Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angakutshela ukuthi unokuvuza okuncane kwenye yama-valve enhliziyo yakho. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile kancane uma uzwa into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizokhuluma ngalesi simo kanye nokuhlinzwa okukhethekile okwenziwa ngenxa yaso, Ukulungiswa kwe-Aortic Valve. Kuyini ngempela lokhu? Kwenziwa kanjani? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi? Sizokhuluma ngakho konke lokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kuyini Ukulungiswa Kwe-Aortic Valve?
Kalula nje, lolu uhlobo lokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenzelwa ukwenza "umnyango" ophakathi komthambo wegazi oyinhloko (i-aorta) othwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni yethu liye kuwo wonke umzimba futhi inhliziyo isebenze kahle. Lo mnyango siwubiza ngokuthi i-aortic valve. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, leli yi-valve. Le valve iyavuleka futhi ivale njalo lapho inhliziyo ishaya, ilawula ukugeleza kwegazi.
Cabanga ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ungakwazi ukuvala umnyango endlini yakho kahle? Ngokufanayo, uma le valve yonakele, ayivuli noma ayivaleki kahle. Kwabanye abantu, le valve iqala ukuvuza. Ngokwezokwelapha, sikubiza ngokuthi i -aortic regurgitation . Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ngenxa yokuthi ivalve ayivali ngokuphelele, elinye igazi okufanele liye emzimbeni livuza libuyele enhliziyweni. Kwenzekani-ke? Inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa inani legazi elidingwa ngumzimba. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ingonakala.
Kuphela lapho ivalvu ivuza kakhulu futhi kuvela izimpawu lapho odokotela batusa khona ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe noma kushintshwe ivalvu.
Ezimweni eziningi, ivalvu ishintshwa ngentsha. Kodwa-ke, ezinye iziguli zingazuza kakhulu ngokulungiswa kwevalvu yazo. Odokotela abahlinzayo benza lesi sinqumo ngokwesimo ngasinye. Udokotela wakho uzocabangela izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukuma kwevalvu yakho kanye nobukhulu bomonakalo, ukuze anqume ukuthi ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa kwevalvu kungcono yini kuwe.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Into ebaluleke kakhulu lapho ulungiselela ukuhlinzwa ukuhlolwa okwenziwa kusengaphambili. Udokotela ohlinzayo ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ivalvu yakho isesimweni lapho ingalungiswa khona. Uma ezinye izingxenye zonakele kakhulu, kungcono ukufaka entsha esikhundleni sevalvu esikhundleni sokuyilungisa. Kunezivivinyo eziningana ezibalulekile okudingeka ukuthi uzenzile ukuze zikusize ngalokhu.
| Ukuhlolwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) | Ukudlulisa ikhamera encane emphinjeni ukuze uthole izithombe ezicacile neziseduze zenhliziyo nama-valve. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo | Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi eholela enhliziyweni. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba | Ukuhlola isimo senhliziyo namaphaphu. |
| Ukuskena kwe-CT | Ukuthola izithombe ze-3D ezinemininingwane zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi emikhulu. |
| I-E.C.G. (EKG/ECG) | Ukurekhoda umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo | Ukuhlola impilo yomzimba iyonke kanye nokusebenza kwezitho zomzimba ezifana nezinso. |
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile yokuthi ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela leyo miyalelo ngqo. Uma kukhona ongakuqondi, buza futhi. Le miyalelo ingafaka izinto ezinjengalezi:
- Isikhathi sokuyeka ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- Yimiphi imithi ovame ukuyidinga ukuze uyeke ukuyithatha okwesikhashana?
- Sekuyisikhathi sokufika esibhedlela ukuze uhlinzwe.
- Izinto okufanele uzilethe esibhedlela nezinto okufanele uzishiye ekhaya.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlinzwa?
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa njengokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile , okusho ukuthi kwenziwa ukusika okukodwa okude phakathi kwesifuba. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kungenziwa futhi njengokuhlinzwa okuncane kakhulu , okubandakanya ukusikwa okuncane esifubeni. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzochaza ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Nazi izinyathelo lapho ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenzeka khona:
1. Okokuqala, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ukuze ulale ubuthongo obukhulu ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
2. Okulandelayo, udokotela ohlinzayo wenza ukusika noma ukusika okuningana esifubeni ukuze afinyelele inhliziyo. Lokhu kungaba ukusika okungamasentimitha ayisithupha (sternotomy) okwenziwe phakathi kwethambo lesifuba (sternum). Noma kungaba ukusika okungamasentimitha amabili kuya kwamane okwenziwe ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba ngokuphelele.
3. Uzobe usuxhunywe emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu (`(umshini wenhliziyo namaphaphu)`) . Lo mshini uzokwenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
4. Manje sekuza ingxenye ebalulekile. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzolungisa ivalvu ngokwezidingo zakho. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, bangenza i-annuloplasty, eqinisa indandatho ezungeze ivalvu futhi iyenze ivaleke kahle. Noma bangashintsha ukuma kwamapheshana evalvu, noma izicubu ezihlanganisiwe ukuze zithathe indawo yezindawo ezidabukile noma imigodi.
5. Ngesikhathi ivalvu ilungiswa, uma kunezinye izinkinga, njenge-aneurysms (ukuvuvuka kwezindonga zomthambo wegazi oyinhloko), nazo ziyalungiswa phakathi nalokhu kuhlinzwa.
6. Ngemva kokuba konke ukulungiswa okudingekayo sekuqediwe, udokotela ohlinzayo uzovala izimbobo. Uzobe usudluliselwa eyunithi ekhethekile ukuze ululame.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezinzuzo nezingozi. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
| Izinzuzo | Izingozi |
|---|---|
| Ukukwazi ukulondoloza ivalvu yakho: Lena inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke. Lokhu kugwema izingozi ezihlobene nokufaka ivalvu yokwenziwa. | Kudingeka ukuhlinzwa kabusha: Kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa kabusha noma ukushintshwa kwevalvu uma ivalvu elungisiwe ivuza futhi, itheleleka (i-endocarditis), noma ingasebenzi njengoba bekulindelekile. |
| Asikho isidingo semithi yokunciphisa igazi: Ezimweni eziningi, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi uphuze imithi yokunciphisa igazi (ama-anticoagulant) impilo yakho yonke. | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile: ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia). |
| Ukubuyiselwa kokusebenza kwenhliziyo. | Izingozi ezivamile zokuhlinzwa zifaka phakathi ukopha, ukungezwani nokudla okubangela ukuhlanza, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. |
Akubona bonke abantu abasengozini efanayo. Abantu abanezinye izinkinga zempilo, njengesifo senhliziyo esibi, bangase babe sengozini enkulu kancane ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezingozi zakho futhi uziqonde.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Kungathatha cishe amasonto ama-4 kuya kwayi-8 ukululama ngokuphelele nokubuyela emisebenzini evamile. Uma uhlinzwe ngendlela engangeneleli kakhulu, isikhathi sakho sokululama singase sibe sifushane.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathele amasonto ambalwa. Ngakho-ke thatha kancane ulalele umzimba wakho. Ungazami ukwenza okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ungashayela nini noma uye nini emsebenzini. Ukubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokuvuselela inhliziyo (`(Cardiac Rehab)`) kungakusiza ukuthi ululame ngokuphephile futhi ujwayele indlela yokuphila enempilo.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela ngokushesha
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kufanele ufune iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uba nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zenkinga. Qaphela lezi zimpawu:
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina.
- Ubomvu noma uketshezi oluphuma endaweni yokuhlinzwa, ukuvuvukala, noma ukubomvu.
- Umkhuhlane noma ukuzizwa ubanda.
- Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha (`(Ukushaya kwenhliziyo)`).
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze noma izinyawo (i-edema).
- Isisindo esingaphezu kuka-1.5 kg singakapheli isonto.
Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Uma kudingeka, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ukulungiswa kwe-Aortic valve akuyona into evamile njengokuhlinzwa okuvamile njengokufakwa esikhundleni se-aortic valve. Njengoba lokhu kuyindlela ekhethekile kakhulu yokuhlinzwa, kungcono ukukhetha isibhedlela esinodokotela abangochwepheshe abavame ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukulungiswa kwe-Aortic valve kuyindlela ekhethekile yokuhlinzwa elungisa i-valve yenhliziyo evuzayo.
- Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi uthola ukulondoloza i-valve yakho yemvelo, ukuze ugweme ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi impilo yakho yonke.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngqo nokuhlanganyela ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela inhliziyo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukwesaba onakho mayelana nokuhlinzwa.
- Qaphela izimpawu eziyisixwayiso ezingase zivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezinjalo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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