Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa kanje? Awukwazi ukuqeda umsebenzi kahle, awukwazi ukugcina ingqondo yakho endaweni eyodwa , uhlala ukhohlwa izinto. Ngisho noma unomsebenzi omningi okufanele uwenze, uyahlehlisa izinto ngaphandle kokucabanga ngokuqala noma yimuphi wawo. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzibuze, "Kungani nginje? Ingabe kukhona okungahambi kahle ngami?" Uma uzizwa ngaleyo ndlela, awuwedwa. Lesi kungaba yisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Namuhla sikhuluma nge-ADHD, okuyisimo esinjalo.
Indaba yomlingisi odumile kanye nomethuli uBusy Philipps iyisibonelo esiphelele salokhu. Naphezu kokusenza sihleke kuthelevishini iminyaka eminingi, ubelokhu elwa ne-ADHD ngaphakathi. Ngokumangazayo, watholakala enalesi simo esemdala. Njengoba esho, "Ngangazi kusukela esemncane ukuthi kukhona okuhlukile. Nganginenkinga yokugxila entweni eyodwa nokwenza izinto."
Kwaba kamuva kuphela, lapho udokotela etshela indodakazi yakhe ukuthi ine-ADHD, lapho uBisi aqala khona ukungabaza. Waqaphela ukuthi wayenazo zonke izimpawu udokotela ayezichazile. Ekugcineni, eneminyaka engu-39 ubudala, kwatholakala ukuthi une-ADHD. Yilapho athola khona izimpendulo zemibuzo eminingi ayenayo kusukela ebuntwaneni. Namuhla, usebenzisa ulwazi lwakhe ukusiza abanye ababhekene nezinkinga ezifanayo.
Ingabe i-ADHD yinto eyenzeka ebuntwaneni kuphela?
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-ADHD yisimo esithinta izingane ezincane kuphela futhi siya ngokuba ngcono njengoba zikhula. Kodwa akulona iqiniso lelo. Ochwepheshe bathi i-ADHD yisimo sesikhathi eside esingahlala impilo yonke .
“Kunobufakazi obuhle bokuthi izimpawu ze-ADHD zingashintshashintsha kukho konke ukuphila komuntu,” kusho u-Anne Arnett, uprofesa eHarvard Medical School.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimpawu ze-ADHD kungenzeka ukuthi zazikhona ebuntwaneni, zaphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, zabe seziphinde zavela ebudaleni. Ngezinye izikhathi, noma ngabe lesi simo sitholakale ebuntwaneni, amalungu omndeni angasikhohlwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi “ukuxilongwa okulahlekile.” Ucwaningo lwamuva nje luthole ukuthi abantu abangu-60% ababene-ADHD beseyizingane futhi becabanga ukuthi “baphilile” kamuva baphinde bavela izimpawu ebudaleni.
Empeleni, uma umuntu omdala ene-ADHD, izimpawu kumele ukuthi zazikhona ngaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka engu-12, okungukuthi, ngesikhathi esengumntwana. Mhlawumbe akekho owacabanga ngaleso sikhathi.
Izimpawu ze-ADHD zibonakala kanjani lapho umuntu ekhulile?
Ebuntwaneni, izimpawu ze-ADHD kulula ukuthi othisha bazibone esikoleni. Zihlanganisa izinto ezifana nokungakwazi ukunaka ekilasini, ukungahlaliseki, nokusabela ngokushesha ngaphandle kokucabanga. Kodwa njengomuntu omdala, lezi zimpawu ziba nesimo esihlukile.
Uma kwenzeka izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni, lezi zimpawu ze-ADHD ezicindezelwe zingavela ngokuzumayo.
- Ngesikhathi sobusha: Ngesikhathi usesikoleni samabanga aphezulu, lapho uya eyunivesithi, nalapho uthola ilayisense yakho yokushayela bese uqala ukushayela, ingozi yezingozi inganda.
- Lapho usukhulile: Lesi simo singaba sibi kakhulu uma uqala umsebenzi omusha, ushada, uba nezingane, noma unemithwalo yemfanelo eyengeziwe empilweni.
“Ngisho noma izimpawu ze-ADHD zizinzile, zingaba zimbi kakhulu njengoba kunezelwa izinto ezintsha ezibangela ukucindezeleka empilweni,” kusho uJohn T. Mitchell, uprofesa eDuke University.
Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ze-ADHD ezithinta abantu abadala.
| Isigaba sezimpawu | Indlela okubonakala ngayo kubantu abadala |
|---|---|
| Ukunganaki | - Kunzima ukuqala umsebenzi bese uwuqeda. - Amaphutha amancane ayenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungaba emsebenzini noma ekhaya. - Ngivame ukukhohlwa noma ukulahlekelwa izinto (izihluthulelo, isikhwama semali, ifoni). - Ngisho noma othile ekhuluma, ingqondo yami iya kwenye indawo. - Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlela nokugcina izinto zihlelekile. |
| Ukusebenza ngokweqile | - Ukungahlaliseki, ukungakwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside. - Uhlala enyakazisa umlenze wakhe futhi enza umsindo ngeminwe yakhe. - Kuzwakala kungathandeki kakhulu uma kufanele uthule, njengasemhlanganweni. - "Usohambweni" njalo, wenza okuthile njalo. |
| Ukungacabangi | - Ukusho nokwenza izinto ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokucabanga. - Uphazamisa abanye ngesikhathi bekhuluma. - Kunzima ezindaweni lapho kufanele ubekezele khona, njengasemugqeni. - Ukwenza izinqumo ngokuphamazela ngaphandle kokucabanga ngemiphumela (isib. ukuyeka umsebenzi ngokuzumayo, ukusebenzisa imali ngokunganaki). |
Indlela yokuphatha i-ADHD?
Ungesabi uma ubona lezi zimpawu. Into ebalulekile ukuthi lesi yisimo esilawulekayo.
I-ADHD akuyona into edinga ukususwa ngokuphelele, yinto edinga ukuphathwa ngempumelelo.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha lokhu.
Imithi
Imithi ye-ADHD isebenza ngokulawula amazinga amakhemikhali ebuchosheni abizwa ngokuthi ama-neurotransmitters, i-dopamine kanye ne-norepinephrine, asiza ukulawula izimpawu ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokunaka kanye nokungaphumuli.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi:
1. Izikhuthazi: Lezi zisebenza ngokushesha futhi zinikeza imiphumela ephumelelayo kubantu abaningi.
2. Izinto ezingakhuthazi: Lokhu kungathatha isikhathi eside ukusebenza, kodwa kungaba nemiphumela emibi embalwa.
Ngokusho kukaBusy Phillips, waba nemiphumela emibi njengokungalali kahle kanye nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla lapho eqala ukuthatha izikhuthazi. Uthi impilo yaba lula kakhulu ngemva kokuthola isikhuthazi esingamsebenzeli.
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole uhlobo kanye nomthamo wemithi okulungele wena. Ungalokothi uqale noma uyeke ukuthatha imithi wedwa.
Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha
Kanye nemithi, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT), ikakhulukazi, kungakusiza ukuthi ubone izinkinga ezibangelwa yi-ADHD empilweni yansuku zonke (ukulibazisa, ubunzima bokuhlela, ukuphatha isikhathi) futhi ufunde izindlela ezisebenzayo zokubhekana nazo.
Abantu abadala abaningi abane-ADHD banezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. Kuvamile futhi ukuzisola ngokuziphatha kwabo kanye nokuzethemba okuphansi. Ukwelashwa kungasiza kukho konke lokhu.
Wenzani uma nawe unalezi zimpawu?
Uma ngemva kokufunda lesi sihloko uzizwa sengathi unezinye zezimpawu ezishiwo, into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyenze ukucwaninga ngaso. Ungazami ukuzixilonga ngokusesha i-inthanethi. Bona udokotela ofanelekayo, khuluma ngokukhululekile ngezinto ezikukhathazayo, bese uthola ukuhlolwa okufanele uma kudingeka.
Njengoba uBusy Phillips esho, "Sengiqaphele ukuthi ubuchopho bami busebenza ngendlela ehlukile kancane. Akukho okufanele ngibe namahloni ngakho ngokuba ne-ADHD.""Ubonise umhlaba ukuthi impilo ingaba lula kangakanani nokuthi ungajabula kangakanani uma uhlonza kahle isimo bese uthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo."
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayigcini nje kubantwana. Abantu abadala nabo bangaba nalesi simo. Kungenzeka ukuthi sacindezelwa ebuntwaneni sabe sesiphinde savela ebudaleni.
- Izimpawu ze-ADHD zingaba zimbi kakhulu ngezinguquko ezinkulu empilweni, njengokushintsha umsebenzi, umshado, noma ukuba nezingane.
- Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ukungahlaliseki, ukuhlehlisa izinto, kanye nokukhohlwa njalo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha.
- I-ADHD akuyona into okufanele ube namahloni ngayo noma ubuthakathaka. Imane nje ingushintsho ekusebenzeni kobuchopho.
- Ngomuthi ofanele kanye nokwelashwa kokuziphatha, i-ADHD ingaphathwa ngempumelelo futhi iphile impilo ejabulisayo nekhiqizayo.
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