Akudingeki sikhulume ngezinkinga esizitholayo uma sithola umkhuhlane. Sinekhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, izinhlungu zomzimba, umkhuhlane omncane, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, sinokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke, kungaba kuhle kangakanani uma singathola ikhambi lakho konke lokhu ebhodleleni elilodwa lomuthi? Uma siya ekhemisi, kunemithi eminingi efika ebhodleleni elifanayo, ethi "yomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomkhuhlane." Namuhla, sikhuluma ngomunye umuthi ohlanganisiwe osetshenziswa kakhulu.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngalo muthi?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yemithi emithathu. Lokho kusho ukuthi kunemisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko emuthini owodwa. Ake sibone ukuthi iyini.
1. I-Acetaminophen: Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abajwayelene nayo. Futhi iyisithako esifanayo ku-Panadol, esivame ukusisebenzisa emkhuhlaneni nasezinhlungwini zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, i-acetaminophen kulesi sakhi inciphisa umkhuhlane futhi inciphise ubuhlungu.
2. I-Chlorpheniramine: Lokhu kungokwesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-antihistamine. Kalula nje, isetshenziselwa ukulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba. Isiza ukulawula izinto ezifana nekhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, namehlo anamanzi ngesikhathi somkhuhlane.
3. I-Dextromethorphan: Lona umuthi wokunciphisa ukukhwehlela. Usebenza ngokucindezela isikhungo sokukhwehlela ebuchosheni, unciphise ukukhwehlela okuvamile, okubuhlungu nokomile.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lo muthi ulawula izimpawu zakho kuphela. Lokho kusho ukuthi awubulali igciwane elibangela umkhuhlane futhi welaphe lesi sifo. Kufana nokubamba ibhakede lapho uphahla luvuza. Ukuvuza akumi, kodwa kuvimbela umhlabathi ukuthi ungabi manzi. Lokhu kwenza into efanayo.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Njengoba lo muthi ungathengwa ekhemisi ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi noma ubani angawusebenzisa nganoma iyiphi indlela ayifunayo. Kodwa lokho kuyiphutha elingalungile. Uma unezinkinga zempilo ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa lo muthi.
- Isifo sesibindi noma sezinso: I-Acetaminophen, isithako esikulo muthi, icutshungulwa kakhulu yisibindi. Uma unesibindi esibuthakathaka, lo muthi ungabangela umonakalo omkhulu wesibindi. Ungathinta nabantu abanesifo sezinso.
- I-asthma noma ezinye izifo zokuphefumula (i-COPD): Uma unesifo esifana ne-asthma, ngezinye izikhathi i-antihistamine ekulo muthi ingaqinisa i-mucus futhi yenze kube nzima ukuyikhwehlela.
- Isimo se-Glaucoma:Lesi simo, esibangela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo okwenyuka, singase sibhebhetheke kakhulu yi-chlorpheniramine.
- Izinkinga ze-prostate: Lo muthi ungenza kube nzima ukuchama, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa asebekhulile abane-prostate ekhuphukile.
- Izinkinga zesistimu yokugaya ukudla: Tshela udokotela wakho uma unezinkinga ngamathumbu akho, njengezilonda.
- Uma uphuza utshwala njalo: Amathuba okulimala kwesibindi uma kuhlanganiswe notshwala aphezulu kakhulu.
- Uma uthatha imithi ye-MAOI: Lena uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukwelapha izimo ezifana nokucindezeleka (isib. uMarplan, uNardil). Kuyingozi kakhulu ukuthatha lo muthi womkhuhlane zingakapheli amasonto amabili uthatha umuthi we-MAOI.
- Uma ungumama okhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa: Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, thatha noma yimuphi umuthi kuphela ngokweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo: Izithako zalo muthi zingadluliselwa enganeni yakho ngobisi lwebele.
- Uma une-allergies kweminye imithi, ukudla, noma izinto ezithile.
Uyisebenzisa kanjani kahle le mithi?
Ukuze umuthi usebenze kahle, kumele uthathwe ngesilinganiso esifanele nangendlela efanele.
- Shukumisa kahle: Njengoba lesi kuyisiraphu, udinga ukushukumisa kahle ibhodlela ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi izithako zixubene kahle nokuthi umthamo ngamunye uqukethe inani elifanayo.
- Sebenzisa isilinganiso esifanele: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Sebenzisa kuphela isipuni esikhethekile, inkomishi, noma i-syringe (i-dropper) eza nebhodlela lomuthi, elibhalwe ngama-milliliters (ml). Ungalingi umuthi ngesipuni setiye noma ngesipuni esisisebenzisa ukwenza ukudla ekhaya. Azinembile. Uma wenza kanjalo, ungathola umuthi omncane futhi umuthi ngeke usebenze, noma ungathola umuthi owengeziwe futhi ube nemiphumela emibi eyingozi.
- Uma kunikezwa izingane: Nakuba lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi unconywa ezinganeni ezingaphezu kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala, kufanele unikezwe kuphela ngokwelulekwa udokotela. Umthamo uyahlukahluka kuye ngesisindo nobudala bengane.
- Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala: Abantu asebekhulile bangase babe nemiphumela emibi kakhulu (njengokozela kanye nesiyezi), ngakho-ke umthamo ophansi uvame ukunconywa.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuza ngokweqile?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uphuze umuthi omningi kunalokho okucabangayo, noma ngabe awunazo izimpawu, kufanele uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha. Ukweqisa i-acetaminophen kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi, futhi izimpawu zingase zingabonakali amahora amaningi.
Ngakho-ke, shesha uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Ngaphandle kwalokho, shayela i-National Poison Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Eminye imithi okungafanele ithathwe nalo muthi
Eminye imithi ingathintana uma ithathwa ndawonye. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Drug Interactions. Ngakho-ke, uma uthatha lo muthi womkhuhlane, qaphela kakhulu ngemithi elandelayo.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Umthelela ongaba khona |
|---|---|
| Izinto okungafanele zithathwe ndawonye | |
| Imithi ye-MAOI (njengeMarplan, Nardil, Parnate) | Izimo ezisongela ukuphila ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye ne-serotonin syndrome. |
| Izinto okufanele uziqaphele kakhulu lapho uthatha ndawonye | |
| Utshwala | Ukozela okukhulu kanye nesiyezi. Futhi kwandisa ukulimala kwesibindi. |
| Amaphilisi okulala noma okulala | Ukulala ngokweqile, ukudideka. |
| Eminye imithi yokungezwani komzimba noma yomkhuhlane | Imithamo yemithi inganda futhi imiphumela emibi (ukozela, umlomo owomile) inganda. |
| Imithi yobuhlungu edakayo | Kungaba nobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokulala ngokweqile. |
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Ngakho ungasebenzisaTshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi (kufaka phakathi amavithamini nemikhiqizo yamakhambi) .
Ezinye izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Ukozela kanye nesiyezi: Lo muthi ungakwenza uzizwe ulele futhi unesiyezi. Ngakho-ke , ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lo muthi uthinta kanjani wena.
- Ingozi ye-Acetaminophen: Lokhu kuyinto edinga ukukhunjuzwa njalo.
Khumbula, uma uthatha lo muthi, ungawuthathi omunye umuthi oqukethe i-Acetaminophen (isibonelo, i-Panadol). Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi. Uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi omunye umuthi owuthathayo uqukethe i-Acetaminophen, buza udokotela wakho.
- Ukusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba: Akuvamile, abanye abantu bangase babe nokusabela okukhulu kwesikhumba ngemva kokusebenzisa lo muthi amasonto ambalwa. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uvela amabhamuza abomvu noma onsomi esikhumbeni sakho kanye nomkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomzimba, isikhumba esixebukayo, noma ukuvuvukala kobuso noma izindebe zakho.
- Umlomo owomile: Kuvamile ukuzwa umlomo owomile ngale mithi. Lokhu kungalawulwa ngokuhlafuna itshungama engenashukela, ukumunca iswidi, noma ukuphuza amanzi amaningi njalo.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo muthi ungabangela imiphumela emibi. Eminye yayo iyingozi, eminye ayibi kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lomphumela ongemuhle | Izici |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela ngokushesha | |
| Ukungezwani komzimba okukhulu | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi, nobunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Izimpawu zokulimala kwesibindi | Umchamo ophuzi/onsundu omnyama, ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba, ubuhlungu engxenyeni engenhla kwesokudla yesisu, ukukhathala okukhulu. |
| Ama-blister esikhumba noma isikhumba esixebukayo | Amabala abomvu noma ansomi esikhumbeni, amabhamuza, izilonda emlonyeni. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama | Akukho noma ukuchama okuncane. |
| I-Serotonin Syndrome | Ukungaphumuli, ukudideka, isifo sohudo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukuqina kwemisipha, umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukujuluka. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu (kodwa okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka) | |
| Ukozela, isiyezi | Kungase kunciphe njengoba umzimba ujwayela imithi. |
| Umlomo owomile | Kungalawulwa ngamanzi okuphuza. |
| Ukungalali noma ukungahlaliseki | Abanye abantu bangase babe nalesi simo esikhundleni sokozela. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Le nhlanganisela yemithi isetshenziswa kuphela ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, impumulo egobhozayo kanye nokukhwehlela. Ayibulali igciwane elibangela lesi sifo.
- Sebenzisa njalo idivayisi ethile yokulinganisa (isipuni, inkomishi) eza nomuthi ukuze uyilinganise. Ungasebenzisi izipuni zasekhaya.
- Ungathathi omunye umuthi oqukethe i-acetaminophen (isib. i-Panadol) ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Lokhu kungabangela ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi.
- Gwema ukushayela nokwenza imisebenzi edinga ukuqaphela, njengoba kungase kube nobuthongo ngemva kokuthatha umuthi.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha onazo (ikakhulukazi isibindi, izinso, i-asthma, i-glaucoma) kanye nayo yonke eminye imithi oyiphuzayo.
- Uma kusolwa ukuthi uphuze ngokweqile, noma ngabe azikho izimpawu, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze noma uxhumane neNational Poison Information Centre.
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