Uyawubona umhlaba ngezindlela ezimbili ezahlukene ngamehlo womabili? Ake sixoxe nge (Aniseikonia)!

Wake wazizwa yini ukuthi lokho okubonayo kwelinye iso kukhulu noma kuncane kunalokho okubona kwelinye iso, noma ukuthi ukucaca kuhlukile? Cabanga, uma ushayela emgwaqweni, imoto oyibona kwelinye iso ibonakala inobukhulu obuhlukile kancane kwelinye iso, noma uma ufunda incwadi, izinhlamvu zibonakala zidonseleka eceleni. Lokhu kungaba uphawu oluyisisekelo lwesimo samehlo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla esibizwa ngokuthi i-Aniseikonia (ebizwa ngokuthi "an-i-sei-ko-nia"). Kalula nje, lokhu kungukungafani phakathi kwamehlo akho amabili ngokobukhulu noma ukucaca kwento oyibukayo.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Kuyini (i-Aniseikonia)?

Uma amehlo ethu esebenza kahle, okungukuthi, uma ephilile, isithombe sento ebonwa ngamehlo womabili sithunyelwa ebuchosheni ngokukhulisa okufanayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umehluko mncane kakhulu kangangokuthi ubuchopho bethu bungayilungisa. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu one- Aniseikonia , kunomehluko endleleni amehlo amabili akhulisa ngayo izinto. Ngemuva kwalokho, lokho iso elilodwa elikubonayo kungase kuhluke ngobukhulu noma ngesimo kunalokho elinye iso elikubonayo. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kuba yinkinga enkulu ebuchosheni bethu , ngoba ulwazi oluvela kuwo womabili amehlo alufani.

Cabanga ngalokhu. Uphakathi nendawo, futhi abantu ababili ohlangothini lwakho bamemeza izinto ezimbili ezihlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kungaba nzima kangakanani ngawe ukuqonda zombili, akunjalo? Ungase uphathwe yikhanda. Yilokho okwenzekayo nge -Aniseikonia , kodwa lokhu kumayelana namehlo. Amehlo ethu abalulekile ezintweni eziningi, njengokulinganisela kanye nokuhambisana lapho uhamba, ngakho-ke lesi simo singathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-(Aniseikonia)?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ikakhulukazi:

1. I-aniseikonia ye-optical: Lokhu kubangelwa umehluko endleleni ukukhanya okungena ngayo futhi okuhamba ngayo emehlweni akho. Kalula nje, kuyinkinga ngohlelo lwelensi yeso.

2. I-aniseikonia ye-retinal: Lokhu kubangelwa izinguquko ku -retina , ingxenye yeso eyakha isithombe esisibonayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Aniseikonia?

Uma amehlo ethu esebenza kahle, ubuchopho bungahlanganisa izimpawu ezivela emehlweni womabili bese "buzihlanganisa" ukuze kudalwe isithombe esisodwa nesicacile. Uma kukhona umehluko omncane, ubuchopho bungawulungisa, ngakho-ke uma isimo (i-Aniseikonia) singesibi kakhulu, kungase kungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma umehluko mkhulu, ubuchopho abukwazi ukuwulungisa. Yilapho kuvela khona izimpawu.

Lezi yizimpawu ezivame kakhulu:

• I-Strabismus yisimo sezokwelapha lapho amehlo engabheki khona ohlangothini olufanayo (njenge-cross-eye).
• Ubunzima bokulinganisela nokuhlanganisa: Ungase uzizwe sengathi uyakhubeka lapho uhamba noma awukwazi ukubamba into kahle.
• I-Diplopia: Ukubona izinto ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
• Isiyezi: Umuzwa wokuzungeza.
• Ukucindezeleka kwamehlo noma ukukhathala kwamehlo (i-Asthenopia): Amehlo aqala ukubuhlungu ngokushesha lapho efunda incwadi noma ebuka ikhompyutha.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda: Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuvame ukwenzeka.

Ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane , ubuchopho buzama ukuzivumelanisa nomehluko wokubona phakathi kwamehlo amabili ngoba uhlelo lwawo lokubona alukakathuthuki ngokugcwele. Uma lukhula, luyayeka ukusebenzisa umyalezo ovela esweni elilodwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, iso elingasetshenziswa lingaba "yiso elivilaphayo" (i-Amblyopia) . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umbono kulelo liso uba buthakathaka.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-(Aniseikonia)?

Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona ze-aniseikonia. Kungaba yisimo esisemehlweni akho, okuthile okuhlobene nobuchopho bakho, noma umphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa. Eminye imithi ingabangela ne-aniseikonia. Udokotela wakho wamehlo, udokotela womndeni, noma usokhemisi ungumuntu ongcono kakhulu ongakhuluma naye ngalokhu.

Izizathu eziyinhloko zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana:

Izinguquko ezibonakalayo endleleni ukukhanya okuhamba ngayo esweni

I-Aniseikonia ingabangelwa yizinto ezithinta indlela ukukhanya okudlula ngayo emehlweni akho kungene ku-retina yakho. Izibonelo:

• I-Anisometropia: Ubukhali bokubona belinye iso buhluke kakhulu kobelinye iso.
• Izifo ze-cornea: Ikakhulukazi izimo eziphazamisa ukuma kwe-cornea (Keratoconus) . I-cornea iyi-membrane ecacile ngaphambili kweso.
• Isimo selensi: Ama-cataract esweni elilodwa kuphela, noma ilensi yeso isusiwe (i-Aphakia) .
• Ukulimala kwamehlo: Ukulimala kwe-cornea, ilensi, noma ezinye izingxenye zeso, okubangela ukuthi zishintshe isimo.
• Ezinye izifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne -Marfan syndrome noma i-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .

Izinguquko ze-retinal

I-Aniseikonia ingabangelwa nayizimo ezihlobene ne-retina ezifana nalezi:

• I-Macular pucker: I-macula yingxenye ye-retina enikeza umbono obukhali.
• Ukulimala kwe-retina: Ukudabuka kwe-retina noma ukuqhekeka kwayo .
• Izimo ezibeka ingcindezi ku-retina kanye ne-optic nerve: Isibonelo , i-glaucoma .
• Izimo ezifana ne- (Central serous retinopathy) .
• I-retinopathy ehlobene nesifo sikashukela .
• Izimo ezifana (Ukuwohloka kwe-macular okuhlobene nobudala okumanzi - i-Wet AMD) .

Izinqubo zokubona

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingadala i-aniseikonia:

• Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa umbono nge-laser: ukuhlinzwa okufana ne- (LASIK) , (Photorefractive Keratotomy - PRK) noma (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction - SMILE) .
• Ukufaka ilensi yeso esikhundleni selensi yokwenziwa (ilensi ye-Intraocular - IOL). Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract.
• Ukuhlinzwa okufana ne -vitrectomy noma i-scleral buckle , okufaka esikhundleni se-vitreous humor nge-silicone oil noma i-gas bubble ukuze kulondolozwe isimo seso kuze kube yilapho iso liphola.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Aniseikonia?

Ukwelashwa kwe-aniseikonia kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo onalo.

• I-aniseikonia yokubona: Lokhu kwelashwa kakhulu ngezibuko zamehlo noma ama-contact lens . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa umbono nakho kunganikeza impumuzo.
• I-aniseikonia ye-retinal: Lokhu kunzima kakhulu ukwelapha. Ukwelashwa okuvamile ukwelapha imbangela eyinhloko, uma kungenzeka. Ungasebenzisa futhi izibuko ezinohlobo olukhethekile lwelensi ebizwa ngokuthi amalensi e-iseikonic . Lawa malensi asebenza ngokulinganisela ukukhulisa izithombe ozibonayo emehlweni womabili.

Cabanga nje, uma kungekho kulokhu kwelashwa okusebenzayo, noma uma kukhona isimo lapho kungenakukwenziwa khona, indlela yokugcina iyindlela ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuvalwa" . Okusho ukuthi, iso elilodwa limbozwe ngokuphelele nge-patch. Khona-ke ubuchopho akudingeki bucubungule leyo miyalezo emibili ephikisanayo. Ngenhlanhla, ezimweni eziningi, lokhu akudingeki.

Sinjani isimo (i-Aniseikonia)? Ingabe siyingozi?

I-Aniseikonia ngokuvamile ayisona isimo esisongela ukuphila. Kodwa-ke, ingaba yinto ecasulayo futhi ingaphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Nakuba i-Aniseikonia ingelapheki ngokuphelele, ngezinye izikhathi isimo esiyimbangela singelashwa. Uma kungenjalo, udokotela wakho wamehlo angakusiza ukuthi uphathe lesi simo futhi uphile impilo evamile.

Ingabe i-Aniseikonia ingavinjelwa?

I-Aniseikonia ivame ukuba yisenzakalo esingalindelekile nesizumayo. Ngakho-ke ayikho indlela yokusivimbela ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yokuthi senzeke, noma unciphise ubucayi besimo:

• Hlola amehlo akho njalo:Iningi lethu alicabangi kakhulu ngamehlo ethu kuze kube yilapho kukhona okungahambi kahle. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo ngudokotela wamehlo kungasiza ekuboneni izinkinga eziningi zokubona ezingaholela ku-Aniseikonia. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza kakhulu ekuvimbeleni i-Aniseikonia noma ekunciphiseni umthelela wayo empilweni yakho.
• Phatha noma uqaphe izifo ezingamahlalakhona: Izifo eziningi ezingamahlalakhona, njengesifo sikashukela, zingabangela ushintsho emehlweni (i-aniseikonia). Uma unezifo ezinjalo, ukuziphatha ngendlela efanele nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha njalo kungasiza ekunciphiseni umonakalo emehlweni akho.
• Ungazinaki izimpawu: Ukuqaphela kusenesikhathi i-Aniseikonia kungasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela walesi simo kuwe. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kungaveza nezinye izimo eziyisisekelo ezingase zibangele lezi zimpawu futhi ezidinga ukutholakala nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wamehlo ami?

Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, noma izimpawu ze-aniseikonia, ikakhulukazi uma iphazamisa imisebenzi yakho evamile , qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wakho wamehlo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele uhlolwe amehlo akho kangaki. Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela (i-Aniseikonia)?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-Aniseikonia, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho wamehlo imibuzo efana nale:

• Yini engingayilindela?
• Ingabe isimo sami (se-Aniseikonia) sizoba ngcono?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Ngingaqhubeka nemisebenzi yami evamile ngenkathi ngenza i-Aniseikonia?
• Kuyothatha isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokuba ngibuye ukuzohlolwa?

Ekuqaleni, izimpawu ze-Aniseikonia zingase zibe yinkinga nje. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zingabangela ukuthi ulahlekelwe yizimo zakho, udideke, futhi uphazamise imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke. Uma unezimpawu, ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile futhi udidekile. Ngenhlanhla, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha lesi simo. Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu ze-Aniseikonia, bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha. Uma wenza kanjalo ngokushesha, uzolulama ngokushesha futhi ukwazi ukubona umhlaba ngokucacile.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• I-Aniseikonia umehluko ngobukhulu noma ukucaca kwalokho okubonwa ngamehlo amabili.
• Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bekhanda, isiyezi, kanye nokubona kabili .
• Kungaba nezizathu eziningi; izinguquko emandleni eliso, izifo ze-cornea noma i-retina, kanye nokuhlinzwa okuthile kuphakathi kwazo.
• Ingelashwa ngezibuko, ama-contact lens, ama-lens akhethekile (ama-Iseikonic lens) , noma mhlawumbe ukuhlinzwa.
• Nakuba kungesiyo ingozi, kungaba yinto ecasulayo. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kubalulekile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo nokungazinaki izimpawuLokhu kuzosiza ekuphatheni isimo.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Amehlo anempilo ayimpahla ebalulekile!

I- Aniseikonia, ukubona, i-retina, izifo zamehlo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ukubona okuphindwe kabili