Zingaki izikhathi esizisebenzisa ngazo izihlakala zethu emisebenzini yansuku zonke? Cabanga nje, ukuvula ibhodlela lamanzi, ukuvula umnyango, ukubhala, ukudla ukudla, ukusebenzisa ifoni yethu... Sidinga izihlakala zethu cishe kuyo yonke into encane esiyenzayo nsuku zonke. Ngakho-ke kuyacasula kangakanani uma izihlakala zethu ziqhubeka zibuhlungu, zivuvukele, futhi kunzima kangaka ukuyenza? Ngokuvamile, isifo samathambo singaba yimbangela eyinhloko yalokhu buhlungu obuqhubekayo bezihlakala, ukuvuvukala, nokuqina. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla nje.
Kalula nje, kuyini isifo samathambo esihlakaleni?
I-arthritis iwukuguguleka kancane kancane kwe-cartilage ngaphakathi kwamalunga ethu. Cabanga ngayo njengezingxenye ezimbili zomshini. I-cartilage isebenza 'njengesithwali' esisiza lezi zingxenye ezimbili ukuba zihambe kahle ngaphandle kokuguguleka ndawonye. Ku-arthritis, le 'cushion' ebizwa ngokuthi i-cartilage iyaguguleka bese amathambo amabili eqala ukuguguleka ngqo komunye nomunye. Yilapho izinto ezifana nobuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, nokuqina kwamalunga kwenzeka khona.
Ingalo yethu empeleni iyilungu eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emzimbeni. Linamathambo amaningi amancane axhumene. Ngakho-ke lesi simo se-arthritis singathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yaleli lungu. Yisimo esingamahlalakhona esiqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-arthritis ezithinta isihlakala?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-arthritis ezithinta isihlakala. Zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko. Eyokuqala uhlobo oluvela ngaphandle kokuvuvukala. Enye uhlobo oluvela nokuvuvukala.
Ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo ngokucacile kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lwe-arthritis | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izinhlobo ezenzeka ngaphandle kokuvuvukala | |
| I-Osteoarthritis | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Kalula nje, ukuwohloka kwe-cartilage emalungeni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kuvame kakhulu njengoba siguga. Kuvame kakhulu nakubantu abenza imisebenzi ebeka isisindo esikhulu ezihlakaleni zabo (isib., abachwepheshi, ababazi) futhi banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo. |
| I-arthritis yangemva kwenhlekelele | Isimo esenzeka lapho i-cartilage esihlakaleni yonakele ngemva kwengozi (isib. ukuwa, ingalo ephukile). Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, noma kungaholela ku-osteoarthritis. |
| Izinhlobo ezihambisana nokuvuvukala | |
| Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wethu ehlasela amalunga ethu ngephutha. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwamalunga futhi kubhubhise uqwanga. Lokhu kuvame ukuthinta izihlakala zombili ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa kungathinta namanye amalunga emzimbeni. |
| I-Psoriatic arthritis | Abanye abantu abane-psoriasis bangaba nalesi simo samathambo, okubangela ukuvuvukala emalungeni amancane ezandla nezinyawo. |
| Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Septic arthritis | Uma ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma ngegciwane kungena emzimbeni, amagciwane aya esilungwini futhi abangele ukuvuvukala. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo nesinzima. |
| I-Gout | Uma amazinga e-uric acid emzimbeni ekhuphuka, kuba namakristalu amancane, afana nenaliti okufakwa kwe-asidi emalungeni. Lokhu kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala. Ngokuvamile kuthinta uzwane olukhulu kuqala, kodwa kungathinta nesihlakala. |
Ziyini izimpawu zesifo samathambo esihlakaleni?
Izimpawu zingase zihluke kancane kuye ngohlobo lwe-arthritis, kodwa kunezinye izimpawu ezivamile.
Uphawu oluyinhloko ubuhlungu esihlakaleni sonke.Ku-osteoarthritis, lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengobuhlungu obungajabulisi, obubuhlungu. Ezimweni zokuvuvukala njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, kungaba ubuhlungu obubukhali, obuvuthayo.
Ngokuvamile, ubuhlungu bungakhula lapho kwenziwa izinto ezifana nalezi:
- Uma uvula into efana nejamu noma ibhodlela lamanzi
- Uma uvula ukhiye womnyango
- Uma uthayipha kukhompyutha
- Uma usonga indwangu
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zici zingabonakala futhi:
- Ilunga liyavuvukala, libomvu, noma lizwakala lifudumele uma ulithinta.
- Ukuqina nobuhlungu lapho ushukumisa noma ugoba ingalo (ukwehla kwebanga lokunyakaza).
- Ukuzizwa uqinile futhi uqinile emalungeni uma uvuka ekuseni . Lokhu kuncipha kancane kancane njengoba usuku luqhubeka.
- Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka esandleni nasesihlakaleni.
- Umsindo othi "ka-ka-ka" noma "kiki-kiki" uzwakala lapho isihlakala sinyakaziswa.
- Ungase uzwe ukungabi namizwa noma umuzwa wokucasuka esihlakaleni sakho. Lokhu kungase kuhlobane nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Carpal tunnel syndrome."
Isimo esifana ne-osteoarthritis singathinta isihlakala esisodwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, isimo sokuvuvukala esifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis sivame ukuthinta izihlakala zombili ngesikhathi esisodwa . Amanye amalunga omzimba nawo angathinteka. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, kanye nokuqubuka kwesikhumba nakho kungahambisana nalezi zimo zokuvuvukala.
Itholakala kanjani i-arthritis?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela . Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese ehlola isihlakala sakho. Bazokuhlola ukuthi ungakwazi yini ukugoba, ukuqondisa, nokujika isandla sakho. Bazohlola noma yikuphi ukuvuvukala noma ukukhubazeka.
Ngemva kwalokho, ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu kungayalwa ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile uhlobo lwe-arthritis:
- I-X-ray: Lokhu kungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukuncishiswa kwesikhala phakathi kwamathambo esihlanganisi, ukuguguleka kwe-cartilage, noma umonakalo emathanjeni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza ekuhloleni izimpawu zokuvuvukala egazini, ikakhulukazi uma kusolwa isimo sokuvuvukala njenge-rheumatoid arthritis.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-arthritis yesandla?
Kunemigomo emibili eyinhloko lapho welapha isifo samathambo. Eyokuqala ukulawula izimpawu zakho (ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala) . Enye ukuyeka noma ukunciphisa umonakalo owengeziwe emalungeni , uma kungenzeka. Odokotela bavame ukuqala ngemithi elula nelula. Kuphela uma lokho kungazilawuli izimpawu lapho beqhubekela khona ekwelashweni okuthuthukile.
Ukwelashwa okulula okufanele ukuzame kuqala
Lezi yizinto ongazenza ngisho nasekhaya.
1. Ukwelashwa ngokushisa/ngomkhuhlane:Zombili lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu. Uma ilunga livuvukile futhi lifudumele, ukusebenzisa iphakethe leqhwa kuzonciphisa ukuvuvukala. Uma ilunga liqinile ekuseni, ukulifaka emanzini ashisayo noma ukubamba isandla sakho esitsheni samanzi afudumele kunganciphisa ukuqina.
2. Iziqeda-zinhlungu: Ungasebenzisa iziqeda-zinhlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela njenge-paracetamol noma izidakamizwa ezingezona eze-steroidal ezilwa nokuvuvukala (ama-NSAID) (isib. i-ibuprofen, i-diclofenac). Iziqeda-zinhlungu ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwemithi nazo zingasiza. Kodwa khumbula, kungcono ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubonisana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi.
3. Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Udokotela wezokwelapha ngokomzimba angakufundisa ukuzivocavoca okuthile ukusiza ukuqinisa isihlakala sakho nokwandisa ukuguquguquka. Ukuzivocavoca njalo nokuthambile kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini ezizungeze ilunga futhi kuvimbele ukuqina.
4. Shintsha isimiso sakho: Nakuba eminye imithambo yomzimba ilungile, ukwenza uhlobo olufanayo lomsebenzi olufaka ingcindezi esihlakaleni sakho kungenza isifo samathambo sibe sibi kakhulu. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha angakweluleka ngokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani isimiso sakho sansuku zonke ukuze unciphise ingcindezi esihlakaleni sakho.
Ukwelashwa okukhethekile okunqunywe udokotela
Uma ubuhlungu kunzima ukubulawula ngokwelashwa okulula, udokotela wakho angakuthumelela kulezi zinhlobo zokwelapha.
- Imijovo ye-Cortisone: Lena imijovo ye-steroid. Le mijovo ifakwa ngqo esihlathini. Inikeza impumuzo esheshayo nesheshayo ekuvuvukeni nasebuhlungwini. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yayo ingeyesikhashana.
- Imijovo ye-plasma ecebile ngama-platelet (PRP): Lokhu kuyindlela entsha yokwelapha i-osteoarthritis. Kuhilela ukuthatha ama-platelet egazini lakho bese uwabuyisela emalungeni. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuthi lokhu kungakhuthaza ezinye ze-cartilage ezonakele ukuthi ziphinde zikhule.
- Amaphilisi e-steroid aphuzwayo: Lawa asetshenziselwa ukulawula izimo zokuvuvukala njenge-rheumatoid arthritis. Acindezela ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi anciphise ukuvuvukala.
- I-DMARDS: Lokhu kusho ukuthi "imithi yokuguqula izifo elwa namathambo". Le yimithi ekhethekile enikezwa ukwelapha izifo ezizimele njenge-rheumatoid arthritis. Ishintsha indlela yesifo futhi inciphise umonakalo emalungeni.
Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa.
Uma zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zihluleka ukulawula ubuhlungu, noma uma isifo samathambo sinzima kangangokuthi kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke, udokotela angase atuse ukuhlinzwa.
1. Ukususwa kwe-carpectomy yomugqa oseduze:Lokhu kuhilela ukususa amathambo amancane amaningana (amathambo e-carpal) esihlakaleni abangela ubuhlungu. Lokhu kuvumela amathambo asele ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kokulimaza.
2. Ukuhlinzwa kokuhlanganiswa kwamalunga: Kulokhu, izingcezu zamathambo ezibuhlungu zihlanganiswa ndawonye ngezikhonkwane nezikulufo. Njengoba amathambo elungisiwe, ubuhlungu buyanyamalala. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kwalokhu, ikhono lokugoba nokuzungezisa isihlakala liyalahleka.
3. I-arthroplasty yesihlakala: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ilunga elilimele bese kufakwa ilunga lokwenziwa elenziwe ngensimbi noma ngepulasitiki. Lokhu kungadambisa ubuhlungu futhi kulondoloze ukunyakaza okuthile kwesihlakala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ungabunaki ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo, ukuvuvukala, noma ukuqina esihlakaleni sakho. Kungaba uphawu lokuqala lwe-arthritis.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-arthritis. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuthi hlobo luni oluqondile onalo bese uthola ukuxilongwa okufanele.
- Abantu abaningi bangaphatha ubuhlungu babo kahle futhi baphile impilo ejwayelekile ngokwelashwa okulula (ukwelashwa ngokushisa/ngokubandayo, ukuzivocavoca, imithi yobuhlungu).
- Uma ubuhlungu bakho buphazamisa impilo yakho yansuku zonke, ungangabazi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo. Uzokusiza ukuthi wenze isinqumo esingcono kakhulu, ngolwazi olufanele, noma ngabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka.
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