Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile futhi udidekile kancane lapho udokotela ekunika lolu hlobo lomuthi wena noma othile omaziyo. Uma sizwa igama elithi 'antipsychotic', sicabanga ngokushesha ngezifo zengqondo ezinzima njenge -schizophrenia . Kodwa empeleni, le mithi akuyona yodwa esetshenziswayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela angakunikeza lo muthi noma ungenazo izimpawu ze-psychosis. Ngakho-ke, ake sicacise konke ukudideka ngalokhu namuhla futhi sixoxe kalula nangokucacile.
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani ngempela?
Kalula nje, le mithi ishintsha indlela izimpawu zamakhemikhali ezisebenza ngayo ebuchosheni bethu. Cabanga ngakho njengokungathi kunezithunywa ezincane ngaphakathi kobuchopho bethu ezithwala imiyalezo emuva naphambili. Kwezokwelapha, sibiza lezi zi-neurotransmitters . I-Dopamine ne-serotonin ziyizithunywa ezimbili eziyinhloko.
Kwezinye izifo zengqondo, la makhemikhali awalingani. Elinye lingase libe liningi kakhulu, kanti elinye lincane kakhulu. Lokhu kungalingani kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nokubona izinto ezingekho, ukuphupha, kanye nokuphupha. Imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo isebenza ngokubuyisela ibhalansi yalezi zithunywa zamakhemikhali. Lokhu kungasiza izimpawu zakho ukuthi zinciphe kancane kancane futhi ukwazi ukuqonda kangcono iqiniso.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo?
Yebo, zihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezintathu. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwenziwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni zatholakala nini nokuthi zithinta kanjani ubuchopho.
| Uhlobo lwesidakamizwa | Ukusebenza kanye nencazelo |
|---|---|
| Imithi yesizukulwane sokuqala (Ama-Antipsychotics Ajwayelekile) | Lezi yizidakamizwa zokuqala ezitholakale. Zilawula kakhulu i-neurotransmitter dopamine ebuchosheni. Izibonelo: I-Haloperidol, i-Chlorpromazine, i-Fluphenazine. |
| Imithi yesizukulwane sesibili (Ama-Antipsychotics Angavamile) | Lezi izidakamizwa zakamuva, ezithuthuke kancane. Zithinta i-dopamine kanye nekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin . Eminye yemiphumela emibi ingaphansi kohlobo lokuqala. Lolu hlobo yilona olusetshenziswa kakhulu njengamanje. Izibonelo: I-Olanzapine, i-Risperidone, i-Quetiapine, i-Aripiprazole. |
| Imithi yesizukulwane esilandelayo | Lokhu kutholakale muva nje. Lo muthi, obizwa ngokuthi i-xanomeline kanye ne-trospium chloride (Cobenfy™), awuthinti i-dopamine. Ngakho-ke, unemiphumela emibi embalwa ehlobene nokunyakaza kanye nokozela. Lokhu kusesesigabeni socwaningo. |
Yiziphi izimo ezisetshenziswa yile mithi?
Naphezu kwegama elithi 'antipsychotic', lena akuyona nje imithi enikezwa izimo zengqondo kuphela. Nasi uhlu lwezifo ezisetshenziswa kuzo le mithi.
Izifo eziphathwa kakhulu:
- I-Schizophrenia kanye nezimo ezihlobene nayo.
- Isifo se-bipolar , ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokudangala.
- Isifo Sokucindezeleka Esiyinhloko Esinezici Zokuphazamiseka Kwengqondo.
- Isifo Sokukhohlisa .
- Ukucasuka okukhulu.
- Isifo Sobuntu Esibangelwa Umngcele .
- Ezinye izinkinga zokuziphatha ezibangelwa yi-dementia kanye nokusangana.
- Isifo sengqondo esibangelwa izidakamizwa.
Amanye amathuba:
Ngezinye izikhathi, le mithi isetshenziswa futhi ngemithamo ephansi ukulawula ezinye izimpawu zezimo ezifana ne-Tourette syndrome, isifo sikaHuntington, isifo sikaParkinson, kanye ne-Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Ziyini izinzuzo zale mithi?
Nakuba le mithi ingabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu, izinzuzo zayo zidlula kakhulu lezo.
- Ithuba lokwakha kabusha impilo yakho: Ngaphandle kwale mithi, kunzima kakhulu ukuphila impilo evamile enezifo zengqondo ezinzima. Le mithi ivumela iziguli ukuthi zibuyele emphakathini, emsebenzini, futhi zibe nempilo yomndeni.
- Ukwenza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zisebenze kangcono: Uma uthatha le mithi kanye nezinto ezifana nokwelashwa kwengqondo, imiphumela yalezo zindlela zokwelapha ithuthuka kakhulu.
- Ukuba nezinketho ezahlukene: Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo, ngakho udokotela wakho angakhetha okusebenzela kahle kakhulu futhi onemiphumela emibi embalwa kakhulu.
Khumbula, le mithi iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokukusiza ukuthi ubuyisele impilo yakho endleleni efanele. Ukuyisebenzisa akuyona uphawu lobuthakathaka. Kuyisinyathelo esinamandla esiya ekululameni kwakho.
Masiqaphele nemiphumela emibi.
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo . Futhi, iningi layo lingalawulwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlala elinganisa izinzuzo zomuthi nemiphumela emibi ukuze anqume ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe.
Nazi ezinye zemiphumela emibi evamile:
- Ukozela kanye nesiyezi
- Umlomo owomile
- Ukuqunjelwa
- Ukwanda kwesisindo
- Ukwanda koshukela egazini kanye namazinga e-cholesterol (ikakhulukazi emithini yesizukulwane sesibili)
- Izinkinga zokunyakaza: izinto ezifana nokuqina kwemisipha, ukuthuthumela, ukungaphumuli (ikakhulukazi ngemithi yesizukulwane sokuqala)
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha okubuhlungu (i-Dystonias)
- Ukunyakaza okungalawuleki kobuso nomlomo (i-Tardive Dyskinesia) ngemva kokusebenzisa imithi isikhathi eside
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Angase akwazi ukulungisa umthamo, akushintshele komunye umuthi, noma akunikeze umuthi ohlukile ngenxa yomphumela omubi.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela ngokushesha
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ezinzima, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Ukudideka okukhulu kwengqondo
- Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ukuqina kwayo
- Ukunyakaza okungalawulwa kobuso, umlomo, noma ulimi
- Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amhlophe emehlweni
Futhi, uma wena noma omunye umuntu enemicabango yokuzibulala, sicela ushayele inombolo yosizo lwezempilo yengqondo yaseSri Lanka ethi 1926. Ukucela usizo kuyanika amandla.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo ayisetshenziswa nje kuphela ekwelapheni izimo ezinzima njenge- schizophrenia , kodwa futhi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo se-bipolar, ukucindezeleka, kanye nezinye izifo eziningi.
- Le mithi isebenza ngokulinganisela amakhemikhali e-neurotransmitter ebuchosheni.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Kunezixazululo zalokho.
- Ungayeki ukuphuza imithi yakho noma ushintshe umthamo nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Kungaba yingozi kakhulu.
- Awuwedwa ohambweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho kanye nabathandekayo bakho bakanye nawe ekululameni kwakho.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 🤒 Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo zesikhumba ezibangela amabhamuza emzimbeni? Ingabe imithi iyawathinta?
Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani kuvela amabhamuza emzimbeni. Ngaphezu kokutheleleka, amabhamuza angavela ngenxa yemiphumela emibi yemithi ethile esiyithathayo. Kulesi sihloko, ungafunda ngqo ngezimo zokungezwani komzimba ezibangelwa eminye imithi (ama-antipsychotics), ikakhulukazi leyo enikezwa izifo zengqondo.
💬 💊 Ingabe ukuthatha imithi yokwelapha izifo zengqondo kungabangela ukulimala kwesikhumba noma amabhamuza?
Yebo, nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase babe nokuqubuka kwesikhumba noma amabhamuza ngenxa yalo muthi. Lokhu kungaba ukungezwani nomuthi. Ngakho-ke, uma lokhu kwenzeka, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha. Isihloko sethu sichaza ngokucacile imiphumela enjalo emibi.
💬 🛑 Ingabe amabhamuza esikhumba angaba yingozi? Yini okufanele ngiyiqaphele lapho ngithatha imithi?
Nakuba lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezimweni eziningi, kufanele siqaphele kakhulu ngama-blister abangelwa ukusabela okubi kwemithi. Uma uthatha imithi yokugula kwengqondo, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini engenzeka ngaleyo mithi. Funda lesi sihloko futhi uqaphele.
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