Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi une-high blood pressure, noma "ingcindezi" njengoba sonke sikwazi? Noma ingabe uthatha imithi yesifo senhliziyo? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi "ACE inhibitor". Lolu uhlobo olubalulekile lomuthi odokotela abavame ukulunikeza. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kalula nangobungane ngalolu hlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi i-ACE inhibitor, ukuthi lusebenza kanjani, izinzuzo zalo, ukungalungi, nezinto okufanele uziqaphele ngenkathi ulusebenzisa.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zithiyo ze-ACE?
Ama-ACE Inhibitors, noma ama-Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ayiqembu lemithi esiza ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi lakho nokuvikela izinso zakho . Odokotela basebenzisa lolu hlobo lwemithi ukwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Lezi yizimo eziyinhloko lapho lo muthi usiza khona:
- Yelapha Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme: Njengoba sonke sazi, lawula umfutho wegazi lakho.
- Yelapha Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele.
- Ngemva Kokuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo: Ukusiza ekululameni nokuvimbela ukuphinda kwenzeke ngemva kokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.
- Vimbela futhi uphathe izifo zezinso kubantu abanesifo sikashukela: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekunciphiseni umonakalo ezinso obangelwa isifo sikashukela.
- Zigweme kulabo abasengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo kanye nesifo sohlangothi.
- Lokhu kusetshenziselwa nezinye izifo zezinso (isib. i-nephrotic syndrome, i-proteinuria) ezenzeka ngisho nakubantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela.
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Isebenza njengoba igama layo lisho. Cabanga ukuthi imizimba yethu ikhiqiza ngokwemvelo i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) . Le enzyme iguqula ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Angiotensin I ibe yinye ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-Angiotensin II .
Manje, lo muntu obizwa nge-Angiotensin II uyisici esiyinhloko esiqinisa imithambo yegazi yethu, sinyuse umfutho wegazi, futhi sinciphise nokukhishwa kukasawoti namanzi ezinso.
Ngakho-ke lokho okwenziwa umuthi wethu wokuvimbela i-ACE ukuvimbela umsebenzi waleyo enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-ACE . Ngemuva kwalokho ukukhiqizwa kwe-Angiotensin II kwehla. Ngenxa yalokho, imithambo yegazi yakho iyavuleka futhi iphumule, usawoti namanzi okungadingekile kukhishwa ezinso, futhi ekugcineni umfutho wegazi ulawulwa kahle. Kalula nje, yilokho okwenzekayo.
Izinhlobo ezivamile zama-ACE inhibitors
Le mithi itholakala emakethe ngamagama ahlukene. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma leyo ekufanele. Ezinye izibonelo yilezi:
- I-Benazepril
- I-Captopril
- I-Enalapril
- I-Lisinopril
- I-Ramipril
- I-Perindopril
- I-Quinapril
Iningi lalawa liza ngesimo samaphilisi okufanele uwaphuze ngomlomo.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nemiphumela emibi yalo muthi?
Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza odokotela bavame ukuncoma lolu hlobo lomuthi.
- Kusebenza kahle kakhulu: Impumelelo yalokhu ifakazelwe ngocwaningo lwesayensi.
- Kuvimbela izifo: Ngaphezu kokwelapha isifo esivele sikhona, kusiza nokuvimbela izimo zesikhathi esizayo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
- Isebenza kahle neminye imithi: Ngezinye izikhathi le mithi iza ngephilisi elilodwa, ihlanganiswe neminye imithi yomfutho wegazi.
- Ngokuvamile kuphephile: Imiphumela emibi ivame ukuba mincane. Imiphumela emibi emibi ayivamile.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|
| Imiphumela emibi engavamile |
|
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi. Angakushintsha uye komunye umuthi, ikakhulukazi uma into efana nokukhwehlela okomile ikukhathaza.Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi wedwa.
Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule uma usebenzisa umuthi
- Isikhathi Sokuthatha Umuthi: Amanye ama-ACE inhibitors anconywa udokotela wakho ukuthi athathwe cishe ihora ngaphambi kokudla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukudla kunganciphisa ukumuncwa komuthi cishe ngo-30%-40%. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho njalo.
- Uma uphuthelwe umthamo: Thatha umthamo ophuthelwe ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze "ufinyelele izinga elifanele." Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela umfutho wegazi lakho wehle kakhulu.
- Ungavuki ngokuzumayo: Uma uqala ukuthatha lo muthi, ungase uzizwe unesiyezi uma usukuma ngokuzumayo uhleli noma ulele phansi. Ngakho-ke linda isikhashana bese uvuka kancane.
- Yisebenzise njalo: Qhubeka uthatha umuthi njengoba uqondiswe udokotela wakho. Ukuwuyeka kungazelelwe kungabangela ukwanda okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi, okungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.
- Qaphela ngeminye imithi: Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu (ama-NSAID - isibonelo, i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac), engase ihlangane nalo muthi.
- Usawoti kanye ne-Potassium: Odokotela bacebisa ukunciphisa usawoti ekudleni kwakho. Futhi, buza udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izinto ezithatha indawo kasawoti eziqukethe i-potassium.
Kunini lapho kufanele ufune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha?
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, iya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU) noma ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Lezi kungaba izimpawu zesimo esibucayi.
| Izimo Eziphuthumayo - Hlala uqaphile! | |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuvukala kobuso, umlomo, ulimi, noma umphimbo | Lokhu kuwuphawu lokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba okubizwa ngokuthi i-Angioedema. Kungabangela ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba okukhulu | Ukuqunjelwa, ukulunywa okukhulu, ubunzima bokugwinya noma ukuphefumula. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi noma ukuquleka | Kungaba uphawu lomfutho wegazi ophansi ngendlela eyingozi. |
| I-Jaundice | Ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwenkinga enkulu yesibindi. |
| Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi | Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukungazweli engalweni, ubunzima bokukhuluma. |
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zemithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu, ngakho kungaba nzima ukuyiqonda yonke. Ama-ACE inhibitors ayisinqumo sokuqala sodokotela, futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi aphephile. Uma unemibuzo mayelana nale mithi, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho futhi umchazele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-ACE inhibitors ayimithi ebaluleke kakhulu enikezwa ukuvikela umfutho wegazi ophakeme, izifo zenhliziyo, kanye nesifo sezinso.
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha umuthi njengoba udokotela emyalile, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangesilinganiso esifanele.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Ukukhwehlela okomile kuyimiphumela emibi evamile. Uma kukukhathaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinzima njengokuvuvukala kobuso noma umphimbo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngokushesha.
- Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa, lo muthi awunconywa. Tshela udokotela wakho.
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