Ingabe isifuba sakho sinokuvuvukala okufana nebhaluni? (I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm) - Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ubuhlungu esifubeni sakho, entanyeni, noma emhlathini? Noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma umuzwa wokuminyana lapho ugwinya? Isikhathi esiningi, siyakhohlwa ngalezi zinto, sicabanga ukuthi zivamile, mhlawumbe into efana ne-gastritis. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi lezi zingaba uphawu lwento edinga ukunakwa okuncane. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuvuvukala okufana nebhaluni okungenzeka emthanjeni wegazi oyinhloko esifubeni sethu, i-aorta . Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm' .

Iyini le 'Thracic Aortic Aneurysm'? Kalula nje...

Cabanga nje ukuthi indlu yakho inohlelo oluyinhloko lokuhlinzeka ngamanzi. Yileyo ndlela i-aorta emzimbeni wethu esebenza ngayo. Lona umthambo omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke. Ume njengepayipi.

Manje, le `Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm` yilapho udonga lwe-aorta yakho oludlula esifubeni sakho (yingakho lubizwa ngokuthi `i-Thorax` noma umgodi wesifuba) luba buthakathaka futhi luqhume njengebhaluni endaweni eyodwa. Abanye abantu bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi ukwandiswa noma ukunwetshwa komthambo. Ngokuvamile, uma leyo ngxenye ye-aorta ibanzi kuno-50% wobubanzi bayo obujwayelekile, siyibheka njenge-`Aneurysm`, noma iqhubu/iqhubu. Lo ``bubanzi obujwayelekile`` bungahluka kuye ngendawo ku-aorta.

Lokhu kuqubuka kungavela noma kuphi ku-aorta. Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka esiswini (sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm'), kodwa cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane angahlakulela lesi simo esifubeni.

Ama-aneurysm amancane angase angadingi ukwelashwa okukhulu. Imithi kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile kwezithombe (njengokuskena) ukulawula isimo esiyisisekelo kunganele. Kodwa-ke, uma i-aneurysm yakho inkulu noma ikhula ngokushesha, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila . Odokotela bazonquma ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe nokuthi bakwenze nini, ngoba bafuna uthole imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm', sivame ukuthinta abantu abaphakathi kuka-6 no-10 kubantu abayi-100,000. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukusho inani eliqondile, ngoba isikhathi esiningi lawa ma-aneurysm awabonisi zimpawu ngakho-ke awabonakali. Cishe ama-20% eziguli ezitholakale zinesifo njengamanje zinomlando womndeni walesi simo, okusho ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana kwezakhi zofuzo.

E-United States kuphela, kulinganiselwa ukuthi abantu abangaba ngu-30,000 bayafa minyaka yonke ngenxa yokuqhekeka noma ukuqhekeka komthambo i-aorta, ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula.

Yiziphi izimpawu ze-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

Esikhathini esiningi, abantu abanale "aneurysm" abaqapheli ngayo, ngoba ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu.Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi kungabonisa izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuzwa ubuhlungu emhlathini wakho, entanyeni, esifubeni, noma emhlane ongaphezulu .
• Ubunzima bokugwinya noma ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya (uma i-aneurysm icindezela umphimbo wakho).
• Ukuhosha kwezwi (uma lokhu kuphazamiseka kwemizwa kucindezela imizwa elawula izwi lakho).
• Ukukhwehlela noma ubunzima bokuphefumula (uma i-aneurysm icindezela indlela yakho yokuphefumula).

Izimpawu zokuqhuma kwe-aneurysm (`Ukuqhuma`) noma ukuqhekeka (`Ukususwa`) - lezi ziyisimo esiphuthumayo!

Abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu, bese kuthi ngokuzumayo i-aneurysm iqhume noma ichitheke. Zombili lezi yizimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ezidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha! Izimpawu zingaqala ngokuzumayo futhi zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Uma wena noma omunye umuntu enezinye zalezi zimpawu , kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha :

• Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obungabekezeleleki esifubeni noma emhlane. Abanye abantu babuchaza njengokugwaza, ukuklebhula, noma ukuqhuma.
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma uzizwa ujikeleza.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Isilinganiso senhliziyo siyanda.
• Ukujuluka ngokweqile.
• Ukudideka.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma.
• Ukulahlekelwa umbono.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lomzimba.

Esimweni esinjengalesi , ihora nemizuzu yonke ibalulekile. Uma uphuza isikhathi eside ukufuna ukwelashwa, kulapho amathuba okusindisa impilo yakho encipha khona. Ngakho-ke ungazithathi kalula lezi zimpawu.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Atherosclerosis. Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho ama-fatty deposits (i-plaque) eqoqana ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi yethu, ewanciphisa kancane kancane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, la ma-fatty deposits enza buthaka izindonga ze-aorta, okwenza kube nokwenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kube ne-aneurysm.

Ngokuvamile, izindonga ze-aorta yethu ziqinile futhi kufanele zikwazi ukunwebeka nokufinyela njengoba kudingeka lapho igazi ligeleza. Cabanga ngakho, le-aorta yilapho igazi liphuma khona ngqo enhliziyweni. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ikwazi ukumelana nokucindezeleka okudalwa lapho inhliziyo ipompa igazi kanzima.

I-aorta enempilo ingakwenza lokhu ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma izindonga ze-aorta zibuthakathaka, ingcindezi evela enhliziyweni ingabangela ukuthi ingxenye ye-aorta ikhukhumale ngaphandle, yenze i-aneurysm. Lokhu kukhukhuma akuvamile, kushintsha ukuma kwepayipi le-aorta. Njengoba igazi liqhubeka nokugeleza kulo kukhukhuma, ingcindezi eyengeziwe ifakwa ezindongeni esezibuthakathaka kakade, okwenza zibe buthaka nakakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, izindonga ziyakhukhuma kakhulu. Lapho i-aneurysm iba nkulu, iba yingozi kakhulu.

Yiziphi izinto ezibangela ingozi?

Noma yini eyenza izindonga ze-aorta zibe buthaka yandisa ingozi yokuba ne-aneurysm. Ngaphezu kwe-atherosclerosis, kunezinye izici eziningana eziyingozi:

• `I-Aortitis`: Isimo sokuvuvukala okwenzeka ku-aorta.
• `Isifo se-aortic valve ye-bicuspid` : I-aortic valve yenhliziyo inamapheshana amabili (ngokuvamile kufanele abe namathathu).
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo (CAD) : Izifo ezihlobene nemithambo yenhliziyo enikeza igazi emisipheni yenhliziyo.
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-aneurysm (umlando womndeni).
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme .
• I-Loeys-Dietz syndrome : Isimo esingavamile sofuzo esihilela izicubu ezixhumeneyo.
• I-Marfan syndrome : Esinye isimo sezakhi zofuzo esithinta izicubu ezixhumeneyo.
• Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa noma yimuphi umkhiqizo kagwayi.
• `I-Turner syndrome` : Isimo sofuzo esithinta abesifazane kuphela.
• I-Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome : Isifo esingavamile sezicubu ezixhumeneyo esithinta imithambo yegazi.

Ingabe i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ingazuzwa njengefa?

Yebo, i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ingasebenza emindenini. Lokho kusho ukuthi ingadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Abacwaningi bathole izinguquko eziningana zofuzo ezandisa ingozi. Kulezi, izinguquko ku-ACTA2 gene yizona ezivame kakhulu.

I-gene ye-ACTA2 itshela umzimba wethu ukuthi wenze amaprotheni athile ezindongeni zemithambo yethu. Lawa maprotheni asiza izindonga zemithambo yethu ukuthi zigcine isimo sazo ngokusekela ukucindezeleka kwegazi eligeleza kuzo. Uma kukhona ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ze-ACTA2, izindonga zemithambo yethu zinganwebeka kakhulu lapho igazi ligeleza kuzo.

Kodwa-ke, awukwazi ukusho ukuthi uzuze uguquko lwezakhi zofuzo ngenxa nje yokuthi une-aneurysm. Kodwa-ke, ingozi iphakeme. Uma othile emndenini wakho oseduze (ohlobene nebhayoloji) eke waba ne-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Angase futhi ancome ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo .

Kwenzeka kuphi lokhu 'kwe-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'?

Lokhu kwakha lapho izindonga ze-aorta zibuthakathaka khona. Izinto ezifana ne-'Atherosclerosis' (ama-fatty deposits) esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili, noma izifo zezicubu ezixhumeneyo, zenza buthaka izindonga ze-aorta, okwenza kube lula ukuthi kwakheke i-'Aneurysm'.

Ubuwazi ukuthi i-aorta iwumthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu? Ifana nenduku yokuhamba yakudala. Iqala enhliziyweni, igobe phezulu, bese yehla ngesifuba nesisu. Iphela ngaphezu kwenkaba.

Ngokuvamile, i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ikhula ku-ascending aorta noma ku-descending aorta. Akuvamile, ingakhula nasengxenyeni egobile ye-aorta - ingxenye ebukeka njengesibambo senduku.

Ingakanani ingozi ye-'Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm'?

I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm yisimo esibucayi sezokwelapha. Kunezinkinga eziningana ezingase zenzeke:

• Ukuqhuma kwe-Aneurysm.
• Ukusikwa kwe-aorta .
• Amahlule egazi akheka endaweni lapho i-aneurysm itholakala khona bese eya kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (i-thromboembolism). Lawa mahlule egazi angabangela izimo ezibucayi ezifana nesifo sohlangothi noma i-mesenteric ischemia .
• Ukuvuselelwa kwe-valve ye-aorta .

Lezi yizimo ezibucayi ngempela. Yingakho kudingeka siqaphele ngale 'Aneurysm'.

Itholakala kanjani le `Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm`?

Ngokuvamile, i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm itholakala ngengozi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi itholakala lapho odokotela benza izivivinyo ngesinye isizathu. Isibonelo, i-X-ray yesifuba ingabonisa ukuthi ingxenye ephakathi yesifuba sakho (i-mediastinum) ibanzi kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-aneurysm.

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi une-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, kungaba nge-X-ray noma ngezinye izizathu, uzoyala ukuhlolwa okulandelayo:

• `I-computed tomography (CT) angiogram` : Lokhu ukuskena kwe-CT okukhethekile.
• `I-Echocardiogram (i-echo)` : Ukuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound.
• I-Magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) : Iskeni esibheka imithambo yegazi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-MRI.
• I-ultrasound yesisu : Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ukuhlola i-aneurysm ku-aorta yesisu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Aorta kuyindlela eyinhloko nehlala njalo yokwelapha i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. Odokotela basebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlinzwa. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kwendabuko : Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okude phakathi kwesifuba, ukususa ingxenye eyonakele ye-aorta, bese kufakwa ithubhu yokwenziwa (i-graft). Le ndlela isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ama-aneurysms ku-ascensing aorta, kanye nama-aneurysms ayinkimbinkimbi esifubeni nasesiswini.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Thracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) : Lena inqubo yokuhlinzwa engangenisi kakhulu . Lokhu kusho ukuthi yenziwa ngaphandle kokwenza imivimbo emikhulu. Isetshenziselwa ukwelapha ama-aneurysms ku-aorta eyehlayo. Kule nqubo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza imivimbo emincane embotsheni yakho, asebenzise umthambo (umthambo we-femoral) odlula kuwo, bese esebenzisa i-catheter (ithubhu elincane) ukufaka i-graft ku-aneurysm.
• Ukufakwa esikhundleni kwezimpande ze-aorta: Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa nge-'Aneurysm' endaweni lapho i-aorta ixhuma khona nenhliziyo ('impande ye-Aortic'). Lokhu kungase kuhilele nokushintsha ivalvu yakho ye-aortic. Ngaphandle kwalokho, 'amasu okugcina amavalvu' angasetshenziswa ukugcina ivalvu yakho yemvelo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela abahlinzayo bahlanganisa izindlela ezingaphezu kweyodwa (isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile kanye nokwelashwa kwe-endovascular) kuye ngohlobo lwe-aneurysm. Ukuthola ukwelashwa esikhungweni se-aorta kwandisa izinketho zakho kanye namathuba akho okuthola umphumela omuhle.

Ngizodinga nini ukuhlinzwa?

Udokotela uzonquma ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa yini, futhi uma kunjalo, nini, ngokucabangela lezi zici:

• Usayizi nendawo ye-aneurysm.
• Indlela i-aneurysm ekhula ngayo ngokushesha .
• Ukuthi i-aneurysm ibangela izimpawu nokuthi zimbi kangakanani .
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo onazo.

Uma i-aneurysm inkulu noma ibangela izimpawu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi ingaqhumi. Ubukhulu be-aneurysm bubalulekile ngoba uma inkulu, kulapho amathuba okuba iqhume khona maningi. Ngokuvamile, odokotela bazonquma ukwenza ukuhlinzwa uma i-aneurysm iphakathi kwamasentimitha angu-2 no-2.2 ububanzi (cishe amasentimitha angu-5 kuya kwangu-5.5), noma uma ikhula ngesilinganiso esingaba yisigamu sesentimitha ngonyaka.

Kodwa, akusibo nje ubukhulu obubalulekile. Uma unesifo sokuxhuma izicubu, i-bicuspid aortic valve, noma ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka noma ukuqhekeka, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngobukhulu be-aneurysm yakho nokuthi kungadingeka nini ukuhlinzwa.

"Ukulinda okuqaphile"

Uma i-aneurysm incane futhi ingenazo izimpawu, ungase ungadingi ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha. Kunalokho, udokotela wakho uzoqapha isimo sakho (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukulinda ukuqapha). Bangase bakunike nemithi yokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Isibonelo, ama-imaging scan anga-odwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-6 kuya kweziyi-12 ukuze kuhlolwe izinguquko ku-aneurysm. Unganikezwa futhi imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi lakho nokunciphisa ingcindezi engxenyeni ebuthaka ye-aorta yakho. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlinzwa lapho izinzuzo zokuhlinzwa zidlula izingozi .

Ingabe i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ingavinjelwa?

Ayikho indlela eqondile yokuvimbela lesi simo. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-atherosclerosis (imbangela enkulu ye-aneurysms). Nazi ezinye izinto ongayenza:

• Lawula umfutho wegazi lakho kanye namazinga e-cholesterol.
• Landela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo (isb., Ukudla KwaseMedithera ).
• Gwema yonke imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Thola okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 yokuzivocavoca umzimba okulinganiselwe ngesonto (kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo olusha lokuzivocavoca).
• Yenza ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha kwaminyaka yonke, futhi ube khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela ezihleliwe.

Ungaphila isikhathi esingakanani une-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

Isikhathi sokusinda sincike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa nobukhulu be-aneurysm nokuthi ingabanga yini izinkinga. Ama-aneurysm amakhulu angaba yingozi. Cishe abantu abangu-65% abane-aneurysm enkulu, engalashwanga basinda unyaka owodwa ngemuva kokuxilongwa. Abangu-20% kuphela abasinda iminyaka emihlanu.

Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okufanele, isikhathi sakho sokuphila singanda kakhulu futhi ungaphila impilo ende nenempilo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi usengozini yokuthola i-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm bese usebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uphathe lesi simo.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma une-aneurysm, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza iseluleko sokuthi ungazinakekela kanjani. Angase asho izinto ezifana nalezi:

• Gwema ukuzivocavoca okunzima. Izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa izinsimbi ezisindayo noma ukuqeqeshwa kwezikhawu eziphakeme (HIIT) zingakubangela ingcindezi eyengeziwe emithanjeni yakho. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zokuzivocavoca eziphephile kuwe.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa ugwayi. Ugwayi wandisa ingozi yezifo eziningi zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Uma ubhema noma usebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi, funa usizo lokuyeka.
• Yenza izinguquko ekudleni kwakho. Kungase kudingeke unciphise usawoti owudlayo noma wenze ezinye izinguquko ezinhle empilweni yemithambo yakho yegazi.
• Thatha imithi yakho njengoba uyalelwe. Ungadinga imithi yokulawula izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo. Buza udokotela wakho uma unemibuzo mayelana nokuthi ungayithatha kanjani le mithi.
• Gwema izinto ezandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-cocaine, ama-amphetamine, kanye nezinye izithako zezitshalo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Bona udokotela wakho ukuze akuhlole minyaka yonke, futhi ugcine wonke ama-aphoyintimenti akho okulandelela. Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma:

• Uma ubona izimpawu ezintsha noma izinguquko ezimpawini ezikhona .
• Uma umuthi ubanga imiphumela emibi engalindelekile .
• Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER)?

Izimpawu ze-aneurysm eqhumile noma eqhumileUma kunjalo, shayela ku-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) noma uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha. Lezi yizimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ezidinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo ukuze kusindiswe izimpilo.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi une-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, ungase ungazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibuze kuqala. Nansi eminye imibuzo yokukuqalisa:

• Ingakanani i-aneurysm yami?
• Ingabe leli nani liyinto okufanele sikhathazeke ngayo?
• Yini eyayingabangela lokhu 'kwe-aneurysm'?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olungincomayo?
• Yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka ngizenze endleleni yami yokuphila?
• Kufanele ngize kangaki ukuze ngithole izivivinyo zokulandelela?

Kuyini lokhu 'kwe-Thoracoabdominal aneurysm'?

Lolu futhi uhlobo lwe-'Aneurysm'. Lolu uhlobo lwe-'Aneurysm' oludlula esifubeni sakho ('esinqeni') kanye nasesiswini sakho ('esiswini'). Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa cishe u-15% wazo zonke 'i-Aneurysms' ezikhula ku-aorta.

Ukuthola ukuthi une-aneurysm esifubeni sakho kungaba yinto esabekayo. Mhlawumbe awukaze ucabange ngempilo yemithambo yakho noma ukuthi isebenza kanjani. Noma, mhlawumbe wazalwa unesifo sezicubu ezixhumeneyo, ngakho-ke uyazi kahle ukusebenza kwangaphakathi komzimba wakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wazini, manje sekuyisikhathi sokufunda kabanzi ngesimo sakho futhi uthathe isinyathelo sokunciphisa ingozi yakho yezinkinga.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho ongakulindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho. Uzokwazi ukuhlela uhlelo lokwelashwa oluhambisana nezidingo zakho, aphendule imibuzo yakho, futhi akunike ulwazi oludingayo ukuze uqhubekele phambili.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm iyisimo esibucayi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqwashisa kusenesikhathi, iseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha, kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, unethuba elihle lokuphila impilo enempilo nende.

• Naka izimpawu: Ungazinaki izinto ezifana nobuhlungu obungazelelwe, obukhulu besifuba noma bomhlane.
• Hlola uma unezici eziyingozi: Uma othile emndenini wakho eye waba nalesi simo, noma uma unomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ubhema, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
• Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo: thatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela, landela imiyalelo yokuzivocavoca nokudla, bese uya ezivivinyweni nasezinhlanganweni ezihleliwe.
• Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele: Lena enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazenza.

Ungakhathazeki, awuwedwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likulungele ukukusiza. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo nokunakekela impilo yakho ngenkuthalo.

I- Thracic Aortic Aneurysm, i-aorta, ubuhlungu besifuba, isifo senhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, i-aneurysm, ukuhlinzwa