Kuyacasula ngempela uma unekhala eligobhozayo, ikhala elicijile, nokuthimula njalo, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi ukungezwani komzimba kungabangela ikhala eligobhozayo, amehlo alumayo, kanye nokungakhululeki okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma siya kudokotela ngalokhu, omunye wemithi abaningi bethu abanikezwa yona inhlanganisela ye-chlorpheniramine ne-phenylephrine. Lo muthi ungatholakala ngamagama ahlukene emakethe. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi uyini ngempela lo muthi nokuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokuphepha okufanele sizithathe lapho siwusebenzisa.
Uhlobo luni lomuthi? Kwenzekani ngempela?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezimbili zemithi.
1. I-Chlorpheniramine: Lena i-antihistamine . Uma sinesifo sokungezwani komzimba, umzimba wethu ukhiqiza ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine. Le histamine yiyona ebangela ukuthimula, ikhala eligobhozayo, amehlo alumayo, kanye namaqhubu. Ngakho-ke, le antihistamine ivimba ukusebenza kwe-histamine. Lokhu kulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba.
2. I-Phenylephrine: Lolu uhlobo lomuthi olubizwa ngokuthi i-decongestant . Uma unomkhuhlane, ikhala lakho liyavaleka ngoba imithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi kwekhala lakho iyavuvukala. Lomuthi usebenza ngokubangela ukuthi leyo mithambo yegazi ivaleke kancane. Lokhu kunciphisa ukuvaleka ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho futhi kwenza kube lula ukuphefumula. Kuphinde kusize ekunciphiseni ukuvaleka okubangelwa yi-sinusitis.
Ngakho-ke, uma lezi ezimbili zihlanganiswa, zinikeza impumuzo enkulu ezimpawini ezifana nekhala eligobhozayo, ukuthimula, kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala okubangelwa izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nokuvuvukala kwama-sinus.
Kodwa into eyodwa ebalulekile ukuyikhumbula. Lokhu kulawula izimpawu kuphela. Akuyona imithi ezokwelapha ukutheleleka emzimbeni. Isibonelo, uma i-phlegm ibangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, ingadinga ama-antibiotic. Lo muthi ngeke uphulukise ukutheleleka.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngesimo sakho sempilo. Ikakhulukazi uma uthatha lo muthi, qiniseka ukuthi uyamtshela uma unezinye zezimo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo.
| Ukugula noma isimo | Kungani kufanele unikeze ulwazi? |
|---|---|
| Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo senhliziyo | Isithako i-phenylephrine singakhuphula umfutho wegazi futhi sibangele ushintsho ekushayeni kwenhliziyo. |
| Isifo sikashukela | Lo muthi ungathinta amazinga kashukela egazini. |
| Isifuba somoya | Ezinye iziguli ze-asthma zingase zithole imiphumela emibi evela ezithakweni zalo muthi. |
| Isimo se-Glaucoma | Lo muthi ungase wandise ukucindezeleka kwamehlo, okungase kube kubi kakhulu i-glaucoma. |
| Isifo se-thyroid | Abantu abane-thyroid gland esebenza ngokweqile bangase babe nemiphumela yokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Izinkinga ze-prostate noma ubunzima bokuchama | Lo muthi ungenza kube nzima ukuchama. |
| Ukukhulelwa noma ukuzama ukukhulelwa | Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma yimuphi umuthi kufanele uthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela. Izithako zalo muthi zingathinta ingane. |
| Ukuncelisa | Izithako ezikulo muthi zingadluliselwa enganeni ngobisi lwebele, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho. |
| Ukungezwani neminye imithi, ukudla, noma udayi | Uma uke waba nokungezwani komzimba nanoma yimiphi imithi ngaphambilini, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho. |
Ngiyisebenzisa kanjani ngempela le mithi?
Thatha leli philisi nengilazi yamanzi. Sebenzisa njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho noma ilebula lomuthi. Uma uzwa ubuhlungu besisu noma isilungulela, thatha lo muthi kanye nokudla. Lokhu kunganciphisa ukungakhululeki.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umthamo ofanele ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungathathi okungaphezu kwalokho okutshelwe udokotela wakho. Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uthathe imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Uma kunikezwa izingane kanye nabantu abadala
Kufanele uqaphele kakhulu lapho unikeza izingane ezincane lo muthi. Khuluma nodokotela wezingane bese unikeza umthamo awunikezayo. Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60 ubudala, ungase usabele kakhulu kulo muthi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungase uzwe ukozela kanye nesiyezi. Ngakho-ke, udokotela angase akunikeze umthamo ophansi.
Ukweqisa umthamo
Uma ucabanga ukuthi usuthathe lo muthi omningi kakhulu, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela ngaphandle kokulibala. Noma shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Lo muthi ungowakho kuphela. Udokotela uwunikezile ngesimo sakho sezempilo. Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi wabelane ngalo muthi nanoma ubani omunye.
Yiziphi izinto okungafanele zithathwe nalomuthi?
Uma uthatha eminye imithi ngenkathi uthatha lo muthi, kungase kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ngakho-ke tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo.
Ikakhulukazi ungalokothi uyithathe nale mithi:
- Ama-MAOI (ama-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors): Lawa uhlobo lwemithi evame ukusetshenziswa ukwelapha izimo ezifana nokucindezeleka (isib. i-Carbex, i-Eldepryl, i-Marplan, i-Nardil, i-Parnate). Ukuthatha lokhu kokubili ndawonye kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngendlela eyingozi.
Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka nalezi zinto:
- Noma yisiphi isiphuzo esinotshwala: Ukuthatha lo muthi notshwala kungandisa kakhulu ukozela kanye nesiyezi.
- Ama-Barbiturates: Lawa uhlobo lomuthi osetshenziselwa ukuvusa ubuthongo noma ukwelapha isifo sokuwa (isb. i-phenobarbital).
- Imithi yokwelapha ukugula ngengqondo, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka.
- Amaphilisi okulala.
- Eminye imithi esetshenziswa umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma ukungezwani komzimba: Amanye amaconsi okukhwehlela/amafinyila angase aqukathe lezi zithako ezifanayo. Uma kunjalo, umthamo ungadinga ukuphindwa kabili. Ngakho-ke, ungathathi amanye amaconsi okukhwehlela/amafinyila ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho.
Imiphumela emibi engase ivele lapho uthatha imithi
Njengayo yonke imithi, lo muthi ungabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu, yize kungebona bonke abantu abayitholayo. Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki noma ziba zimbi kakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Lomuthi ungabangela ukozela kanye nesiyezi . Ngakho-ke , ungashayeli noma usebenzise imishini uze wazi ukuthi lomuthi uthinta kanjani wena. Ikakhulukazi uma usukhulile, ungavuki ngokuzumayo lapho umile noma uhleli. Lokhu kungabangela isiyezi kanye nokuwa.
| Imiphumela emibi kakhulu okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe noma ulimi. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokungajwayelekile. |
| Izinguquko zengqondo | Ukungahlaliseki, ukwesaba okukhulu, ukuthuthumela, imibono engekho. |
| Izinguquko ekucindezelweni kwegazi | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme kakhulu noma ophansi kakhulu. |
| Okunye | Ukubona okufiphele, ukuxhuzula, ubunzima bokuchama. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungadingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha (kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma iqhubeka noma ikhathaza) | |
| Ukozela | Lona umphumela ovamile wecala. |
| Umlomo owomile, ikhala, umphimbo | Phuza amanzi engeziwe. Ukuhlafuna itshungama engenashukela kungaletha impumuzo. |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Lokhu kuvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, isicanucanu | Lokhu kungancishiswa ngokuthatha umuthi kanye nokudla. |
| Isifiso sokudla | Kungenzeka ngesikhathi uthatha umuthi. |
Ugcina kanjani imithi yakho iphephile?
- Yigcine kude nezingane. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Gcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi (phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angu-15-30). Gcina kude nokushisa okukhulu kanye nomswakama.
- Gcina umlomo webhodlela/iphakethe lomuthi uvaliwe kahle.
- Ungayisebenzisi imithi ephelelwe yisikhathi. Yilahle ngendlela efanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Chlorpheniramine kanye ne-Phenylephrine imithi elawula izimpawu zomkhuhlane kanye nokungezwani komzimba, njengokuvaleka kwekhala, ikhala eligobhozayo, kanye nokuthimula. Ayelaphi izifo.
- Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, i-asthma, noma i-glaucoma, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi.
- Lomuthi ungabangela ukozela kanye nesiyezi. Ngakho-ke, qaphela lapho wenza imisebenzi edinga ukugxilisa ingqondo, njengokushayela. Ungaphuzi utshwala.
- Uma uphuza ngokweqile, iya ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha noma ushayele iNational Poisons Information Center.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo. Gwema ukushintsha umthamo noma ukuyeka imithi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
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