Uma udokotela ekutshela wena noma ingane yakho ukuthi une-ADHD ( Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ), sivame ukugxila kulokho kuphela, akunjalo? Kodwa bewazi ukuthi i-ADHD ngokuvamile ayizenzekeli nje? Abantu abadala nezingane ezine-ADHD bangaba nezinye izinkinga zempilo eziningana ezihambisana nayo. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi ezinye izimo kungaba nzima ukuzihlukanisa ngoba izimpawu zazo zifana kakhulu nezimpawu ze-ADHD. Ngakho-ke, uma wena noma ingane yakho nine-ADHD, kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imizwa noma ukuziphatha okukukhathazayo. Kulapho kuphela lapho udokotela wakho anganquma khona ukuthi lesi yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-ADHD nokucindezeleka
Kuvamile ukuzizwa udangele futhi ukhungathekile ngezinye izikhathi ngoba une-ADHD. Kodwa esikhuluma ngakho lapha ukucindezeleka kwengqondo, okuyisimo esihlukile nesibucayi kakhulu. Kungaba nzima ngokwanele ukuthi kuthinte imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, njengomsebenzi, umsebenzi wesikole, umndeni, kanye nobudlelwano bezenhlalo.
Ucwaningo lusikisela ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-70% abane-ADHD bazofuna ukwelashwa kokucindezeleka ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo.
Ungakubona kanjani ukucindezeleka kubantu abadala nasezinganeni?
Lesi simo singathinta abantu abadala nezingane. Kodwa-ke, kungaba nzima ukubona ukucindezeleka ezinganeni ngoba izimpawu zako zingahlanganisa ukuqhuma kwentukuthelo njalo kanye nokusebenza ngokweqile . Lezi futhi ziyizimpawu ze-ADHD, ngakho kulula ukuzidida zombili.
Naka izimpawu ezikuthebula elingezansi. Uma lezi ziqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, ungacabangi nje ukuthi yi-ADHD. Qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho futhi uxoxe ngakho.
| Izimpawu ezivamile zokucindezeleka | |
|---|---|
| Imizwa | Ukuzizwa udabukile, ungenathemba, noma ungenalutho cishe usuku lonke. |
| Ukuzimisela/Injabulo | Iqiniso lokuthi angisafuni ukwenza lutho ngangilijabulela manje. |
| Isisindo somzimba | Ukwehla noma ukukhuluphala okukhulu ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokulawula ukudla. |
| Ukulala | Ukuzizwa ulele njalo emini futhi ungakwazi ukulala ebusuku. |
| Ukuziphatha | Imisebenzi evame ukungabi namsebenzi njengokuhambahamba ngokunganaki nokugoqa izandla. |
Uma ingane inokucindezeleka, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa kokuziphatha kanye nangezinye izikhathi ngemithi.
I-ADHD nezinkinga zokulala
Izinkinga zokulala zivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abane-ADHD, kanye nasezinganeni. Eqinisweni, izingane ezine-ADHD zinamathuba amabili noma amathathu okuba nezinkinga zokulala kunezingane ezingenayo i-ADHD. Kungani kunzima kangaka ukulala kahle ebusuku nge-ADHD? Ososayensi abakabi nayo impendulo eqondile, kodwa bathole ukuthi izici eziningana zingadlala indima.
| Izizathu ezithinta ubuthongo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izikhuthazi | Ikhofi iyisikhuthazi, njengoba kunjalo nangeminye imithi ye-ADHD. Le mithi ingakugcina uphapheme ebusuku. |
| Ukucindezeleka Nokukhathazeka | Zombili lezi zimo zempilo yengqondo zivamile kwi-ADHD futhi zingabangela ukungakwazi ukulala. |
| Isifo Semilenze Engaphumli | Lesi yisimo sezinzwa. Uzizwa ungakhululekile emilenzeni yakho uma uphumule, futhi uzizwa udinga ukuhambisa imilenze yakho ukuze unciphise ukungakhululeki. |
| Ukuphefumula Okungalali Kahle | Lokhu kufaka phakathi izimo ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ekuhoneni kuya ekuphefumuleni okubangelwa ubuthongo, okuthinta cishe ama-30% ezingane ezine-ADHD. |
| Izinkinga Zokulala Ze-Circadian-Rhythm | Kalula nje, iwashi lethu lomzimba alisebenzi kahle. Lokho kusho ukuthi umzimba ujwayela umjikelezo wokulala sekwephuzile nokuvuka sekwephuzile kunokuvamile. |
Ochwepheshe bathi ukuzama ukuthuthukisa ubuthongo kufanele kube yingxenye yohlelo lokwelashwa nge-ADHD.
Lezi zinto zizokusiza ulale kangcono:
- Thuthukisa imikhuba emihle yokulala : Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi afana namafoni namathebulethi ngaphambi kokulala. Zijwayeze ukulala nokuvuka ngesikhathi esifanayo. Nciphisa izinto ezifana nekhofi netiye.
- Lungisa ikamelo lokulala: Gcina igumbi lipholile futhi limnyama.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Vivinya umzimba kahle emini. Kodwa ungazivivinyi zingakapheli amahora amathathu ngaphambi kokulala.
- Ukudla : Ungadli uze uqede isikhathi sokulala.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi uthathe amaphilisi okulala noma izithasiselo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
Izinkinga Zokuziphatha Ezinzima
Abanye abantu abane-ADHD, ikakhulukazi izingane, bangase babe nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu zokuziphatha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi.
1. Isifo Sokungezwani No ...
2. Ukuphazamiseka Kokuziphatha (CD): Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kungelashwa, i-ODD ingakhula ibe yisimo se-CD esibi kakhulu. Lokhu kungathinta izingane ezingafika ku-25% ezine-ADHD kanye no-45% wezingane ezincane.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuthola izimpawu zazo zombili lezi zimo. Uma ubona into efana nale enganeni yakho,Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela ngakho ngokushesha okukhulu. Lezi zimo zingalawulwa ngezinto ezifana nokuqeqesha abazali nokuthola ukwesekwa esikoleni.
| Izimpawu ze-Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) | Izimpawu Zokuphazamiseka Kokuziphatha (CD) |
|---|---|
| Kungazelelwe ngithukuthela ngaphandle kwesizathu. | Ukuziphatha okunolaka kwabanye abantu noma izilwane. |
| Ukuphikisana njalo nabantu abadala. | Ukubhujiswa kwempahla. |
| Ukungathandi ukulandela izicelo noma imithetho yabantu abadala. | Ubusela. |
| Ukuthukuthelisa abanye ngamabomu. | Ukugxuma esikoleni. |
| Ukusola abanye ngamaphutha abo. | (okunzima kakhulu kune-ODD, ukuziphatha okungekuhle) |
| Ukuzizwa uthukuthele njalo, unenzondo, noma unemicabango yokuziphindiselela. |
Ezinye izinkinga zempilo
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinkinga ezinkulu, kunezinye izimo eziningana ezingathinta abantu abane-ADHD.
- Ukuphazamiseka Kwemizwa: Isimo sakho sengqondo singase sishintshe ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile futhi sivame ukushintsha phakathi kwezinto ezingavamile (isib. injabulo enkulu nokudabuka okukhulu).
- Ukukhathazeka: Ukukhathazeka kakhulu ngezinkinga zempilo. Lokhu kungaholela ekucasukeni, ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathaleni.
- Ukuphazamiseka Kobuntu:Uma kwenzeka into engalindelekile, kungaba nzima ukuyijwayela. Ungase usabele ngezindlela abanye abazizwa zingajwayelekile noma ezibuhlungu, futhi kungaba nzima ukwakha ubudlelwano obuhle.
- Ukwesaba Ukuba Semphakathini: Ukwesaba nokukhathazeka ngokuya ezindaweni lapho uzoba khona eduze kwabanye abantu, njengasesikoleni noma emsebenzini.
- Ukukhathazeka Ngokuhlukana: Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile uma ungekho emndenini noma uma ucabanga ukuthi uzoba kude nawo.
- Izinkinga Zokufunda: Cishe ingxenye yezingane ezine-ADHD zingase zibe nokukhubazeka kokufunda. Lokhu kusho ukuthi zifunda futhi zisebenzise ulwazi olusha ngendlela ehlukile. Izinkinga zokufunda (i-dyslexia) nezinkinga zezibalo (i-dyscalculia) zivamile.
- Ukwenqatshwa kwe-Sensitive Dysphoria (RSD): Nakuba kungaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengesifo sengqondo, lokhu kuyiqoqo lezimpawu ezivamile. Ukusabela ngokomzwelo ngokweqile ekuhlulekeni ukufeza okulindelwe ngumuntu noma abanye, noma ekugxekweni.
Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho konke lokhu futhi ufunde ngezimpawu eziyisixwayiso zalezi zimo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingase zikuthinte wena noma ingane yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD akuyona inkinga evame ukwenzeka yodwa. Ingabangela nezinye izinkinga, njengokucindezeleka, izinkinga zokulala, nezinkinga zokuziphatha.
- Hlala uqaphele izinguquko esimweni sakho sengqondo noma sengane yakho, ezindleleni zokulala, noma ekuziphatheni.
- Ungamane nje ukukuchilize ngokuthi "konke lokhu kuyi-ADHD." Kungaba yisimo esidinga ukwelashwa okuhlukile.
- Khuluma ngokukhululekile nangokwethembeka nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zincane kangakanani. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuxilongweni nasekulashweni okufanele.
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