Cabanga ukuthi bekungaba yinto esabekayo kanjani uma ungahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi ngokuzumayo. Inkinga enkulu ngalezi zikhathi amahlule egazi ayingozi akhiwa ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yomzimba wethu. Uma leli hlule legazi libhajwa emthanjeni othwala igazi liye enhliziyweni noma ebuchosheni, lingabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Esikhathini esibucayi kangaka empilweni, sikhuluma ngomuthi onamandla kakhulu, okhethekile ongancibilikisa lawo mahlule egazi futhi usindise izimpilo.
Kuyini i-Alteplase?
Kalula nje, i-Alteplase umuthi ofakwa emthanjeni futhi usetshenziswa kuphela ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuncibilikisa amahlule egazi akheke ezindaweni eziyingozi emzimbeni. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-clot buster".
Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo , imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni ivinjwa yi-blood clot. Ngokufanayo, lapho kwenzeka isifo sohlangothi , i-blood clot ivame ukuvimba i-blood clot ehambisa igazi ebuchosheni. Uma leli qhubu legazi lincibilika ngokushesha ngokunikeza umuthi i-Alteplase, linganciphisa umonakalo enhliziyweni noma ebuchosheni, landise ikhono lesiguli lokululama, futhi linciphise ingozi yokukhubazeka.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, lo muthi awusiwo ongawuthenga ekhemisi bese uwugcina ekhaya. Unikezwa esibhedlela kuphela, ngaphansi kokuqondisa ngqo kodokotela nabasebenzi abahlengikazi.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokunikeza lo muthi
Ngenxa yokuthi i-Alteplase iyisidakamizwa esinamandla kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela wakho azi umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele ngaphambi kokukunikeza wona. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kungaba yingozi ukunikeza lo muthi umuntu onezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani .
| Isimo sakho sempilo | Kungani isaziso sibalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Ubuthakathaka bodonga lomthambo wegazi (i-Aneurysm) | Kukhona ingozi yokuthi umthambo obuthakathaka uqhume ngenxa yokusebenza komuthi. |
| Izinkinga zokopha noma izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi | Lo muthi ukhulisa kakhulu ingozi yokopha. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva noma i-biopsy | Amanxeba okuhlinzwa angase ophe kakhulu. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongalawuleki | Izimo ezingathi sína njengokuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni zingase zenzeke. |
| Ukulimala ekhanda, isimila sobuchopho, noma isifo sohlangothi sangaphambilini | Ingozi yokopha ngaphakathi kwekhanda iphezulu kakhulu. |
| Ukulimala kwamehlo okubangelwa isifo sikashukela (i-Diabetic Retinopathy) | Kungase kube nokopha emehlweni. |
| Ukukhulelwa, ukuzama ukukhulelwa, noma ukuncelisa | Udokotela kumele anqume ngezingozi ezingaba khona kumama nomntwana. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba nanoma yimuphi omunye umuthi noma ukudla | Ukuvimbela ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi. |
Indlela yokusebenzisa lo muthi nokuthi yini okufanele uyiqaphele
Lomuthi unikezwa njengomjovo nge-cannula efakwe emthanjeni. Lokhu kwenziwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo ngokuphelele.
Ngesikhathi ngithatha umuthi
Uma unikezwa i-Alteplase, isimo sakho sizoqashwa eduze odokotela nabahlengikazi. Ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, nezinye izimpawu ezibalulekile kuzohlolwa njalo. Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ulale embhedeni ukuze unciphise ingozi yokopha.
Ingozi yokopha
Ingozi enkulu nenkulu kakhulu yalo muthi ukopha. I-Alteplase isebenza ngokuncibilikisa amahlule egazi futhi yenze buthaka okwesikhashana inqubo yemvelo yokujiya kwegazi emzimbeni.
- Ngakho-ke , uma uxubha amazinyo akho futhi uhlanza impumulo yakho, kufanele ukwenze ngobumnene nangokucophelela.
- Ngisho nesilonda esincane emzimbeni singabangela ukopha okuningi kunokujwayelekile.
- Ungalokothi uthathe eminye imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu (ikakhulukazi ama-NSAID) njenge -Aspirin ne-Ibuprofen , kanye neminye imithi yokunciphisa igazi njenge-Warfarin ne-Heparin ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela wakho.
Kuthiwani uma umthamo womuthi ukhuphuka?
Njengoba lo muthi unikezwa esibhedlela, akudingeki ukhathazeke ngomthamo. Ubalwa ngokunembile futhi unikezwa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Uma kukhona ukusolakala kokusebenzisa ngokweqile, abasebenzi besibhedlela bazokwazisa ngokushesha i -Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela noma, uma kudingeka , i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital .
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-Alteplase ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Eminye iyingozi kanti eminye ivamile.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho noma kubasebenzi bobuhlengikazi ngokushesha | |
| Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe noma ulimi, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Izimpawu zokopha | Indle emnyama noma ephuzile, umchamo obomvu noma onsundu omnyama, ukuhlanza into efana nekhofi egayiwe, amabala abomvu esikhumbeni, ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile ezinsinini, emehlweni, noma ekhaleni. |
| Izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi | Ukushintsha kombono, ukudideka, ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ukungazweli noma ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe ebusweni, engalweni noma emlenzeni, ubunzima bokuhamba, isiyezi. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuhamba kancane noma okusheshayo ngendlela engavamile. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungabi mibi kakhulu (kodwa okufanele ibikwe uma iqhubeka) | |
| Isiyezi | Kubalulekile ukuvuka kancane uma uvuka embhedeni. |
| Imfiva | Ukushisa komzimba okwenyukayo. |
| Isicanucanu nokuhlanza (Isicanucanu, Ukuhlanza) | Ngokuvamile kuba yisimo sesikhashana. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Alteplase iwumuthi onamandla nosindisa impilo oncibilikisa amahlule egazi ezimweni eziphuthumayo njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
- Lokhu kunikezwa esibhedlela kuphela, ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha. Awuvunyelwe ukuyithatha uye nayo ekhaya noma ukuyisebenzisa wedwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izimo zakho zezokwelapha kanye nayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini namakhambi).
- Ngenxa yokuthi ingozi enkulu yalo muthi ukuphuma kwegazi, uzoqashwa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kanye nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kwalokho.
- Yazisa abasebenzi besibhedlela ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, njengekhanda elibuhlungu, ukopha okungavamile, noma izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Uyini umuthi wokugomela i-Alteplase / tPA / Activase osetshenziselwa wona?
Lona umuthi onamandla kakhulu 'wokubulala amahlule/ukubulala amathambo' emhlabeni! Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiguli sihlaselwa 'yisifo senhliziyo' ngokuzumayo noma sivaleke ubuchopho okubangela ukukhubazeka (ischemic stroke) ngemizuzu embalwa (uma silethwa esibhedlela zingakapheli amahora amathathu kuya kwangu-4.5), umjovo osindisa impilo onikezwa emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo (IV) wesibhedlela ukuze kuncibilikiswe amahlule futhi kusindiswe impilo yesiguli ngo-100%!
💬 Lo mjovo (i-Alteplase) ungawuncibilikisa kanjani ngokushesha ihlule legazi elibhajwe ebuchosheni/enhliziyweni?
Lokhu okwenzayo ukuvula ngamandla umshini wokuncibilikisa umzimba wethu (i-Plasmin)! Ihlule legazi liyakheka lapho amangqamuzana egazi ebhajwa ku-mesh ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Fibrin'. Uma lo mjovo ungena emzimbeni, uthola ukuthi ihlule legazi (i-Tissue Plasminogen Activator) bese uvuselela i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-plasmin ngaphakathi kwawo ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-mesh (i-Fibrin) iyanqunywa ibe yizicucu, incibilike, bese ukujikeleza kwegazi kuqala futhi.
💬 Ngisho noma isiguli sisindiswa yilo muthi wokugomela (tPA), iyiphi ingozi enkulu ebulalayo (Isexwayiso Sebhokisi Elimnyama)?
Ingozi enkulu kakhulu 'i-Intracranial Hemorrhage'! Lokhu kuncibilikisa amahlule egazi, ngakho-ke uma kukhona inxeba elincane noma kuphi emzimbeni, lizoqhubeka liphuma igazi futhi ukuphuma kwegazi ngeke kukwazi ukuyeka. Ngezinye izikhathi umthambo wegazi ebuchosheni uyaqhuma futhi ukukhubazeka kuyathuthuka, kodwa noma isiguli siphuma igazi lingene ebuchosheni, kuyabulala futhi kungabangela ukufa ngokushesha! (Yingakho izinkinga zokuphuma kwegazi/ukucindezeleka zihlolwa ngaphambi kokunikeza lokhu).
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho