eminye imithi: Imithi engeyona eye-steroidal elwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) , i-HeparinLesi simo singabangelwa nayimithi enikezwa ukwelapha isifo senhliziyo.

Izimpawu ze-aldosterone ephansi

Ngokuvamile, amazinga aphansi e-aldosterone (i-Hypoaldosteronism) angabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Umfutho wegazi ophansi (i-Hypotension)
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha
• Isicanucanu
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia)

Kuye ngembangela ye-hypoaldosteronism yakho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezengeziwe. Isibonelo, kwisifo sika-Addison, amazinga aphansi e-cortisol angabangela izinguquko zesikhumba (njengamabala amnyama nokugoba kwesikhumba) kanye namazinga aphansi kashukela egazini ( hypoglycemia ).

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Aldosterone iyi-hormone ebalulekile ekulawuleni umfutho wegazi. Uma unenkinga yokugcina umfutho wegazi uphilile futhi unezinguquko emazingeni akho e-potassium egazini, kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinye izindlela zokuphatha umfutho wegazi kanye nokuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Angabe ese-oda ukuhlolwa ukuze abone ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibangelwa amazinga e-aldosterone angajwayelekile.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luwusizo kuwe! Hlala uphilile!

I- Aldosterone, i-Aldosterone, i-Hormone, umfutho wegazi, izindlala ze-adrenal, i-sodium, i-potassium