Ingabe inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha ngokuzumayo? Ake sifunde ngalokhu (Atrial Flutter)!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho sishaya ngokushesha kakhulu, kodwa ngesigqi esifanayo? Kufana nesigubhu sishaya ngokushesha, kodwa ngesigqi esivamile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezinye izikhathi uma ukhathazekile noma wesaba. Kodwa-ke, uma lokhu kwenzeka njalo, noma uma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu, kungaba uphawu lwesifo senhliziyo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Atrial Flutter)`. Ake sibheke ukuthi kuyini, kungani kwenzeka, nokuthi yini ongayenza ngakho.

Kuyini `(Atrial Flutter)`? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, `(Atrial Flutter)` yisimo lapho amakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo yethu, i-`atria`, eqala ukushaya ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa ngendlela efanayo, ngendlela ethile. Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi isigqi senhliziyo esingavamile (`supraventricular arrhythmia`) esiqala ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zenhliziyo.

Cabanga ngakho, uma sihleli nje sithule, siphumule, izinhliziyo zethu zishaya phakathi kwezikhathi ezingu-60 ne-100 ngomzuzu. Leso yisilinganiso senhliziyo enempilo. Kodwa kumuntu ono-"Atrial Flutter", izingxenye ezingaphezulu zenhliziyo, i-atria, zingashaya ngokushesha okufika ku-250 kuya ku-350 ngomzuzu! Ungacabanga ngalelo jubane? Lapho i-atria ishaya ngokushesha kangaka, amakamelo amabili aphansi enhliziyo, "ama-ventricle", nawo kufanele ashaye ngokushesha ngenxa yokusabela. Ngezinye izikhathi izikhathi ezingu-150 ngomzuzu noma ngisho ngokushesha.

Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukungasebenzi kahle kwezimpawu zikagesi zenhliziyo. Inhliziyo yethu ishaya sisebenzisa uhlelo lwezimpawu ezisebenza njengemiyalezo kagesi. Lokhu kwenzeka uma kunenkinga noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwalezi zimpawu.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ze-`(Atrial Flutter)`?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko ze-`(Atrial Flutter)`. Udokotela angabona ngqo ukuthi hlobo luni ngokubheka i-`(ECG)` yakho, okungukuthi, igrafu yokuhlolwa elinganisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

• `I-Atrial Flutter Ejwayelekile` (lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu): Kulokhu, izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile zihamba ngendlela ephambene newashi (ngokuphambene newashi, njengewashi) ngaphakathi kwe-atrium efanele yenhliziyo.
• `I-Reverse Typical Atrial Flutter`: Kulokhu, izimpawu zikagesi zihamba ngendlela yewashi (ngokulandelana kwewashi) ngaphakathi kwe-atrium efanele.
• I-Atypical Atrial Flutter (lokhu akuvamile kangako, ikakhulukazi uma ungakaze uhlinzwe inhliziyo noma uhlinzwe i-ablation ngaphambilini, okubhubhisa ezinye zezicubu zenhliziyo): Kulokhu, izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile zingavela ku-atrium yesobunxele noma yesokudla. Ngezinye izikhathi, lezi zimpawu zingahamba eduze kwezicubu zesilonda ezibangelwa ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Atrial Flutter)`?

Kuyamangalisa ukuthi abanye abantu abane-Atrial Flutter ababonisi zimpawu . Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi bangase babe nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ukuphelelwa umoya: Umuzwa wokuminyana noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
• Isiyezi: Umuzwa wokuzungeza nobunzima bokuma.
• Ukukhathala ngokomzimba: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ungakwazi ukwenza lutho.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Umuzwa wenhliziyo yakho ishaya kakhulu futhi ngokushesha ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho. Abanye abantu bangase bakuzwe lokhu entanyeni noma emphinjeni.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo: Uma uzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, kuzoshesha kakhulu.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina: Kungase kuzwakale sengathi isifuba sakho siyacinana, noma kungase kuzwakale kubuhlungu.
• Ukuzizwa sengathi uzoquleka (uquleka): Kungazelelwe amehlo akho aphenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, bese uzizwa sengathi uzoquleka.
• Ukungaqondi kahle : Umuzwa wokuba namahloni futhi ungakwazi ukuqhubeka unyathela phansi.

Lezi zimpawu zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kwabanye abantu, ziyafika zidlule, kanti kwabanye, zingase zibe njalo.

Kungani lokhu `(Atrial Flutter)` kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuthi izimpawu zikagesi ku-atria yenhliziyo zivezwa ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kaningi. Yingakho i-atria iqala ukufinyela kakhulu. Kunezizathu eziningana ezingaba nomthelela kulokhu:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwamavalvu enhliziyo: Uma amavalvu enhliziyweni engavali noma engavuli kahle.
• Izimo zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo: Abanye abantu bazalwa benokukhubazeka okuthile kwenhliziyo.
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo: Ukuncipha noma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Isimo lapho inhliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele emzimbeni.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
• I-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile (i-Hyperthyroidism): Ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwama-hormone e-thyroid.
• Izifo zamaphaphu: Isibonelo, i-COPD.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo kwakamuva.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba ne-"Atrial Flutter"?

Ingozi yokuthola i-"Atrial Flutter" iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Kutholakale nokuthi amadoda anamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo kunabesifazane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izimo zezokwelapha kanye nemikhuba nakho kungandisa le ngozi:

• Uma unezinye izifo zenhliziyo (isib. ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo se-valve).
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
• Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid (ikakhulukazi i-hyperthyroidism).
• Isifo Sikashukela (`Isifo Sikashukela`).
• Izifo zamaphaphu (isib. Isifo Esingamahlalakhona Sokuvimbela Amaphaphu - `COPD`, `Pulmonary Embolism`).
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile (`Inkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala`).
• Ukuphefumula okuvimbelayo kokulala.
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele ngenxa ye-`(Atrial Flutter)`?

Uma une-`(Atrial Flutter)`, inhliziyo yakho ayisebenzi kahle. Cabanga ngayo njengomugqa wokuhlanganisa efektri. Igazi ligeleza lisuka kwelinye igumbi liye kwelinye ngaphambi kokuba liphume enhliziyweni.

Kodwa uma une-`(Atrial Flutter)`, kufana nokuthi indawo yokuqala yokusebenza kulo `mugqa wokuhlanganisa` isebenza ngokushesha kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi i-atria yenhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha, ayinaso isikhathi sokugcwalisa igazi kahle. Futhi, lonke igazi eliku-atria alinaso isikhathi sokuthuthela emakamelweni aphansi (`ama-ventricles`). Ngenxa yalokho , umzimba awutholi igazi elanele elimpompiwe.

Lokhu kungabangela izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu:

1. Ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nesifo sohlangothi noma ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ngenxa yokuthi asikho isikhathi esanele sokuba lonke igazi ligeleze lisuka ku-atria, elinye igazi lihlala ku-atria. Leli gazi elihlala endaweni eyodwa lingaba amahlwili egazi. Uma la mahlwili egazi eya ebuchosheni, angabangela ukukhubazeka, futhi uma ebhajwa emithanjeni yenhliziyo, angabangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Lena yinkinga eyingozi kakhulu ye-`(Atrial Flutter)`.

2. I-Cardiomyopathy kanye Nokwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Uma inhliziyo iqhubeka nokushaya ngokushesha okukhulu, imisipha yenhliziyo ingakhathala futhi ibe buthaka. Futhi, amakamelo angaphansi enhliziyo awanayo isikhathi sokugcwalisa kahle, ngakho-ke inani legazi elimpontshelwa yinhliziyo liyancipha. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, inhliziyo ingaba sesimweni sokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu: I-Atrial Flutter akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula. Uma ingelashwa kahle, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu.

Ungayixilonga kanjani i-atrial flutter?

Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, udokotela angase akuhlole futhi, uma kudingeka, enze ezinye zezivivinyo ezilandelayo:

• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG noma EKG): Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu. Siqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yakho. Uma une-atrial flutter, imigqa egrafuni izovela ngephethini ethile , njengephethini ye-sawtooth noma iphethini ye-picket fence .
• `I-Echocardiogram` (I-Echo): Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungahlola amahlule egazi e-atria yenhliziyo. Kungahlola nesimo sama-valve enhliziyo kanye nokusebenza kwemisipha yenhliziyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukuhlola indlala yegilo esebenza ngokweqile, ukungalingani kwama-electrolyte egazini, noma ezinye izinkinga.
• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu: Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuthi amaphaphu asebenza kahle kangakanani, njengoba ezinye izifo zamaphaphu zingathinta nesigqi senhliziyo.
• ``Isiqaphi se-Holter'' noma ``Isiqaphi semicimbi'':Ngezinye izikhathi uma uya kudokotela, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kungase kuphele. Uma lokho kwenzeka, ungase ucelwe ukuthi ugqoke idivayisi encane eqopha ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho izinsuku ezimbalwa.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(Atrial Flutter)`?

Uma welapha i-atrial flutter, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo esibangela lokhu. Isibonelo, uma kunenkinga ye-thyroid, leyo iyalashwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela ezithile zokwelapha i-atrial flutter. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi nezinqubo.

Abantu abaningi bangaphatha lesi simo ngemithi. Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, kunemiphumela emibi engaba khona, kodwa izingozi ngokuvamile zincane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinzuzo. Uma umuthi ungasebenzi, udokotela wakho angase asikisele ezinye izinqubo.

Imithi

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi enikezwa `(Atrial Flutter)` yilezi:

• Imithi yokwehlisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kufaka phakathi imithi ebizwa ngokuthi ``i-Calcium channel blockers'' kanye ``i-Beta-blockers.'' Le mithi isebenza ngokulawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Imithi yokulwa nokushaya kwenhliziyo: Le mithi izama ukuvimba isigqi senhliziyo esisheshayo nesingavamile bese isibuyisela esigqini esijwayelekile.
• Ama-anticoagulant noma ama-blood thinner: Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Le mithi inikezwa ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla futhi kubangele izinto ezifana nokukhubazeka.

Izinqubo Zezokwelapha

Uma imithi yodwa inganele, ungenza nezinto ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhilela ukubuyisela izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo esimweni esijwayelekile, kungaba ngemithi noma ngokushaqeka okuncane ngogesi esifubeni. Lokhu kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia, ukuze ungazizwa ubuhlungu.
• Ukususwa Kwe-Catheter: Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha eyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Kulokhu, kufakwa ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) ngomthambo wegazi oholela enhliziyweni, lithole indawo encane yezicubu enhliziyweni ebangela izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile, bese liyibhubhisa kusetshenziswa i-radiofrequency noma i-cryoablation. Lokhu kumisa izimpawu ezingavamile.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Pacemaker noma i-ICD (ICD) Cardioverter Defibrillator: Uma usuvele unayo idivayisi enjalo efakwe enhliziyweni yakho, ungazama ukulawula i-atrial flutter ngokushintsha izilungiselelo zayo.

Ingabe kukhona izinkinga ekwelashweni?

Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi kube nezinkinga ezincane ezivela ekwelashweni okufana nokuthi ``(Catheter Ablation)```. Isibonelo:

• Ukutheleleka
• Ukopha
• Ukulimala emthanjeni wegazi
• Amahlule egazi
• Isifo sohlangothi (esingavamile kakhulu)

Kodwa-ke, lezi zingozi zivame ukuba ziphansi kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu kahle.

Kusebenza kangakanani lokhu kwelashwa?

• `Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo`: Lokhu kunezinga lempumelelo eliphakathi kuka-70% no-90%. Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abangu-70-90 kwabayi-100 bazophinde bashaye ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngendlela evamile.
• Ukususwa kwe-Catheter: Kwabanye abantu, ingozi yokuphindaphindeka kwe-atrial flutter ngemva kokususwa kwe-catheter ingaphansi kuka-5%. Kodwa-ke, leli zinga lempumelelo lingahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-atrial flutter kanye nesimo sesiguli. Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana ne-atrial flutter engavamile, izinga lempumelelo lingafinyelela ku-70%.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngemva kokwelashwa?

Ngemva kokukhipha isisu, ngokuvamile udinga ukuqaphela kancane ngesonto lokuqala. Uzotshelwa ukuthi ungenzi lutho njengokuphakamisa izinsimbi noma ukushayela cishe isonto lonke. Ngemva kwalokho, ungabuyela kancane kancane emisebenzini evamile.

Ingabe i-Atrial Flutter ingavinjelwa?

Ezinye izinto eziyingozi, njengobudala, azikwazi ukulawulwa. Kodwa-ke, izinto ezifana nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala zingasiza ekunciphiseni le ngozi. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingabangela ukuguguleka kwe-atrial (njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, nezinkinga ze-thyroid).

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ngine-`(Atrial Flutter)`?

I-Atrial Flutter yisimo esivame ukuba nzima ukuselapha ngokuphelele futhi sinomngcipheko omkhulu wezinkinga ezifana nesifo sohlangothi, ngakho-ke kuzodingeka ubone udokotela wakho ukuze uthole ama-aphoyintimenti okulandelela impilo yakho yonke. Kubalulekile ukungaphuthelwa yila ma-aphoyintimenti, njengoba i-Atrial Flutter ivame ukuphinda ibuye. Lokhu kungaholela ekulalisweni njalo esibhedlela kwabanye abantu.

Kufanele ngizinakekele kanjani?

• Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti akho okulandelela nodokotela wakho. Njalo ngonyaka, udokotela wakho uzohlola ubungozi bakho bokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi, ecabangela ezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha. Uma ubungozi bakho buphezulu, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uqhubeke nokuthatha ama-anticoagulant.
• Thatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi.
• Yenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila enempilo (isib., yeka ukubhema, yeka utshwala, yidla ukudla okunempilo, uvivinye umzimba).

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela wami?

Kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho ngezikhathi ezithile. Okwamanje, uma une-allergy kunoma yimuphi umuthi owunikezwayo, noma uma izimpawu zakho zishintsha, ziba zimbi kakhulu, noma uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, bonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER)?

Uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kushesha kunokushaya okungu-150 ngomzuzu (okungakuzwa ngokubheka ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho) ngenkathi uphumule, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha, futhi uma kudingeka, uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo. Futhi, uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, kufanele nakanjani uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungase ucabangele ukubuza imibuzo efana nalena lapho uhlangana nodokotela:

• Ingabe ngine-`(Atrial Flutter)` noma olunye uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo?
• Yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kimi? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga?
• Iyini ingozi yami yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi? Yini engingayenza ukuze ngiyinciphise?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngikhathazeke ngazo kakhulu?
• Yiziphi izinguquko okudingeka ngizenze endleleni yami yokuphila?

Ingabe i-`(Atrial Flutter)` iyingozi?

I-Atrial Flutter akuyona inkinga esongela ukuphila, kodwa iyisimo esibucayi. Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, uma ingelashwa, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila, njengohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa ungakhululekile uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kushesha kakhulu. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, udokotela wakho angakunikeza ukwelashwa okuhle kwe-`(Atrial Flutter)`. Lokhu kwelashwa kunganciphisa ingozi yokuthola lezi zinkinga eziyingozi. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ama-aphoyintimenti akho nodokotela wakho nokulandela imiyalelo yakhe. Udokotela wakho uzokusiza ukuthi unqume ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwesimo sakho.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izinto okufanele sizikhumbule kule ndaba?

• Ukuphaphazela kwe-Atrial yisimo lapho amakamelo aphezulu enhliziyo eshaya khona ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa ngendlela ethile.
• Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise ubunzima bokuphefumula, isiyezi, kanye nokuqina kwesifuba. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu.
• Into eyingozi kakhulu ingozi yokwakheka kwamahlule egazi futhi ibangele izinto ezifana nesifo sohlangothi .
• Lokhu kungatholakala kalula nge-ECG.
• Kukhona ukwelashwa okufana nemithi kanye ``(Ablation)''.
• Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze akulandelele impilo yakho yonke.
• Uma izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho ekuphumuleni lingaphezu kwama-beats angu-150 ngomzuzu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Uzokuchazela konke kahle.

Ukushaqeka kwe - Atrial, Ukushaya kwenhliziyo, Isifo Senhliziyo, I-ECG, I-Atrium, Amaseli, Ukukhubazeka, Ukushaya kwenhliziyo, Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo, Ukususwa Kwe-Catheter