Ingabe isandla sakho siphukile? (Isandla Esiphukile) Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

O, ingabe ulimele isandla sakho? Mhlawumbe uwile washaya phansi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuyinto evamile ukuba isandla sakho sizizwe sibuhlungu futhi sivuvukele. Kodwa cishe awukwazi ukuthola ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuwukulimala okulula, noma ukuthi ithambo esandleni sakho liphukile, okubizwa ngokuthi `(Isandla Esiphukile)`, akunjalo? Ungakhathazeki, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngalezi zifo zesandla.

Ake sifunde kancane ngamathambo esandla?

Isandla sethu siyindalo emangalisayo, akunjalo? Siyiqoqo lamathambo amancane. Ukuze sibe neqiniso, kunamathambo angu-27 esandleni sakho kuphela. Odokotela bahlukanisa la mathambo abe amaqembu amathathu amakhulu ngokusekelwe endaweni yawo kanye nomsebenzi wawo:

• Ama-Carpals: Lawa amathambo amancane axhumanisa isandla sakho nesihlakala sakho.
• Ama-Metacarpal: Lawa ngamathambo angaphakathi kwesandla sakho anika isihlakala sakho ukuma.
• Ama-Phalanges: Lawa mathambo akha amalunga eminwe yakho kanye nesithupha sakho.

Ngakho-ke, isandla esiphukile simane nje siyithambo eliphukile kwelinye noma ngaphezulu kwamathambo angu-27. Khumbula, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungalungiswa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nge-splint (isisekelo esigcina isandla singanyakazi) noma i-cast (i-plaster cast). Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimpaphe ezibucayi, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe amathambo aphukile.

Enye into ebalulekile ukuthi uma isandla siphukile, ezinye izicubu ezithambile esandleni nazo zingalimala. Lokho kusho ukuthi:

• Ama-Ligaments (izicubu ezixhumanisa amathambo)
• Ama-tendon (izicubu ezixhumanisa imisipha namathambo)
• Imisipha
• Imizwa
• Imithambo yegazi

Konke lokhu kungaba nomthelela.

Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuphuka kwezandla?

Yebo, impela. Uma uphula ithambo esandleni sakho, udokotela akalichazi nje ngokuthi “Leli yithambo eliphukile.” Baphinde balihlukanise ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lokuphuka kwalo nokuthi ithambo liphukile kanjani.

Amanye ama-fracture ahlukaniswa ngokwesimo noma iphethini yokuphuka :

• Ukuphuka okuphambene: Ukuphuka kwethambo emzimbeni wonke.
• Ukuphuka kwe-oblique: Ukuphuka kwethambo nge-engela.
• Ukuphuka kwe-spiral: Ukuphuka lapho ithambo libonakala sengathi lisontekile.
• Ukuphuka kwengxenye: Ithambo eliqhekeka libe yizicucu eziningana.
• Ukuphuka okuhlanganisiwe: Ukuphuka lapho ithambo lichotshozwa khona ngokuphelele, liqhekeke libe yizicucu eziningi.
• Ukuphuka kwebhakede/okuthintekile: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ithambo licindezelwa ngaphakathi futhi liqhuma kancane ohlangothini olulodwa. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane, njengoba amathambo azo ethambile.

Kunezinye izinhlobo zokuphuka kuye ngokuthi kwenzeka kanjani :

• Ukuphuka kokucindezeleka:Ukuqhekeka okuncane ethanjeni okwakheka kancane kancane ngenxa yokucindezela okuqhubekayo endaweni efanayo. Lokhu kungenzeka kubadlali.
• Ukuphuka kwe-Avulsion: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-tendon noma i-ligament iphuma kanye nengxenye yethambo.

Isibonelo, ungase ube `nokuphuka kwe-metacarpal okuguquguqukayo`. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ithambo esandleni liphukile. Amanye amaphutha ezandla anamagama akhethekile. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa 'ngokuphuka kwebhokisi' . Yilokho kanye okwenzekayo lapho othile eshaya isihlakala sakhe ngento eqinile (njengodonga, ucingo) futhi ephula ithambo 'le-metacarpal' esandleni, ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olupinki.

Wonke la magama, zonke lezi zigaba, zisiza udokotela ukuthi aqonde ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuthi yiliphi ithambo eliphukile, kwenzekeni kulo, futhi akunike ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Kuvame kangakanani ukuphuka kwezandla?

Eqinisweni, ukuphuka kwezandla kuvame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Ikakhulukazi, ukuphuka kwamathambo e-metacarpal esandleni yikona okuvamile. Ngokwezibalo, oyedwa kwabayi-10 kubo bonke ukuphuka kwezandla emhlabeni ukuphuka kwe-metacarpal! Futhi, phakathi kwentsha eneminyaka ephakathi kwengu-18 no-34, lokhu kuwukulimala kwesandla okuvamile okubikiwe.

Ziyini izimpawu zengalo ephukile?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi yini ongase uyizwe futhi uyibone uma uphuka ingalo yakho. Ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu: Lokhu kuyinto eyinhloko.
• Ukuvuvukala: Kungase kube nokuvuvukala okukhulu eduze kwendawo yokuqhekeka.
• Ububele lapho uthinta noma ucindezela.
• Ubunzima bokuhambisa isandla, iminwe, kanye nesithupha.
• Ubuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba eduze kwendawo yokuqhekeka.
• Ngokuvamile kubonakala sengathi yiqhubu (ukukhubazeka) engalweni. Kungase kuzwakale sengathi ithambo liyaphuma.
• Izingxenye zesandla zingase zibonakale sengathi zeluliwe, noma zingase zisonteke. Ngezinye izikhathi iminwe ingaze ihlangane (`malrotation`).

Uma uphuka isandla, uvame ukubona umehluko ngokushesha. Ungase uqaphele ukuvuvukala, ukushintsha kombala, kanye neqhubu endaweni lapho kuqhekeke khona. Lokhu kuvuvukala nokuguquka kombala kungasakazeka kusuka endaweni lapho kuqhekeke khona kuye kwezinye izingxenye zesandla. Uma ithambo lisusiwe ngokuphelele ('ukuphuka okususiwe'), izingcezu zamathambo zingase zivele esikhumbeni. Lokho kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kancane.

Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuphuka kwamathambo esandleni?

Kunezizathu eziningi zokuthi kungani ithambo esandleni lingaphuka. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu:

• Ukuwa: Lena imbangela evame kakhulu. Ikakhulukazi uma uwa futhi kufanele usebenzise izandla zakho ukuze uzisekele. Cabanga ngakho, ngesikhathi useyingane, udlala, ugijima, ugxuma, noma uwe ebhayisikilini, akunjalo? Kungenzeka ngisho nalapho ushelela futhi uwe endlini yokugezela.
• Izingozi zezemidlalo:Izingozi ezinjalo zingase zenzeke uma ibhola elihamba ngokushesha lishaya isandla ngenkathi udlala ikhilikithi, lapho udlala imidlalo yokuxhumana efana ne-rugby nebhola, noma lapho uzijwayeza ubuciko bokulwa.
• Izingozi noma izingozi emsebenzini ngenkathi usebenza ngamathuluzi: Izinto ezifana nokuwa ngenkathi uphakamisa into esindayo, ukubanjwa kwesandla sakho emshinini, njll.
• Ukulimala: Uma kwenzeka ingozi enkulu, njengengozi yemoto.
• Ukushaya indawo eqinile: Abanye abantu bashaya izandla zabo odongeni noma eminyango uma bethukuthele. Lokho kungaphula kalula amathambo ezandleni zabo. Ngakho-ke ungalokothi ukwenze lokho.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto, ezinye izimo zempilo zingabangela nokuthi amathambo asesandleni abe buthakathaka futhi aphuke kalula. Isibonelo, kunezimila ezingezona ezomdlavuza (ezingenobungozi) ezibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-enchondroma', ezakheka ngaphakathi kwamathambo futhi ziwenze abe buthakathaka. Futhi, izimo ezibizwa ngokuthi 'i-osteoporosis' (isifo sokulahlekelwa amathambo) kanye ne -'osteopenia' (ubuningi obuphansi bamathambo) zingabangela ukuba amathambo abe buthakathaka futhi aphuke ngokungazelelwe, ngisho noma ewa kancane. Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi bane-'osteoporosis' kuze kube yilapho bephula ithambo. Ngoba alinazo izimpawu ezinkulu ekuqaleni.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuka ingalo?

Noma ubani angaphuka ingalo, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancane:

• Abantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40: Ngoba abantu balesi sikhathi bamatasa kakhulu.
• Abasubathi: Ikakhulukazi labo abadlala 'imidlalo yokuxhumana' kanye nalabo abenza ubuciko bokulwa.
• Abantu abanezimo zempilo ezithinta amathambo: njenge-osteoporosis okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla.

Udokotela wazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umuntu unengalo ephukile?

Uma uya kudokotela ozwa ubuhlungu engalweni, uzoqala akubuze ukuthi kwenzeke kanjani. Bese bezokuhlola ingalo yakho ngokomzimba. Bazobheka ukuvuvukala, ukuklwebheka, nokuthi ungayishukumisa yini ingalo yakho.

Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuze aqiniseke ukuthi ithambo elisesandleni sakho liphukile kuphi nokuthi ukuphuka kubonakala kanjani, udokotela uzoyala ukuhlolwa kwe-"X-ray" . I-"X-ray" iyindlela evame kakhulu yokubona ukuphuka ngokucacile. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi wenze i-"CT scan", ikakhulukazi uma uzohlinzwa.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha ingalo ephukile?

Indlela ophatha ngayo ingalo yakho ephukile incike ezintweni eziningana, okuhlanganisa ukuthi yiliphi ithambo eliphukile, uhlobo luni lokuphuka, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini ezinye izimo. Ukwelashwa okuvame kakhulu kufaka phakathi:

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesandla

Uma isandla sakho singabi sibi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi amathambo awaqhelelene kakhulu (ukuphuka okungahlali endaweni ethile), kungadingeka ukuthi ufake i-'splint' noma i-'cast'. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukugcina amathambo aphukile endaweni yawo futhi kuwasize aphinde ahlangane. Iningi labantu kuzodingeka ligcine isandla salo singashukumi cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kungadingeka ukuthi uphinde wenze i-'X-ray' ukuze uhlole ukuthi amathambo aphulukisa kahle yini.

Ukulungiswa kwamathambo (Ukunciphisa Okuvaliwe)

Uma ukuphuka kukhulu kakhulu, okusho ukuthi amathambo awasendaweni, kungadingeka ukuthi ube nenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-closed reduction ukuze uwahlele kabusha. Lokhu kuhilela udokotela ukucindezela ingaphandle lengalo yakho bese edonsa amathambo aphukile abuyele endaweni yawo. Ngesikhathi wenza lokhu, ungase ungezwa buhlungu futhi ungenza okunye kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• I-anesthetic yendawo inikezwa ukuze iqede kuphela indawo ezungeze ukuphuka.
• Kunikezwa imithi yokudambisa umzimba wonke futhi ikwenze uzizwe udakiwe kancane.
• Noma bakwenza lokhu ngokukulalisa ngokuphelele futhi bakunike umuthi wokubulala izinzwa ojwayelekile.

Ngemva kokunciphisa okuvaliwe, udokotela uzovimba ingalo yakho nge-splint noma i-cast.

Ukuhlinzwa Kwesandla Esiphukile

Uma "une-open fracture" (okusho ukuthi ithambo liphuke esikhumbeni) noma "u-comminuted fracture" (ithambo liphuke laba yizicucu eziningi), udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uhlinzwe. Futhi, uma kukhona umonakalo kwezinye izingxenye zesandla, njengemisipha, imisipha, noma imizwa, ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo "uzobuyisela" amathambo akho endaweni yawo, awavumele ukuthi alulame futhi akhule ndawonye. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwenza lokhu:

• Ukuqina kwangaphandle: Kulokhu, kufakwa izinduku zensimbi noma izintambo ngesandla ukuze kuqiniswe amathambo.
• Ukuqina kwangaphakathi: Kulokhu, kufakwa amapuleti amancane noma izikulufo ethanjeni ukuze kuqiniswe ithambo.

Ngemva kokuba ithambo selipholile, kungase kudingeke ukuthi wenze olunye ukuhlinzwa okuncane ukuze kususwe izinduku, amapuleti, nezikulufo ezifakiwe.

Ingabe izinkinga zingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Izinkinga ezibangelwa ukuhlinzwa kwesandla azivamile, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa ezingenzeka ngezinye izikhathi:

• ` Malunion` : Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amathambo akho aphukile engahlangani kahle, eba nokungahambi kahle kancane njengoba ephola.
• ` Okungewona ubumbano` : Amathambo akho awahlangene ngokuphelele noma awahlangene nhlobo.
• Ukutheleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis) : Uma une-break evulekile (lapho ithambo liphume khona esikhumbeni), usengozini enkulu yokuthi amagciwane angene enxebeni futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
• Ukuqina kwesandla : Abantu abaphuke isandla bavame ukuzwa ukuqina eduze kwethambo eliphukile nasemalungeni esandla, okwenza kube nzima ukunyakaza. Ukuzivocavoca okulula ongakwenza ekhaya kanye nokwelashwa ngokomsebenzi kungasiza ekunciphiseni lokhu kuqina.
• I-Acute Comppartment Syndrome (ACS) : Lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu. Ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kwemisipha yakho kungandisa ingcindezi futhi kuvimbele ukugeleza kwegazi ezicutshini. Lokhu kungaholela ekulimaleni kwemisipha nemizwa okungapheli. Yingakho odokotela bekhathazekile nangokuvuvukala.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi isandla siphole?

Ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi isandla sakho siphole kuncike ezintweni eziningana:

• Yiliphi ithambo elaphukile?
• Yini eyabangela ukuphuka (njengokuwa noma ingozi)?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa obeludinga?
• Ukuthi kukhona yini okunye ukulimala esandleni (isb. i-ligament edabukile).

Amacala amaningi okuphuka kwezingalo athatha cishe inyanga noma ezimbili ukuphola. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Kungcono ukubuza udokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo ngesikhathi esisebenza kahle kakhulu esimweni sakho.

Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngokugcwele bese uqala ukusebenza?

Ngisho nangemva kokuba ithambo selipholile, kusazothatha isikhathi ukuthi ululame ngokugcwele futhi ubuyele emisebenzini yakho evamile. Ukuqina kwesandla sakho kufanele kunciphe futhi amandla akho abuye. Iningi labantu lingaphinde liqale imisebenzi yomzimba, njengokudlala imidlalo, ngemva kwamasonto angaba ngu-8 (noma cishe izinyanga ezimbili) .

Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisana nodokotela wakho noma udokotela ohlinzayo ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimuphi umsebenzi noma umdlalo, ikakhulukazi uma uphuke ithambo ngenkathi wenza umsebenzi noma umdlalo othile.

Ungakwazi yini ukuvimbela ingalo ephukile?

Kungase kungenzeki ukuvimbela ingalo ephukile ngo-100% wesikhathi, njengoba izingozi zingase zenzeke ngesikhathi esingazilindele. Kodwa-ke, unganciphisa ingozi yokulimala ngokulandela lawa macebiso okuphepha ajwayelekile:

• Ungalokothi ushaye izindonga, iminyango, noma ezinye izindawo eziqinile uma uthukuthele noma ucasukile. Lokhu kuzolimaza isandla sakho kuphela.
• Gqoka ibhande lakho lesihlalo kahle njalo uma ugibele imoto.
• Gqoka imishini yokuzivikela efanele (isib. amagilavu) kuyo yonke imisebenzi noma imidlalo oyenzayo.
• Landela ukudla okucebile nge-calcium ne-vitamin D kanye nohlelo lokuzivocavoca ukuze usize ekugcineni amathambo enempilo enhle.
• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ubudala, noma uma kukhona emndenini wakho (umama, ubaba, izingane zakini) onesifo sokuwohloka kwamathambo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo .

Kufanele uye nini ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Uma ucabanga ukuthi unengalo ephukile, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu , hamba uye esibhedlela ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu abubekezeleleki.
• Uma ungakwazi ukuhambisa isandla sakho noma iminwe.
• Uma ukubukeka kwesandla sakho kushintshe kakhulu (njengokungathi seluliwe, lunamaqhubu).
• Uma ungabona ithambo liphuma esikhumbeni.
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu.
• Uma kuvela ubuluhlaza obusha ngokuzumayo kanye nalezi ezinye izimpawu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, ungabuza le mibuzo ukuze uthole ukuqonda okucacile ngesimo sakho:

• Uhlobo luni lokuphuka enginalo? (Yiluphi uhlobo olushiwo ngenhla?)
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlinzwa?
• Kuzodingeka ngigqoke i-splint noma i-cast isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ngizodinga isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa ngokomsebenzi?
• Kunini lapho kuphephile khona ukuqala kabusha imisebenzi yomzimba njengokudlala imidlalo?

Ungakwazi yini ukuxhawula isandla sakho noma ngabe siphukile?

Lona umbuzo abantu abaningi abawubuzayo. Kuye ngokuthi yiliphi ithambo esandleni sakho eliphukile nokuthi liphukile kangakanani, ungase ukwazi ukunyakaza nokusebenzisa isandla sakho kancane. Kodwa-ke, noma ungashukumisa isandla sakho, ungasiphoqi - ikakhulukazi uma sibuhlungu kakhulu uma usisebenzisa. Ukwenza kanjalo kungenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu.

Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi unethambo eliphukile esandleni sakho, kungcono ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Uma udokotela esheshe axilonge futhi elapha lesi simo, kulapho sizophola khona ngokushesha futhi mancane amathuba okuba nezinkinga.

Ingabe lokhu kuphuka kwengalo noma ukukhubeka nje?

Nakuba ukuphuka kwethambo kanye nokuklwebheka kuyizinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene zokulimala, kokubili kungenzeka ngenxa yengozi efanayo (isib. ukuwa).

• Ukuphuka kwethambo kwenzeka lapho ithambo lonakele futhi liqhekeka, liphukile, noma lichotshozwa.
• Ukuklwebheka kwenzeka lapho omunye wemisipha yakho (izicubu ezixhumanisa amathambo) welulwa noma udatshulwa. Ithambo eliphukile esandleni sakho lingabangela nokuklwebheka kwesihlakala noma umunwe ("umunwe ovalekile").

Ngezinye izikhathi, izimpawu zazo zombili ziyafana, ngakho-ke kungadingeka i-X-ray ukuze kutholakale ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile.

Siyahleka lapho othile ewa futhi ephuka ingalo noma eshaywa ngesandla ngesando kumakhathuni nakumamuvi. Kodwa empilweni yangempela, ukulimala kwezandla akulona ihlaya. Cabanga ngokuthi izandla zethu zibaluleke kangakanani lapho sixhumana nomhlaba osizungezile futhi senza imisebenzi yethu yansuku zonke. Ukuphuka ithambo esandleni sakho kusho ukuthi kufanele ufunde ukwenza isimiso sakho sansuku zonke ngendlela ehlukile amasonto, mhlawumbe isikhathi eside nakakhulu. Lokho kungaba yinselele enkulu.

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngakho-ke, uma ulimala ingalo yakho, ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nokuvuvukala, ucabange ukuthi, "Kuyinto encane nje." Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka bese uhlolwa. Uma udokotela esheshe athole ukuthi ingalo yakho iphukile futhi aqale ukwelashwa okufanele, maningi amathuba okuthi amathambo akho azophola kahle futhi ngokushesha. Ngemuva kwalokho ungabuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile ngokushesha. Hlala uphilile!

Ukuphuka kwesandla , ukuphuka kwethambo, ubuhlungu besandla, ukuvuvukala kwesandla, ukwelashwa kwesandla, ukuphuka kwebhokisi, i-cast, i-splint