Ingabe ingane yakho encane inenkinga yokuphefumula ngenxa yomkhuhlane? Ake sifunde nge-Bronchiolitis!

Ingabe ingane yakho inomkhuhlane futhi inenkinga yokuphefumula? Mhlawumbe yenza umsindo wokuphefumula esifubeni sayo. Uma kunjalo, lokhu kungaba yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-bronchiolitis ingane yakho engase ibe nayo. Ungakhathazeki, ake sixoxe ngakho ngokuningiliziwe, ukuthi kuyini, kungani kwenzeka, yiziphi izimpawu, nokuthi yini okufanele siyenze.

Kuyini i-bronchiolitis?

Kalula nje, i-bronchiolitis iwukutheleleka ngegciwane emaphashini ezingane ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili . Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi imigudu yomoya emincane kakhulu emaphashini engane, ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bronchioles , iyavuvukala futhi ibe mincane. Cabanga ngayo njengepayipi lamanzi elibhajwa ngemuva komphimbo wakho, okwenza kube nzima ngengane ukuphefumula.

Ungase uqaphele ukuthi ingane yakho inezimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile (njengekhala eligobhozayo nokukhwehlela), kanye nomsindo wokuphefumula lapho iphefumula. Lesi simo sivame ukuvame kakhulu ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo, njengobusika kanye nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo .

Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akukubi kangako, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba kubi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, kufanele unake kakhulu ukuphefumula kwayo futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha uma inenkinga yokuphefumula.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

I-Bronchiolitis iwukutheleleka okuvamile kwendlela yokuphefumula engezansi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala .

Ingabe i-bronchiolitis iyathelelana?

Yebo, impela. Amagciwane abangela i-bronchiolitis ayathelelana . Lawa magciwane asatshalaliswa ngamaconsi okuphefumula (`amaconsi okuphefumula`) akhishwa lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula. Lawa maconsi angaphefumulwa emoyeni, noma angawela ezindaweni ezivame ukuthintwa, njengamathoyizi nezibambo zomnyango, bese edluliselwa emlonyeni nasekhaleni lengane yakho ngokuwathinta.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-bronchiolitis ne-bronchitis?

La magama amabili afana kancane, ngakho-ke angadideka. Izimpawu nazo ziyafana kancane. Zombili lezi zimo zibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, futhi zombili zithinta imigudu yomoya emaphashini.

Kodwa nansi umehluko:

• I-bronchitis ithinta imigudu yomoya emikhulu (i-bronchi) emaphashini. Ivame ukwenzeka kakhulu ezinganeni ezindala nakubantu abadala.
• I-Bronchiolitis ithinta imigudu yomoya emincane kakhulu, ethambile (ama-bronchioles) emaphashini. Yilokhu okwenzeka ezinganeni ezincane, ikakhulukazi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala.

Cabanga ngamaphaphu ethu njengomuthi. Amagatsha amakhulu alowo muthi abizwa ngokuthi ``i-bronchi``. Izindlela zomoya ezincane kakhulu emaphashini zibizwa ngokuthi ``i-bronchioles``, ezifana namagatsha amancane ahluma njengoba ehluma. Ku-bronchiolitis, yilawo migudu yomoya emincane ethintekayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-bronchiolitis?

Ekuqaleni, lezi zimpawu zifana kakhulu nezomkhuhlane ovamile.

Izimpawu zokuqala:

• I-Sinusitis (i-sinusitis)
• Umkhuhlane omncane (umkhuhlane ongaphansi kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-101 noma ama-degrees Celsius angu-38)
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ukukhathala, ukukhathala (`(ukukhathala)`)
• Ukukhala njalo, ukungahlaliseki, kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla ezinganeni (`(ukuxakeka noma ukucasuka)`)

Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kutheleleka kuthinta uhlelo lokuphefumula lwengane, ezinye izimpawu ezihlobene nokuphefumula zingase zivele:

• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okungajulile
• Ukuphefumula (umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela lapho uphefumula)
• Imisindo yokubhonga lapho uphefumula
• Ukuvutha kwamakhala lapho uphefumula

Nini lapho kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo (qaphela kakhulu ngalezi zimpawu!):

Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula, noma uma inezinye zezimpawu ezilandelayo ze-bronchiolitis engathi sína , xhumana nodokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha noma uyiyise emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.

• Ubunzima bokuncela kanye/noma ukugwinya (okusho ukuthi ingane ayikwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza kahle)
• Ukuqhuma okukhulu kwamakhala kanye nokuphefumula lapho uphefumula
• Ukuhoxa kwesifuba lapho uphefumula (isikhumba esifubeni sengane sinamathela ngokuqinile ezimbanjeni futhi sibonakala sengathi siyacwila - lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "ukuhoxa kwesifuba")
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ompunga, noma okhanyayo wezindebe, iminwe, noma izinzwane (i-cyanosis). Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba ungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
• Umlomo owomile, akukho ukuchama noma ukuchama okuncane kakhulu, akukho izinyembezi uma ukhala (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni )

Ziyini izimbangela ze-bronchiolitis?

Imbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo ukutheleleka ngegciwane . Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamagciwane angabangela i-bronchiolitis:

• I-Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu.
• Igciwane lomkhuhlane: Igciwane elibangela umkhuhlane esivame ukuwubiza ngokuthi “umkhuhlane.”
• I-Adenovirus
• I-Parainfluenza virus (i-Parainfluenza)
• I-Metapneumovirus
• Igciwane le-SARS-CoV-2: Leli yigciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 (COVID-19).

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi simo?

I-Bronchiolitis yisimo esivame ukuhlasela izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emibili . Abantu abadala nabo bangayithola, kodwa ayivamile. Ingane yakho ingase ibe sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-bronchiolitis enzima ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ingane ezelwe ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 okukhulelwa (siyibiza ngokuthi "izingane ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi").
• Uma unesifo samaphaphu noma senhliziyo ozalwa naso.
• Uma ingane inesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka (`(isimiso somzimba somzimba esisengozini)`) .
• Uma uvame ukuchitha isikhathi ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi njengasezinkulisa.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?

I-Bronchiolitis ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ezinye izinkinga. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Inyumoniya
• I-asthma (ezinye izingane zisengozini yokuba ne-asthma kamuva ekuphileni)
• Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula

Okubalulekile: I-Bronchiolitis yisimo esisongela impilo uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezinzima ezithinta kakhulu ikhono layo lokuphefumula. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula, shayela ngokushesha ku-1990 (isevisi ye-ambulensi ephuthumayo yaseSri Lanka), noma uyise ingane yakho emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.

Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo?

Udokotela wengane yakho uzoxilonga i-bronchiolitis ngokuhlola ingane yakho ngokomzimba nangokwenza izivivinyo uma kudingeka . Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngokomzimba, udokotela uzohlola izimpawu ezibalulekile zengane yakho, izinga lokushisa, futhi alalele ukuphefumula kwengane yakho nge-stethoscope (``auscultation``) ebekwe esifubeni sayo.

Udokotela uzokubuza nemibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zengane yakho. Isibonelo:

• Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani ingane inalezi zimpawu?
• Ingabe ingane yayinomkhuhlane?
• Ingabe ingane ike yaxhumana nabanye abantu abagula muva nje?

Udokotela angase anamathisele idivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-pulse oximeter emunweni noma ozwaneni lwengane ukuze ahlole izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lengane.

Uma kudingeka, kungenziwa ukuhlolwa koketshezi lwamakhala ukuze kutholakale uhlobo lwegciwane. Uma ingane inezimpawu ezinzima, i-X-ray yesifuba nayo ingenziwa.

Ingabe izimpawu ze-bronchiolitis ziyafana nezinye izifo?

Yebo, izimpawu ze-bronchiolitis zingafana nezezinye izifo zokuphefumula, njenge-bronchitis kanye ne-pneumonia. Futhi, umsindo wokuphefumula lapho uphefumula ungaphambaniswa ne-asthma. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungasolwa ukuthi ingane iphefumule okuthile (`(aspirated)`).

Khumbula, uma unomuzwa wokuthi ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula, bona udokotela ngokushesha. Udokotela kuphela ongahlukanisa inkinga yokuphefumula kwenye futhi enze ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha lokhu?

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-bronchiolitis ukunciphisa izimpawu , okusho ukunciphisa ukungakhululeki umntwana akuzwayo.

• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala: Isibonelo, i-paracetamol.
• Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Isibonelo, uma umkhuhlane ubangelwa igciwane, imithi efana ne-oseltamivir inganikezwa (lesi yisinqumo esenziwe udokotela).

Akuzona zonke izimo ze-bronchiolitis ezidinga ukwelashwa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela uma ingane yakho inezimpawu. Khumbula, lokhu kuyigciwane elibangelwa yigciwane, ngakho-ke ama-antibiotic ngeke asize.

Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula, kungase kudingeke ilaliswe esibhedlela. Esibhedlela, kungase kudingeke inikezwe ukwelashwa nge-oxygen noma uketshezi olufakwa ngemithambo yegazi (uketshezi lwe-IV, oluyi-saline) .

Indlela yokwelapha i-bronchiolitis ekhaya?

Nakuba kufanele uhlale uqapha ukuphefumula kwengane yakho, ungasiza ingane yakho izizwe ingcono ngokwenza okulandelayo ekhaya:

• Vumela ingane iphumule kahle.
• Uma ingane yakho ingathandi ukudla ukudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, yiphe ukudla okuncane izikhathi eziningana phakathi nosuku.
• Ukuze uvimbele ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, nikeza ingane yakho uketshezi oluningi ukuze iluphuze. Ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala, ubisi lwebele noma ifomula kungcono kakhulu. Ezinganeni ezindala, iziphuzo ze-electrolyte ezifana ne-Pedialyte zinganikezwa ngokwelulekwa udokotela.
• Faka i-humidifier ekamelweni lengane yakho. Umoya omanzi usiza ukukhulula amafinyila kanye neminye imfucuza futhi wenze kube lula ukuyikhipha.
• Uma ikhala lakho livalekile, sebenzisa amaconsi ekhala ane-saline kanye nedivayisi yokumunca ikhala.
• Nika ingane yakho umuthi wokunciphisa umkhuhlane, njenge-paracetamol (Tylenol), njengoba udokotela wakho ekuyalile.

Isexwayiso: Ungalokothi unike izingane i-aspirin. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Reye's syndrome.

I-bronchiolitis ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Iningi lezingane ezitholakale zine-bronchiolitis zizizwa zingcono phakathi nesonto . Ukuphefumula kungathuthuka phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, kanti izimpawu eziningi ziyanyamalala phakathi nesonto. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, izimpawu ezincane zingase ziqhubeke isonto elilodwa noma amabili. Ukukhwehlela kwengane kungahlala inyanga yonke.

Yini okufanele ngiyilindele uma ingane yami ithola i-bronchiolitis?

Uma ingane yakho ine-bronchiolitis, ingaba nezimpawu cishe isonto lonke. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi sokugula, ingane yakho ingaba nobunzima bokudla kahle futhi ingase ilahlekelwe yisifiso sokudla. Ezimweni ezinjalo, zama ukuyipha ukudla okuncane usuku lonke esikhundleni sokudla okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukugcina ingane yakho inamanzi anele phakathi nalesi sikhathi, njengoba isengozini enkulu yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yini ephephile ongayinika ingane yakho ukuze kuncishiswe izimpawu futhi kuncishiswe umkhuhlane. Unganiki i-aspirin nganoma yisiphi isizathu , ngoba ingabangela i-Reye's syndrome.

Uma izimpawu zengane yakho zingathuthuki ngemva kwesonto, noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela. Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokuphefumula, shayela izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela.

Ezinye izingane, uma zithola i-bronchiolitis ziseyizinsana, zingase zibe ne-asthma njengoba zikhula. Futhi, i-pneumonia ingakhula ngemva kwe-bronchiolitis, kodwa lokhu akuvamile.

Ingabe i-bronchiolitis ingenzeka izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa?

Yebo. Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlobo eziningana zamagciwane angabangela i-bronchiolitis, kungenzeka ukuthi ingane yakho ithole leli gciwane izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.

Ingabe i-bronchiolitis ingavinjelwa?

Ngenxa yokuthi amagciwane ayibangela avame kakhulu, kunzima ukuyivimbela ngokuphelele i-bronchiolitis. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha lezi zinyathelo ukunciphisa ingozi yengane yakho yokuba nayo:

• Gwema abantu abagulayo.
• Londoloza umkhuba wokugeza izandla zakho kahle (geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho njalo, futhi ufundise ingane yakho ukwenza okufanayo).
• Hlanza futhi ubulale amagciwane ezintweni ezivame ukuthintwa njengezithoyizi nezibambo zeminyango.
• Ungabelani ngezinto ezifana nezinkomishi, izipuni, namafoloko nabanye.

Gcina ingane yakho ekhaya ingangeni enkulisa noma kwezinye izindawo ezisondelene kuze kube yilapho ilulama, njengoba igciwane elibangele ukugula kwengane yakho liyathelelana.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Uma ubonisa ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuzola noma ukozela.
• Uma isikhumba sengane, iminwe, noma izindebe zibonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, zimpunga, noma ziphaphathekile .
• Uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu.

Uma uzizwa sengathi isimo sengane yakho asibi ngcono, noma uma ukhathazekile ngokuthile, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

Uma ingane inenkinga yokuphefumula (isibonelo, uma ikhala liqhuma noma isifuba sidonsa umoya lapho iphefumula) , shayela u-911 ngokushesha, noma uyise ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wengane yami?

Kungumqondo omuhle ukubuza udokotela wengane yakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe kufanele nginike ingane yami umuthi? Uma kunjalo, kufanele ngiwunike isikhathi esingakanani futhi kangaki ngosuku?
• Ingane yami izolulama nini ngokugcwele?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukubuyisa umntwana ukuze ngimvakashele kabusha?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhiphe ingane yami esikoleni noma esikhungweni sokunakekela izingane izinsuku ezimbalwa?
• Yimaphi amaphilisi obuhlungu atholakala ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela owancomayo ngenxa yomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba?
• Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele ngiziqaphele ngokukhethekile?

I-Bronchiolitis yisimo esithinta imigudu yomoya yengane yakho. Singenza kube nzima ngayo ukuphefumula. Ungase uqale uqaphele ukuthi ingane yakho inezimpawu zomkhuhlane futhi yenza umsindo wokuphefumula lapho iphefumula. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuphefumula kwengane yakho, bona udokotela. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza izimpawu zengane yakho futhi zinikeze impumuzo. Kuvamile ukuthi ingane yakho ikhwehlele amasonto ambalwa, ngisho nangemva kokuba ukutheleleka sekuphelile. Uma izimpawu zengane yakho ziba zimbi kakhulu kunokuba zibe ngcono, shayela udokotela wakho.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

I-Bronchiolitis iyisimo esivamile ezinganeni ezincane, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela. Nakisisa ukuphefumula kwengane yakho. Uma kunezimpawu ezinkulu njengobunzima bokuphefumula noma ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphandle kokulibala. Ngokunakekela kahle ekhaya nangokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela, ingane yakho encane ingalulama ngokushesha. Khumbula, awuwedwa, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi!

I- Bronchiolitis, i-Bronchiolitis, Ukwelashwa Kwezingane, Ubunzima Bokuphefumula, Umkhuhlane, Ukukhwehlela, Ukutheleleka Kwamaphaphu, Ukutheleleka Kwamagciwane, Umoya, Ukuphefumula, Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, Impilo Yengane, Ukunakekelwa Kwasekhaya, I-RSV