Umsindo ongajwayelekile ovela emithanjeni ye-carotid (i-Carotid Bruit) - Ingabe kuyinto okufanele uyesabe?

Uma uya kudokotela, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi udokotela ubeka i-stethoscope hhayi esifubeni sakho kuphela, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo yakho. Uma ubona lokho, ungase ukhathazeke kancane uma ethi, "Ngizwa umsindo omncane ovela emthanjeni wegazi entanyeni yami." Empeleni kuyinto evamile. Kodwa ungesabi. Lokhu akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi unesifo esibi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo abantu abaningi abangakaze bezwe ngaso, kodwa okufanele kakhulu ukwazi ngaso, esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-carotid bruit.'

Kalula nje, iyini le mvubu ye-carotid?

'I-carotid bruit' akuyona isifo. Umsindo udokotela angawuzwa kuphela nge-stethoscope. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, umsindo 'wokukloloda' ongajwayelekile, osheshayo owuzwayo lapho igazi ligeleza 'emithanjeni ye-carotid' ezinhlangothini zombili zentamo yakho.

Cabanga nje, lapho amanzi egeleza ngokukhululeka ngepayipi lamanzi, akukho msindo. Kodwa uma kukhona ukuvinjelwa okuncane noma ukungcola epayipini, amanzi ageleza ngokushesha nangokungalawuleki, bese kuzwakala umsindo. Lokhu kuyafana nalokhu. Umthambo oyinhloko ohlinzeka ngegazi ebuchosheni bethu umthambo we-carotid. Uma kukhona noma yikuphi ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi kulo mthambo, ukugeleza kwegazi kuba yi-turbulent (ukugeleza kwe-turbulent) bese lo msindo udalwa.

Kungani kukhona umsindo ongaka? Iyini imbangela eyinhloko?

Imbangela eyinhloko nevame kakhulu yalokhu yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-atherosclerosis' . Igama lizwakala liyinkimbinkimbi, akunjalo? Kodwa lilula kakhulu.

Kalula nje, okwenzekayo ukuthi i-cholesterol, amafutha, nezinye izinto ziqoqana ezindongeni zangaphakathi zemithambo yegazi yethu bese zakha 'ama-plaque' . Kufana ne-limescale eqoqana ngaphakathi kwepayipi lamanzi. Njengoba la ma-plaque ekhula kancane kancane, indlela yegazi iyancipha. Bese kuthi, lapho igazi lizama ukushesha kuleyo ndawo encane, kuzwakale lowo msindo ocasulayo, noma 'izwi elibi'.

Lokhu kuncipha komthambo we-carotid kubizwa ngokuthi 'i-Carotid Artery Stenosis' .

Lokhu kuyinto okufanele ikhathazeke ngayo. Ngoba lapho umthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi ebuchosheni uvalekile, ubuchopho bungalahlekelwa umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba. Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi ingxenye encane ye-plaque ingaphuka futhi ivimbe ngokuphelele omunye umthambo omncane ebuchosheni. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yi-ischemic okwesikhashana (TIA) noma i-ischemic stroke .

Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela ezwa lo msindo, uwusebenzisa 'njengenkomba' ebalulekile yokunquma ukuthi ikhona yini ingozi enjalo.

Ingabe zikhona ezinye izizathu?

Yebo. Akubangelwa njalo ukuqoqwa kwe-cholesterol. Ngezinye izikhathi,

• Lo msindo ungabangelwa futhi izinguquko esakhiweni sezindonga zemithambo yegazi, njenge -Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) .
• Ngisho nakubantu abaphilile, lo msindo ungase uzwakale ngenxa yomehluko omncane endleleni imithambo yegazi ehlelwe ngayo.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma imbangela eqondile ngemva kokucabangela umlando wakho wezokwelapha kanye nezinye izici.

Ingabe ukuba ne-carotid bruit kuyisimo esibi kakhulu?

Lo mbuzo awukwazi ukuphendulwa ngo-"yebo" noma "cha" oqondile.

Ngezinye izikhathi, lokhu kungaba uphawu olubomvu olubonisa ingozi enkulu yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi. Kodwa, akunjalo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Cabanga nje udokotela wakho ufana nomphenyi. Lo msindo othi 'Bruit' umane nje 'ubufakazi' bokuqala abutholayo. Lobo bufakazi bodwa abumtsheli ukuthi "nansi imbangela." Kufanele aphenye kabanzi. Ngokufanayo, ukuzwa nje lo msindo akubonisi ukuthi unesifo esibi. Kumane nje kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kudingeka uphenyo olwengeziwe.

Uma udokotela ethi kukhona i-carotid bruit, kwenzekani ngokulandelayo?

Udokotela wakho ngeke akhathazeke ngalo msindo. Into elandelayo azokwenza ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu. Ukuhlolwa okulula kakhulu, okungenabuhlungu okuvame ukwenziwa ukuskena 'kwe-Carotid Duplex Ultrasound' .

Lokhu kufana nokuskena okwenziwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi entanyeni. Kungenza lokhu:

• Hlola ama-cholesterol plaque ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi.
• Uma ikhona, linganisa kahle ukuthi ingakanani imithambo evalekile.
• Hlola ijubane kanye nephethini yokugeleza kwegazi.

Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalesi sikeni, udokotela uzonquma ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa noma cha, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi wenzeni.

Ikakhulukazi, uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwezici ezilandelayo eziyingozi, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma lokhu kuskena.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu odinga ukuhlinzwa noma izinqubo. Ukwelashwa kuncike ekutheni imithambo yakho ivalekile kangakanani, ubudala bakho, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo.

Ukwelashwa kungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko.

1. Imithi

Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyinto yokuqala okufanele uqale ngayo. Lokhu kungase kwanele, ikakhulukazi uma ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kungekubi kakhulu.

• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol: Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni izinga le-cholesterol embi egazini futhi ivimbele ukwakheka kwe-plaque okwengeziwe.
• Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi: Ilawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi futhi inciphise ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi.
• Imithi Yokuvimbela Ukugabha Kwama-Coagulant: Ngezinye izikhathi, imithi efana ne-aspirin ingase inikezwe ukunciphisa ingozi yokugabha kwegazi.

2. Izinguquko Zendlela Yokuphila

Lokhu kungabaluleka kakhulu kunemithi. Lezi zinto zizosiza ekulawuleni ukuminyana kwemithambo yegazi ngezinga elikhulu.

• Yeka ukubhema ngokuphelele: Uma ubhema, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuyeka namuhla. Khuluma nodokotela wakho uma udinga usizo ngalokhu.
• Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, usawoti kanye noshukela. Faka inhlanzi nenkukhu esikhundleni senyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo, ingulube). Faka imifino eminingi, izithelo, kanye nemifino eluhlaza ekudleni kwakho.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo: Kungaba lula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo entsha yokuzivocavoca, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze ubone ukuthi yini ekufanele.

3. Ukuhlinzwa nezinye izinqubo

Lokhu kuyadingeka kuphela uma imithambo yegazi imincane kakhulu (i-stenosis enzima) futhi udokotela enquma ukuthi ingozi yokushaywa yisifo sohlangothi iphezulu kakhulu.

• Ukususwa kwe-Carotid Endarterectomy: Lokhu kuhilela ukwenza ukusika okuncane entanyeni, ukuvula umthambo wegazi, nokususa ngokuhlinzwa ama-cholesterol plaque aqongeleleke ngaphakathi.
• I-Carotid Angioplasty kanye ne-Stenting: Lokhu kuhilela ukudlulisa idivayisi efana nenaliti emthanjeni wegazi bese kufakwa ibhaluni elincane ukuze kwandiswe ukuvaleka. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa ithubhu elincane elibizwa ngokuthi i-stent emthanjeni ukuze livimbele ukuthi lingaphinde linciphe.