Siyaqonda ukwesaba, ukushaqeka, kanye nemibuzo eminingi ephakamayo uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza webele. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi ukuba nolwazi olufanele. Ngoba, akuwona wonke umdlavuza webele ofanayo. Kunezindlela zokwelapha eziqondiswe ngqo kwezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Nokho, enye indlela yokwelapha esetshenziswe ngempumelelo kubantu abaningi ukwelashwa ngama-hormone . Ake sixoxe ngayo namuhla.
Kuyini ukwelashwa ngama-hormone? Ingabe kulungile kuwo wonke umuntu?
Kalula nje, amahomoni athile emizimbeni yethu asiza ukukhula kwamaseli athile omdlavuza webele. Ngokukhethekile, amahomoni amabili abizwa ngokuthi i-estrogen ne-progesterone.
Cabanga ngamaseli omdlavuza njengezindlu ezincane. Amanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza ane-'iminyango' ekhethekile (ama-receptor) avumela la ma-hormone ukuthi angene. Sibiza umdlavuza onala ma -hormone receptor hormone ngokuthi i- . Odokotela, kungenzeka ukuthi nikuphawulile lokhu embikweni wenu ngokuthi i-ER-positive (iminyango ye-estrogen) noma i-PR-positive (iminyango ye-progesterone).
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kusebenza emidlavuzeni enala masango ama-hormone. Lokhu kwelashwa kuvala lawo masango noma kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwalawo ma-hormone emzimbeni. Lokhu kuphuca amangqamuzana omdlavuza "ukudla okunempilo" akudingayo, okubangela ukuba ayeke ukukhula noma afe.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi, uma amangqamuzana akho omdlavuza engenawo la ma-hormone receptors, okungukuthi, uma engenawo ama-hormone receptor , lokhu kwelashwa kwama-hormone ngeke kusebenze. Odokotela batusa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha kubantu abanjalo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokwelapha ngama-hormone?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zokwelapha ngama-hormone ezisetshenziswa umdlavuza webele. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha umuthi ofanele kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ezicini eziningi, okuhlanganisa iminyaka yakho, uhlobo lomdlavuza, nokuthi ngabe usudlule esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lokwelashwa | Inikezwa bani ngokuyinhloko? | Imiphumela emibi okufanele uyazi |
|---|---|---|
| I-Tamoxifen | Kwabesifazane banoma yimuphi ubudala (ngaphambi nangemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini). Umuthi osetshenziswe ngempumelelo amashumi eminyaka. | Ingozi ekhulayo kancane yomdlavuza wesibeletho, amahlule egazi emilenzeni nasemaphashini, isifo sohlangothi, ama-cataract kanye nokushisa okukhulu. |
| Ama-Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) Isibonelo: i-Anastrozole, i-Letrozole | Ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. | Ubuthakathaka bamathambo (i-Osteoporosis) kanye nengozi yokuphuka kwamathambo, ubuhlungu bamalunga nemisipha, izinkinga zokukhumbula, kanye nengozi eyengeziwe kancane yesifo senhliziyo. |
Okuningi mayelana ne-Tamoxifen
Leli iphilisi oliphuza nsuku zonke. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ukulithatha iminyaka eminingana, ngokuvamile iminyaka engaba mihlanu, kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokubuya komdlavuza kanye nengozi yokuthola umdlavuza omusha.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele futhi uqaphele imiphumela emibi esixoxe ngayo kulelo thebula. Ikakhulukazi ingozi yomdlavuza wesibeletho. Yingakho kuyimpoqo ukuthi uhlolwe njalo ngesinqe ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi. Futhi, uma uzwa ukopha okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Okuningi mayelana nama-Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs)
Lolu hlobo lomuthi lusebenza ngokuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone i-estrogen kwabesifazane ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini. Lokhu kunciphisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza i-hormone ayidingayo ukuze akhule.
Ingozi enkulu yalo muthi yi -osteoporosis , okuyingozi yokuthi amathambo abe buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha lo muthi nangesikhathi uwuthatha. Angase futhi akuncome ukuthi uthathe izithasiselo ze-calcium ne-vitamin D.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla, kunezinye izinhlobo zemithi esetshenziswayo, ikakhulukazi uma umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba (ezithuthukisiwe noma ezisakazekile).
Isibonelo, kunemithi efana ne-`Fulvestrant (Faslodex)` kanye ne-`Toremifene (Fareston)`. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemithi eminingi ethuthukisiwe ebizwa ngokuthi i-`Targeted Therapy` namuhla. I-`Palbociclib (Ibrance)`, i-`Abemaciclib (Verzenio)`, i-`Alpelisib (Piqray)` ziyizibonelo zemithi enjalo. Le mithi isebenza ngokugxila kumaprotheni athile asiza amangqamuzana omdlavuza ukukhula. Le mithi ivame ukunikezwa iziguli kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla.
Zonke lezi zinqumo zokwelashwa zenziwa ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho, uhlobo lomdlavuza, ubudala bakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuxoxa nganoma yimiphi imibuzo onayo nodokotela wakho.
Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kulabo abangakaze badlule esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (i-Ovarian Ablation)
Uma ungakafiki esikhathini sokuya esikhathini, okusho ukuthi uya esikhathini njalo , i-hormone eyinhloko ye-estrogen yomzimba wakho ikhiqizwa ama-ovari akho. Ngakho-ke, kumuntu onomdlavuza we-ER-positive, udokotela wakho angase anqume ukuvimba la ma-ovari ekukhiqizeni i-estrogen. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-ovarian ablation/suppression .
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu:
- Ukususwa kwama-ovari ngokuhlinzwa: Lena indlela ehlala njalo.
- Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kuma-ovari: Lokhu kungamisa unomphela ukusebenza kwama-ovari.
- Imithi yokuvimba ama-ovari ukuthi angasebenzi okwesikhashana: Imithi ebizwa ngokuthi `(LHRH) agonists` (ngokuvamile imijovo) isetshenziselwa lokhu. Uma nje uthatha le mithi, ama-ovari akho ngeke akhiqize ama-hormone.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi kanye nokucindezela la ma-ovari, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone njenge-tamoxifen kungaletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone akuyona indlela yokwelapha yonke imidlavuza yebele. Kunikezwa kuphela imidlavuza ene-hormone receptor-positive (ER/PR-positive) .
- Ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe (isib. i-Tamoxifen noma i-Aromatase Inhibitor) kuzonqunywa udokotela wakho, ngokusekelwe eminyakeni yakho kanye nesimo sakho sempilo.
- Yonke le mithi ingaba nemiphumela emibi. Ungesabi ngayo, qaphela nje ukuthi iyini. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udokotela anikeze izivivinyo ngesikhathi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngokukhululekile ngokwesaba kwakho, ukungabaza, kanye nemibuzo nethimba lakho lezokwelapha. Kuzoba amandla amakhulu ohambweni lwakho lokululama.
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