Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi uhlolwe igazi le-AFP? Uma uzwa igama, ungase wesabe kancane, uzibuze, 'Ingabe lokhu ukuhlolwa kokufuna umdlavuza?' Kuyiqiniso, lokhu ukuhlolwa okusetshenziswa njengophawu lwesimila. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Akuwona njalo lapho izinga le-AFP liphakanyisiwe, okusho ukuthi unomdlavuza. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngokuthi lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-AFP kuyini, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi ungakuqonda kanjani kalula lokho okushiwo umbiko.
Iyini ngempela i-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
Kalula nje, i-AFP uhlobo lweprotheni etholakala egazini lethu. Ngokuvamile, umuntu omdala onempilo unenani elincane kakhulu lale protheni ye-AFP emzimbeni wakhe. Ikhiqizwa kakhulu yisibindi somntwana osesiswini. Ngakho-ke, kuvamile ukuthi umama okhulelwe abe namazinga aphezulu e-AFP egazini lakhe.
Kodwa-ke, uma izinga le-AFP egazini lomuntu omdala liphakeme kakhulu, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kungase kube nenkinga ngento ethile emzimbeni wethu, ikakhulukazi esibindini . Kodwa khumbula, ukuba nezinga le-AFP eliphakeme akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesifo esibi. Abanye abantu abaphilile bangase babe ne-AFP eningi emizimbeni yabo kunabanye.
Kungani udokotela ekucela ukuthi wenze lolu vivinyo lwe-AFP?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa. Nakuba kungenakukutshela ngokushesha ukuthi yisiphi isifo onaso, kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu enkambisweni yokuxilonga.
| Isizathu sokuhlola | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuthola imbangela yeqhubu emzimbeni | Uma uneqhubu esibindini sakho, emasendeni, noma emaqanda, lolu vivinyo lungasiza ekutholeni imbangela. |
| Ukuhlela ukwelashwa komdlavuza | Uma umuntu etholakala enomdlavuza, ukwazi leli zinga le-AFP kubalulekile ukuze kutholakale ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu. |
| Ukulinganisa impumelelo yokwelashwa | Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza, odokotela bahlola njalo amazinga e-AFP ukuze babone ukuthi ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle kangakanani. Uma ukwelashwa kuphumelele, izinga le-AFP kufanele lehle. |
| Ukuhlola ukuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye yini | Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa futhi ukuhlola ukuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye yini ngemva kokwelashwa. Izinga eliphezulu le-AFP lingaba yinkomba yalokhu ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu. |
Ulwenza kanjani lolu vivinyo?
Kulula kakhulu. Kungenziwa ehhovisi likadokotela wakho noma esibhedlela. Umuntu ofanelekayo uzofika athathe inani elincane legazi elivela emthanjeni ongalweni yakho alifake esirinji encane. Kufana nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile. Uzozwa ubuhlungu obuncane lapho inaliti ifakwa, kodwa kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela. Ungase ube nokuklwebheka lapho igazi likhishwe khona, kodwa lokho kuzophela ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Isampula yegazi lakho lizothunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kulinganiswe izinga lakho le-AFP.
Ngiziqonda kanjani izindinganiso ezisembikweni?
Odokotela balinganisa i-AFP ngamayunithi abizwa ngokuthi ama-nanograms nge-milliliter (ng/mL). Yilokhu okuzofakwa ohlwini kanye nenani lakho embikweni wakho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukungesabi uma ubona ukuthi izinga lakho le-AFP liphezulu. Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuthola imbangela eqondile. Udokotela wakho kuphela ongakunikeza incazelo engcono kakhulu yombiko wakho.
Amazinga aphezulu e-AFP angabangelwa hhayi umdlavuza kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinye izimo zesibindi, njenge-hepatitis kanye ne-cirrhosis. Ngezinye izikhathi, amazinga e-AFP anganda okwesikhashana ngemva kokulimala kwesibindi, ngisho noma selulama.
Ithebula elingezansi linikeza umbono ophelele wokuthi amazinga e-AFP angasho ukuthini. Kodwa-ke, lesi akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha.
| Izinga le-AFP (ng/mL) | Incazelo engaba khona (lokhu kumane kungumqondo ongejwayelekile) |
|---|---|
| 0 - 8 ng/mL | Kubhekwa njengezinga elijwayelekile kubantu abadala abaningi abanempilo enhle. |
| 8 - 200 ng/mL | Kungaba yisimo sesibindi (i-hepatitis, i-cirrhosis), ukulimala kwesibindi, noma mhlawumbe isigaba sokuqala somdlavuza. Kudingeka ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe (isib., ama-scan) ukuqinisekisa imbangela. |
| Ngaphezu kuka-200 ng/mL (uma usuvele unesifo sesibindi) | Lokhu kwanda kwamazinga e-AFP kumuntu osevele enesifo sesibindi njenge-cirrhosis kuphakamisa izinsolo ezinamandla zomdlavuza wesibindi. |
| Iphakeme kakhulu, ingaphezu kuka-500 - 1,000 ng/mL | Amazinga aphezulu kakhulu afana nalawa avame ukuba uphawu lokuba khona kohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi lawo ahlobene nesibindi, amasende, noma ama-ovari). |
Iyini ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-AFP-L3%?
Ake sithi i-AFP yakho iphakeme kancane, kodwa isengaphansi kuka-200 ng/mL. Ikakhulukazi uma unesifo sesibindi esidala njenge-cirrhosis, udokotela wakho angase afune ukuchaza kabanzi imbangela yokuphakama kwe-AFP. Yilapho-ke ukuhlolwa kwe -AFP-L3% kuba usizo khona.
Lokhu kulinganisa iphesenti lohlobo oluthile lwe-AFP olubizwa nge-AFP-L3 egazini lakho. Uma leli phesenti lingu-10% noma ngaphezulu, kusho ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza wesibindi esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzokuqapha kakhulu futhi akuhlole njalo ukuze athole izimpawu zomdlavuza.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-AFP iyiprotheni elinganiswa egazini. Amazinga aphezulu alokhu angabangelwa yizizathu ezahlukahlukene, futhi akusho njalo umdlavuza.
- Umuntu ongcono kakhulu wokuqonda imiphumela yalolu vivinyo udokotela wakho. Ungesabi bese ufinyelela iziphetho ezisekelwe embikweni noma kwi-inthanethi.
- Uma inani le-AFP liphezulu, udokotela uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe (isib., amaskeni) ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile.
- Lokhu kuhlolwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukukala impumelelo yokwelashwa komdlavuza nokubona ukuthi lesi sifo siyaphinda yini ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, xoxa ngakho konke ngokucacile nodokotela wakho.
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