Ingabe inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngendlela exakile? Ake sixoxe ngokungalingani kwesigqi senhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia)!

Ungakhathazeki, wake wazizwa sengathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kukhuphuke ngokuzumayo, noma bekushaya ngokushesha okukhulu, ngezinye izikhathi sengathi bekushaya ngendlela exakile? Lokhu kuyinto eyenzeka kubantu abaningi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalokhu kushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, okubizwa ngokuthi i-arrhythmia . Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-dysrhythmia .

Kalula nje, kuyini i-arrhythmia?

I-arrhythmia wushintsho lwesigqi, noma iphethini, senhliziyo yakho. Cabanga ngale ndlela: inhliziyo yethu ifana nomculi onekhono, kufanele ishaye ngesigqi esivamile, esivamile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lesi sigqi siyaphela. Yilapho-ke sikubiza ngokuthi i-arrhythmia. Ingaqala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zenhliziyo. Ngezinye izikhathi inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kancane kakhulu, noma ngaphandle kokujwayelekile.

Ngokuvamile, inhliziyo yethu isebenza ngendlela ehlelekile nehlelekile. Ngoba, le nhliziyo yiyo enikeza umzimba wethu wonke igazi, inikeza ukondleka nomoya-mpilo. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona inkinga ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zenhliziyo, noma egazini inhliziyo elimpompayo, lesi sigqi esivamile singaphazamiseka. Yingakho ukuba nesigqi esivamile sokushaya kwenhliziyo kubaluleke kakhulu .

Kungakanani ukungezwani kwenhliziyo (i-arrhythmia)?

Eqinisweni, akuzona zonke izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia eziyingozi. Kunezinhlobo ezithile ezingabangeli monakalo futhi ezingadingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye ezingabangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma ukumiswa kwenhliziyo . Iningi le-arrhythmia liwela phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili ezibucayi. Udokotela kuphela ongakutshela ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-arrhythmia onalo nokuthi ludinga ukwelashwa yini. Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-arrhythmia?

Odokotela bahlukanisa ama-arrhythmia ngokusekelwe ekutheni aqala kuphi enhliziyweni.

• I-Supraventricular Arrhythmias: Lokhu kuqala emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo yakho, abizwa ngokuthi i-atria . Igama elithi "Supraventricular" lisho ngaphezu kwamakamelo aphansi enhliziyo, abizwa ngokuthi ama-ventricles .
• Ama-Ventricular Arrhythmias: Lawa aqala emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo, okungukuthi, i-atria.
• I-Bradyarrhythmias kanye ne-junctional rhythms: Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ohlelweni lokuhambisa isignali kagesi lwenhliziyo, njenge -node ye-sinoatrial (SA) , i-node ye-atrioventricular (AV) , noma inethiwekhi ye-His-Purkinje .

Kalula nje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo: lezo eziqala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zenhliziyo kanye nalezo eziqala ezingxenyeni ezingezansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinkinga ezihilela ukushaya kwenhliziyo kancane kakhulu.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Emhlabeni jikelele, kulinganiselwa ukuthi phakathi kuka-1.5% no-5% wabantu bane-arrhythmia. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukusho ukuthi bangaki abantu abanayo ngempela, njengoba abanye abantu bengakhombisi zimpawu. Emazweni afana ne-United States, uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia olubizwa ngokuthi i-atrial fibrillation luvame kakhulu.

Yiziphi izimpawu esizizwayo?

Umuntu one-arrhythmia angase abe nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukushaya Kwenhliziyo Okukhulu: Kungase kuzwakale sengathi isigubhu sishaya ngaphakathi esifubeni, noma sengathi inhliziyo iyama ngokuzumayo, noma kungase kuzwakale sengathi ishaya ngokushesha okukhulu.
• Isiyezi noma ukuba nekhanda elibuthakathaka.
• Iziqephu Zokuquleka.
• Ukuphelelwa Ukuphefumula: Kubonakala sengathi unenkinga yokuphefumula ngisho noma uzikhandla kancane.
• Ukungakhululeki noma ubuhlungu esifubeni.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukukhathala.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo kungaba "okuthula," okusho ukuthi akubanga zimpawu. Yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izimbangela ze-arrhythmia?

Kunezimbangela ezahlukahlukene ze-arrhythmia. Ezinye zazo yilezi:

• Isifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo: Lokhu kusho ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Izicubu ezicasukayo enhliziyweni yakho: Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezimbangela noma izici zofuzo ezikhula kamuva ekuphileni.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Izinguquko emsipheni wenhliziyo (i-Cardiomyopathy).
• Izinkinga ze-valve yenhliziyo.
• Ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte egazini lakho: Lokhu kuyizinguquko enanini likasawoti njenge-sodium ne-potassium.
• Ukulimala Okubangelwa Ukuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo.
• Inqubo yokuphulukiswa ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.
• Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha.

Ngokuvamile, ama-arrhythmia abangelwa inkinga ngemithambo yegazi, ama-valve, noma imisipha yenhliziyo.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ze-arrhythmia?

Lezi zinto zingandisa ingozi ye-arrhythmia:

• Ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukuphuza utshwala.
• Ukudla iziphuzo nokudla okune-caffeine: Izinto ezifana netiye, ikhofi, kanye neziphuzo ezibandayo.
• Ukuthatha izikhuthazi: Izinto ezifana nemithi yomkhuhlane kanye nezithasiselo zezitshalo.
• Ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Inkomba Yobunzima Bomzimba (BMI) engaphezu kuka-30.
• Ukuba noshukela ophezulu egazini: Njengesifo sikashukela.
• Ukuphefumula komoya.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Uma i-arrhythmia ingelashwa kahle, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Cardiomyopathy).
• Ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo.
• Isifo sohlangothi: Ukuphazamiseka kokugeleza kwegazi ebuchosheni.

Kutholakala kanjani lokhu kuphazamiseka kwe-arrhythmia?

Udokotela angahlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho futhi alalele inhliziyo yakho ukuze athole ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.

Ngemva kokulalela izimpawu zakho nokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona i-arrhythmia nokuthola imbangela. Ngezinye izikhathi ungathunyelwa ku- electrophysiologist , udokotela wenhliziyo oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ngezinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo.

Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo?

Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kungenziwa ukuze kutholakale ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile kanye nezimo ezihlobene nakho:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma EKG): Lokhu kurekhoda umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola amazinga akho e-electrolyte, noma hlola inkinga yofuzo.
• Ama-Ambulatory Monitors: Lawa amadivayisi amancane owagqoka izinsuku ezimbalwa. Aqopha isigqi senhliziyo yakho ngenkathi uqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile. Isibonelo yi -Holter Monitor .
• Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka: Lokhu kuhlola ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi uzivocavoca.
• I-Echocardiogram: Ukuhlolwa kwamagagasi omsindo enhliziyo. Kungabheka ukuma, ubukhulu, kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Catheterization yenhliziyo: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo.
• Ucwaningo lwe-Electrophysiology (EPS): Ukuhlolwa okubheka ngokujulile uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo.
• Ukuhlolwa Kwetafula Elitshekile: Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa kubantu abazwa isiyezi lapho bemi.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan).
• I-MRI Yenhliziyo (I-MRI Yenhliziyo - Ukufanekisa Ukuzwakala Kwe-Magnetic).

Iphathwa kanjani i-arrhythmia?

Ukwelashwa kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-arrhythmia onayo kanye nobunzima bayo. Kwezinye izimo, akukho ukwelashwa okudingekayo. Izindlela zokwelapha izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo zifaka:

• Imithi.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila.
• Ukwelashwa.
• Amadivayisi.
• Ukuhlinzwa.

1. Imithi

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemithi yokwelapha i-arrhythmias. Ngenxa yokuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ofanayo, kungadingeka uzame izinhlobo eziningana nemithamo yemithi ukuze uthole imithi efanele kanye nemithamo efanele wena. Ezinye zalezi zinhlobo zifaka:

• Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kusiza ukubuyisela i-arrhythmia esigqini esijwayelekile (i-Sinus Rhythm) noma ukuvimbela ukwenzeka kwe-arrhythmia.
• Imithi elawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Imithi yokwelapha nge-anticoagulant noma i-Antiplatelet: Isibonelo , i-Warfarin noma i-Aspirin . Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Imithi elapha izimo ezihlobene ezingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi lezi zinto:

• Amagama emithi oyiphuzayo.
• Kungani uthatha lowo muthi?
• Ukuthatha umuthi kangaki futhi ngasiphi isikhathi.
• Iyini imiphumela emibi yemithi yakho?

2. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila

Izinguquko ezilula endleleni yakho yokuphila zingasiza nge-arrhythmias. Ezinye zalezi zinguquko zifaka:

• Ukulawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga kashukela egazini.
• Ukugwema ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Ukugwema i-caffeine kanye nezinto ezivuselelayo.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo.

3. Ukwelashwa

Ngaphezu kwemithi, abanye abantu bangadinga ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukuze belaphe noma bayeke ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe futhi uzoxoxa nawe ngezinzuzo kanye nokubi kwalokhu kwelashwa.

• Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo: Kunikezwa ukushaqeka kukagesi ukuze kuhambisane kahle inhliziyo futhi kubuyiselwe isigqi esijwayelekile.
• Ukukhishwa kwe-Catheter: I-catheter isetshenziselwa ukuletha amandla kagesi avame kakhulu endaweni encane yezicubu enhliziyweni, "inqamule" indlela yesigqi esingajwayelekile. Le nqubo ingelapha izinhlobo eziningi ze-SVT (Supraventricular Tachycardia) , i-Atrial Flutter , i-Atrial Fibrillation, kanye nezinyeI-Atrial kanye ne-Ventricular Tachycardias zingelashwa.
• Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemithambo Yemiphunga: Lokhu futhi kuyindlela yokususa imithambo. Izindandatho zezicubu zesibazi zenzelwe ukuhlukanisa izindawo ezingase zibangele i-atrial fibrillation . Lokhu kungaba usizo kubantu abane-atrial fibrillation evame ukwenzeka, e-paroxysmal, noma eqhubekayo.

4. Amadivayisi

Ngesikhathi senqubo eyenziwa udokotela wenhliziyo elabhorethri ye-electrophysiology, amadivayisi athile angase afakwe. Amadivayisi asetshenziswa ukwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo yile:

• I-Pacemaker Ehlala Njalo: Le divayisi ithumela ama-pulse amancane kagesi emisipheni yenhliziyo, isiza ukugcina ukushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile futhi ivimbele inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye kancane kakhulu.
• I-Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Le divayisi iqapha njalo isigqi senhliziyo yakho. Uma ithola isigqi senhliziyo esisheshayo nesingavamile, ibangela ukushaqeka emisipheni yenhliziyo ukuze isize ukuyibuyisela esigqini esijwayelekile. Le divayisi yelapha izigqi zenhliziyo ezimbili ezisongela ukuphila ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Ventricular Tachycardia kanye ne-Ventricular Fibrillation .
• Ama-Pacemaker nama-Defibrillator e-Biventricular (BV): Abizwa nangokuthi i-Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) , la madivayisi asiza ukuvumelanisa ukufinyela kwe-ventricle yakho yangakwesobunxele. Ngaphezu kwama-lead (izintambo ezincane) eziya ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo, kukhona futhi i-lead eya kwi-ventricle yangakwesobunxele. Lokhu kungadingeka kubantu abanesifo senhliziyo kanye nokufinyela okungahlelekile kwe-ventricle yangakwesobunxele.

5. Ukuhlinzwa

Abantu abane-arrhythmia bangadinga ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ngalezi zizathu:

• Yelapha isifo senhliziyo esingase sibangele ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass .
• Inqubo ye-Maze: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukwelapha i-atrial fibrillation engenakulawuleka ngemithi noma ukwelashwa okungekhona ukuhlinzwa.
• Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angase afake izintambo ezincane ze-pacemaker enhliziyweni yakho esebenzisa amasu okuhlinzwa angangenisi kakhulu noma angangenisi kakhulu.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kanye nezinkinga zokwelashwa?

Imiphumela emibi kanye nezinkinga ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokwelashwa. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Imithi ye-Arrhythmia:
• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba
• Isiyezi
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Ukopha
• Isisu esibuhlungu
• Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo:
• Ukufakwa kwama-blood clots
• Imivimbo yesikhumba
• Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba
• Ukususwa kwe-Catheter:
• Ukopha
• Amahlule egazi
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Ukutheleleka
• Ukulimala emthanjeni noma esicutshini senhliziyo
• Ukuhlukaniswa Kwemithambo Yemiphunga:
• Ukungezwani nodayi (uma kusetshenzisiwe)
• Ukutheleleka
• Ukulimala enhliziyweni yakho, emqaleni noma emthanjeni
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Amadivayisi:
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi
• Ukutheleleka
• Ukopha
• Iphaphu eliwile
• Ukuhlinzwa:
• Ukopha
• Ukutheleleka
• Isifo sohlangothi
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isidingo se-pacemaker

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuzizwa ungcono ngemva kokwelashwa?

Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola imithi efanele kanye nomthamo we-arrhythmia yakho. Kuye ngenqubo noma ukuhlinzwa, ukululama kungathatha amasonto noma izinyanga. Uma unenqubo efana ne -Catheter Ablation noma i-Pulmonary Vein Isolation , ungase ube ne-arrhythmia amasonto amaningana ngenkathi ululama. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi ye-arrhythmia?

Ungenza lezi zinto ukunciphisa ingozi yakho ye-arrhythmia:

• Yeka ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Nciphisa noma yeka ukusebenzisa i-caffeine. Abanye abantu bazwela kakhulu i-caffeine. Bangase babe nezimpawu ezengeziwe uma bephuza imikhiqizo equkethe i-caffeine (itiye, ikhofi, i-cola, neminye imithi ethengwa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela).
• Ungathathi izikhuthazi. Qaphela izikhuthazi ezitholakala emithini yokukhwehlela kanye nemithi yomkhuhlane kanye nezithako zemithi noma zokudla okunempilo. Eminye yale mithi ingase ibe nezithako ezingabangela ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile. Funda ilebula bese ubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yimuphi umuthi okulungele wena.
• Lawula umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• Zama ukugcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Lawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho.
• Thola ukwelashwa kwe-sleep apnea.
• Gwema imisebenzi ebonakala ibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-arrhythmia?

Kuye ngohlobo lwesifo senhliziyo onayo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezincane noma ezinzima, noma ungase ungabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu. Ungase ungadingi ukwelashwa, kodwa abanye abantu bangadinga imithi noma inqubo. Ngokwelashwa kwezifo zenhliziyo, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo egcwele. Abanye abantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezingathi sína kakhulu bangangena ekumisweni kwenhliziyo , futhi bangase basinde noma bangasindi.

Ukuthi i-arrhythmia ihlala isikhathi esingakanani nakho kubalulekile. I-arrhythmia engenangozi iyafika futhi idlule kuye ngokuthi iyini imbangela. Kodwa-ke, abantu abanezinye izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia – ikakhulukazi labo abasengozini yokuma kwenhliziyo – bangadinga ukwelashwa impilo yonke.

Ngizinakekela kanjani?

Uma unesifo sokusha kwenhliziyo, kungaba usizo ukwazi ukuthi ungayithatha kanjani i-pulse yakho . I-pulse yakho iyisilinganiso senhliziyo yakho, okuyinani lezikhathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngazo ngomzuzu. Amanani okushaya kwenhliziyo ayahlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Isilinganiso senhliziyo yakho siyahamba kancane uma uphumule futhi siyanda uma uzivocavoca. Isilinganiso senhliziyo esivamile (uma uphumule) siphakathi kwama-beats angu-60 no-100 ngomzuzu. Uma une- tracker yokufaneleka komzimba noma i-smartwatch , ungayisebenzisa ukuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umndeni wakho nabangani bayazi ukuthi bangazibona kanjani izimpawu ze-arrhythmia yakho. Uzozizwa ungcono uma befunda ukwenza i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) .

Yiziphi izinto ongeke uzidle noma uziphuze uma unalesi simo?

Uma une-arrhythmia, kufanele unciphise ukudla kwakho utshwala ne-caffeine, kokubili okungabangela i-arrhythmia.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Uzokutshela ukuthi kufanele ubonane kangaki nodokotela wakho. Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu noma ziba zimbi kakhulu phakathi kokuqokwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho .

Kufanele uhlale ubona udokotela ngalezi zinto:

• Bheka ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kwe-arrhythmia kuyasebenza yini.
• Lungisa umuthi wakho kahle.
• Bona ukuthi amadivayisi afakiwe asebenza kahle kangakanani.
• Qiniseka ukuthi uphilile futhi awunazo ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha.

Kufanele ngiye nini e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Isiyezi.
• Iziqephu zokuquleka.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Eminye imibuzo ongase ufune ukuyibuza udokotela wakho:

• Uhlobo luni lwe-arrhythmia enginalo?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukwelashwa?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngilondoloze idivayisi yami?

Kunezindlela eziningi inhliziyo yakho engashaya ngazo ngokungajwayelekile. Ezinye zalezi zinhliziyo ezingajwayelekile, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-arrhythmia, azibangeli zimpawu. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho uma unezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okukhulu noma ubuhlungu besifuba. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi unqume izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu kuwe, kodwa ungazisiza ngokwenza izinguquko ezifanele endleleni yokuphila.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile, noma i-arrhythmia, kungase kungabi kubi kwabanye abantu, kodwa kungaba yingozi empilweni yabanye. Ngakho-ke, uma unesicanucanu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma isiyezi esivamile, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Uma kutholakale kusenesikhathi futhi kwelashwa kahle, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile. Ungesabi, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela.

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo , i-Arrhythmia, Isifo Senhliziyo, Ubuhlungu Besifuba, i-ECG, Ukwelashwa Kwenhliziyo, Ukungahambi Kahle Kwenhliziyo