Wake wageza emfuleni, echibini, noma emfudlaneni nabangani bakho ngosuku olushisayo? Wake wagxumela emanzini, wacwila, wadlala? Sonke siyakuthanda lokho. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kungaba nesitha esiyingozi kulawo manzi afudumele, athule esingawaboni? Namuhla sikhuluma ngesifo esingavamile kakhulu, kodwa esibi ngokulinganayo esibizwa ngokuthi " i-brain -eating amoeba." Ukuzwa leli gama kungaba yinto eyesabekayo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuba wethuke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngokugcwele.
Ngubani lo amoeba odla ubuchopho? (I-Amoeba Edla Ubuchopho)
Kalula nje, iyisidalwa esincane esakhiwe yiseli elilodwa. Ukuze kube sobala, igama lesayensi lalesi silwane se-amoeba yi-'Naegleria fowleri'. Bakhetha ukuhlala emanzini ahlanzekile afudumele, angalashwanga. Babizwa ngokuthi 'i-amoeba edla ubuchopho' ngoba uma lesi sidalwa ngandlela thile singena emzimbeni womuntu, siya ebuchosheni bese sibhubhisa izicubu lapho. Odokotela babiza ukutheleleka kobuchopho okubi kakhulu okubangelwa yi-'Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis' noma ``(PAM)``.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi okuwukuphela kwendlela lokhu kutheleleka okungakhula ngayo ukuthi amanzi angcolile aqukethe le amoeba angene ebuchosheni ngekhala .
Uma izimo zemvelo ziba zimbi, lawa ma-amoeba ayalala, njengokungathi asesimeni sokulala (ama-cyst). Lapho indawo ifudumala futhi ivuma, lawa ma-cyst ayaphinda asebenze futhi afune ukudla.
La ma-amoeba angahlala kuphi?
I-amoeba ye-`Naegleria fowleri` ithanda amanzi afudumele kakhulu, cishe ama-degree Celsius angu-46 (115 Fahrenheit). Ivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezifudumele emhlabeni jikelele.
| Izindawo Ezingenzeka Zama-Amoebas | Izindawo Ezingalindelekile |
|---|---|
| Amachibi namachibi afudumele, athule | Amanzi anosawoti (amanzi olwandle) |
| Imifula nemifudlana efudumele egeleza kancane, enamanzi aphansi | Amachibi okubhukuda afakwe i-chlorine kahle |
| Ixhaphozi | Amanzi ompompi ahlanzwe kahle |
| Amanzi omthombo angahlanzwanga | Akuthelelani ngokuphuza amanzi anegciwane |
| Iziphethu ezishisayo | Akuthelelani kusuka komunye umuntu onegciwane kuya komunye |
Ungenwa kanjani yileli gciwane?
Lokhu kuyinto okufanele wonke umuntu ayazi. Cabanga ngomuntu egxumela echibini lamanzi afudumele aqukethe lawa ma-amoeba. Uma amanzi ephuma ekhaleni , ama-amoeba anethuba lokuhamba aye phezulu ekhaleni lawo. Ukusuka lapho, ahamba ngemithambo yethu yokuhogela bese eya ngqo ebuchosheni.
Eqinisweni, ukudla okuvamile kwala ma-amoeba ngamabhaktheriya . Ubuchopho bomuntu buwumthombo wokudla ongalindelekile kubo. Ngakho-ke lokhu akulona ihloso, kodwa kuyisenzakalo esibi.
Ziyini izimpawu? Kuyingozi kangakanani?
Izimpawu zalesi sifo zifana kakhulu neze-viral meningitis ezigabeni zokuqala, okwenza kube nzima ukuxilonga kusenesikhathi.
- Izimpawu zokuqala:
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu
- Imfiva
- Intamo eqinile
- Isifiso sokudla
- Ukuhlanza
- Izinguquko kwinkumbulo nasekuziphatheni (isimo sengqondo esishintshile)
- Izimpawu zakamuva:
- Ukuquleka
- I-Coma
- Ukuphupha izinto ezingekho
- Umbono ofiphele
- Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka
Izimpawu zingavela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-2 kuya kweziyi-15 ngemva kokuba amanzi athelelekile engene ekhaleni. Uma izimpawu ziqala, lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukufa kuvame ukwenzeka zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-3 kuya kweziyi-7. Bambalwa abantu emhlabeni abasindile kulesi sifo. Izinga lokufa lingaphezu kuka-97%. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kubhekwa njengokutheleleka okubi kakhulu.
Ingabe lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyesabe ngempela?
Nakuba lokhu kutheleleka kuyingozi kakhulu, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi kuyisifo esingavamile kakhulu . Nakuba le amoeba ivame kakhulu endaweni ezungezile, ayivamile ukubangela i-PAM.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi abantu abaningi banama-antibodies alwa nale amoeba emizimbeni yabo. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi sike savezwa kule amoeba singazi, futhi amasosha ethu omzimba angase alwe nayo futhi asivikele.
Kuvame ukubikwa ukuthi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-13 kanye nabesilisa banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi banamathuba amaningi okuzibandakanya emidlalweni yasemanzini efana nale.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuthola lokhu kutheleleka. Ngokuvamile, ukutheleleka nge-PAM kuqinisekiswa kuphela ngemva kokuba isiguli sesishonile. Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela yisisombululo kuphela nesingcono kakhulu.
Singazivikela kanjani kulokhu?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Uma silandela izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula, singakwazi ukuzivikela ngo-99.9% wesikhathi kulokhu kutheleleka okuyingozi.
- Gwema amanzi afudumele, athule: Ikakhulukazi ehlobo, lapho amanzi emifuleni, emachibini, nasemachibini efudumala kakhulu. Phakathi nalezo zikhathi, nciphisa ukugeza, ukuntywila, nokudlala kulawo manzi ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Vikela ikhala lakho: Uma ubhukuda, ucwila emanzini, noma ugxuma emanzini anjalo, qiniseka ukuthi uvala ikhala lakho ngesandla sakho noma ugqoke i-nose clip. Umgomo lapha ukuvimbela amanzi ukuthi angangeni ngokushesha ekhaleni lakho.
- Ungavunguzi udaka phansi kwamanzi: Lawa ma-amoeba angaphila odakeni nasedakeni phansi kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke qaphela ukuthi ungavunguzi phansi lapho udlala emanzini.
- Sebenzisa amanzi afanele ukuhlanza ikhala lakho: Abanye abantu basebenzisa amadivayisi ahlukahlukene ukuhlanza ikhala. Uma wenza kanjalo, ungalokothi usebenzise amanzi ompompi angelashiwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, qiniseka ukuthi:
- Amanzi acwengekile
- Amanzi ahlanzekile
- Noma, sebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe abilisiwe cishe umzuzu.
Uma wena noma othile omaziyo eba nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, kanye nobuhlungu bentamo zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa ubhukuda emanzini ashisayo, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Futhi, tshela udokotela ukuthi awukho emanzini. Impendulo esheshayo ibalulekile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukutheleleka kwe-Amoeba okudliwa ubuchopho kuyisimo esingavamile kakhulu kodwa esibi kakhulu esibangelwa amanzi ahlanzekile afudumele, angcolile angena ebuchosheni ngekhala.
- Lesi sifo asidluliselwa ngokuphuza amanzi angcolile noma kusuka kumuntu onegciwane kuya komunye umuntu.
- Gwema ukuthola amanzi ekhaleni lakho lapho ubhukuda, ucwila emanzini, noma ugxumela emanzini afudumele, njengamachibi, amachibi, noma imifula ehamba kancane. Ukumboza impumulo yakho ngesandla sakho noma ukugqoka i-nose clip kuyindlela enhle yokuphepha.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise amanzi ompompi angelashwanga ukuhlanza impumulo yakho, sebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe noma acwengekile kuphela.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nekhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, umkhuhlane, kanye nokuqina kwentamo ngemva kokugeza emanzini anjalo, ungachithi isikhathi futhi funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
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