Ingabe ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu? Ake sifunde ukuthi iyini ngempela i-rheumatic fever!

Ingabe ingane yakho encane ivame ukuba nomphimbo obuhlungu kanye nomkhuhlane? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ukuthi umkhuhlane nje ovamile. Kodwa-ke, uma ungelashwa kahle, ezinye izifo zomphimbo zingaholela ezinkingeni ezingalindelekile. I-Rheumatic Fever ingenye yezinkinga ezingalindelekile, kodwa ezingaba yingozi. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla, ngoba kubaluleke kakhulu ukukuqaphela.

Kuyini i-Rheumatic Fever? Kalula nje...

Kalula nje, i-rheumatic fever yisifo esenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela. Odokotela basibiza nangokuthi "i-acute rheumatic fever". Cabanga nje, ingane yakho inegciwane lomphimbo, njenge- strep throat noma i-scarlet fever , futhi le nkinga iqala uma ingelashwa kahle.

Kokubili umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nomkhuhlane obomvu kubangelwa yibhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Group A Streptococcus . Ngokuvamile zilulama ngokushesha ngama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, uma zingalashwa, lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sengane silwa namagciwane, ngezinye izikhathi sihlasela ngephutha izicubu nezitho zaso ezinempilo. Lokhu kubangela ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Lokhu kungathinta amalunga engane, inhliziyo, kanye nemithambo yegazi.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Scarlet Fever kanye ne-Rheumatic Fever?

Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abayididayo. I-Scarlet fever kanye ne-strep throat zombili izifo ezibangelwa yibhaktheriya ye-streptococcus yeqembu A. Lezi zelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic uyinkinga engavamile kakhulu engenzeka uma ukutheleleka, njenge-scarlet fever noma i-strep throat, kungelashwa kahle. Okusho ukuthi, akuwona wonke umphimbo we-strep oqhubekela phambili ekubeni umkhuhlane we-rheumatic.

Ivame kangakanani i-rheumatic fever?

Emazweni athuthukile njenge-United States, i-strep throat ivamile, kodwa i-rheumatic fever ayivamile. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-antibiotic atholakala kalula kulawo mazwe, abantu abaningi bathola ukwelashwa kwe-strep throat kanye ne-scarlet fever ngokushesha. Uma welashwa, i-rheumatic fever iyavinjelwa.

Kodwa-ke, emazweni anjengelethu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezikhungo zezokwelapha ezimbalwa, lesi simo se-rheumatic fever sisabonakala. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu ngalokhu.

Ziyini izimpawu zomkhuhlane wamathambo?

Indlela umkhuhlane wamathambo othinta ngayo umuntu ngamunye ingahluka. Ngezinye izikhathi ukutheleleka kwe-strep kungaba mnene kangangokuthi ungase ungazi nokuthi unawo kuze kube yilapho uba nomkhuhlane wamathambo.

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane wamathambo zivame ukuba nzima ukuzibona ngoba zifana nezinye izinkinga zempilo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ziyini lezi zimpawu. Ngenxa yokuthi umkhuhlane wamathambo ungaba mubi kakhulu, uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha.

Nazi ezinye izimpawu ezivamile ezingabonakala:

• Ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, ukubomvu, kanye nobuhlungu (i-arthritis): Amalunga afana namadolo, amaqakala, kanye nezindololwane kubuhlungu kakhulu. Ubuhlungu bungaba selungeni elilodwa ngolunye usuku bese budlulela kwelinye ilunga ngosuku olulandelayo.
• Ukugxumagxuma okungalawuleki kwezitho (i-chorea): Ingane ingase izwe sengathi izingalo zayo, imilenze, noma ezinye izingxenye zomzimba zigxumagxuma ngokungazelelwe. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "i-chorea kaSydenham".
• Amaqhubu amancane ngaphansi kwesikhumba (amaqhubu): Ngezinye izikhathi amaqhubu amancane, aqinile angakhula ngaphansi kwesikhumba, angazwakala esandleni. Lawa ngokuvamile awabuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungalingani kwesilinganiso senhliziyo: Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ungase uzwe ushintsho esilinganisweni sokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
• Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo: Ingane ingase izizwe ikhathele futhi ilele ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngisho noma ingenzanga lutho.
• Umkhuhlane: Umzimba ungase ushise futhi kungase kube nomkhuhlane.
• Ubuhlungu bekhanda obuqhubekayo ngaphandle kwesizathu: Khuthazeka uma ingane engakaze ibike ukuthi inesifo sekhanda ngaphambili inesifo sekhanda esiqhubekayo.
• Ubuhlungu bemisipha: Ungase uzizwe sengathi imisipha yakho iyaqaqamba.
• Amathonsili abomvu avuvukile: Amathonsili emphinjeni angase avuvukele futhi abe bomvu.
• Amabala abomvu esikhumbeni (i-erythema marginatum): Ngezinye izikhathi amabala abomvu, ayisicaba, anezinhlangothi ezizungezile angavela esikhumbeni. Lawa angase abuye ahambe abuye.

Khumbula, ukuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu akusho ukuthi une-rheumatic fever. Kodwa-ke, uma unokungabaza, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Yini ebangela umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Njengoba sesixoxile ngaphambili, i-rheumatic fever iyisimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisebenza ngokweqile esihlasela izicubu ezinempilo. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu ukutheleleka kwe -strep throat noma i-scarlet fever okungalashwanga. Okusho ukuthi, ukungatholi ama-antibiotic afanele okutheleleka kwebhaktheriya yeqembu A le-streptococcus.

Okwenzekayo-ke ukuthi lapho izivikelo zomzimba (ama-antibodies) zilwa namagciwane, zihlasela ngephutha izicubu nezitho zomzimba eziphilile. Cabanga ngakho njengokuthi uma ulwa nesitha, ucabanga ukuthi omunye wakho uyisitha bese usihlasela.

Ubani othola umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Nakuba noma ubani engathola umkhuhlane wamathambo, uvame ukuhlasela izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha abaneminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neyi-15.Izimpawu zomkhuhlane we-rheumatic zivame ukuvela emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu ngemva kwecala le-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever engelashwanga. Akuvamile ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala nakubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-15 ubudala.

Kungenzeka kangakanani ukuthi umuntu abe nomkhuhlane wamathambo ngenxa yomkhuhlane we-strep throat noma umkhuhlane obomvu?

Akuwona wonke umuntu one-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever ozoba ne-rheumatic fever. Kwenzeka kuphela uma ukutheleleka kungelashwa. Kodwa-ke, emazweni afana ne-United States, i-rheumatic fever ayivamile.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Ezinye izinto zingase zandise ingozi yakho yokuba nomkhuhlane wamathambo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Lapho uhlala khona: Abantu abaningi abanomkhuhlane wamathambo bahlala ezindaweni ezikude ezinezikhungo zezokwelapha ezimbalwa. Izingane ezihlala ezindaweni lapho kunzima khona ukuthola imithi noma ukubona udokotela zisengozini enkulu.
• Ubudala: Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, izingane ezineminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 neyi-15 yibona abathinteka kakhulu.
• Impilo iyonke: Ingane enesimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka ingase ibe sengozini enkulu. Izingane ezivame ukutheleleka nge-strep nazo zinamathuba amaningi okuthola umkhuhlane wamathambo.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma othile emndenini wake waba nomkhuhlane wamathambo ngaphambili, amanye amalungu omndeni anethuba elikhulu lokuba nawo.
• Izindawo ezigcwele abantu: Amabhaktheriya asakazeka kalula ezindaweni lapho abantu bebuthana khona. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi izikole nezikole zokuhlala.

Ingabe abantu abadala bangathola umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Akuvamile kakhulu, kodwa abantu abadala nabo bangathola umkhuhlane wamathambo.

Ingabe umkhuhlane we-rheumatic uyathelelana?

Cha, umkhuhlane wamathambo awuthelelani. Awukwazi ukuwuthola komunye umuntu, futhi awukwazi ukuwudlulisela komunye umuntu.

Kodwa, khumbula! Umphimbo obuhlungu kanye nomkhuhlane obomvu, okuyizimbangela zomkhuhlane wamathambo, kuyathelelana. Kusakazeka ngamaconsi okuphefumula lapho umuntu ekhwehlela noma ethimula.

Umkhuhlane wamathambo uyithinta kanjani inhliziyo?

Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic awuhlali uthinta inhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka, ungalimaza izicubu zenhliziyo, ikakhulukazi ama-valve enhliziyo. Lesi zicubu zenhliziyo ezonakele, ezinezibazi asisebenzi kahle. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ungabangela umonakalo wenhliziyo unomphela. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi i-Rheumatic Heart Disease noma i-Congestive Heart Failure .

Uma umkhuhlane wamathambo ulimaza ivalvu yenhliziyo ngandlela thile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe ivalvu eyonakele noma kufakwe entsha. Ngezinye izikhathi, umonakalo wenhliziyo ungenzeka eminyakeni eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20 ngemva komkhuhlane wamathambo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlala uthintana nodokotela omethembayo.

Ingabe umkhuhlane wamathambo ungabangela isifo samathambo?

Nakuba ezinye zezimpawu zokuqala zomkhuhlane wamathambo zifana ne- rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , lezi zifo ezimbili azihlobene. Zombili lezi zifo zingathinta amalunga engane. Kodwa-ke, umkhuhlane wamathambo uvame ukuphela phakathi namasonto ambalwa, kuyilapho i-RA iyisimo sokuphila konke. Izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 zitholakala zinesifo esibizwa ngokuthi ``Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis`` esikhundleni se-RA.

Umkhuhlane wamathambo utholakala kanjani? (Ukuxilongwa)

Uma ingane yakho inomphimbo obuhlungu isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kokutheleleka kwe-streptococcal kweqembu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni umkhuhlane wamathambo.

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi unesifo samathambo, uzoqala ngokuthatha i-throat swab emphinjeni wengane ukuze ahlole ukuthi ikhona yini i-group A streptococcus bacteria. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-strep noma ukuhlolwa kwe-throat culture .

• Ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-strep: Imiphumela ingatholakala zingakapheli imizuzu eyi-10.
• Ukukhuliswa komphimbo: Imiphumela ithatha izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuthi ibuye. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okusheshayo kwe-strep kunganikeza "imiphumela engemihle neyiphutha" (okusho ukuthi ikhombisa i-strep uma ingekho).

Yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuze kutholakale umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Kuye ngezimpawu zengane, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ngezinye izikhathi kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka kwe-strep. Nakuba ukuhlolwa kungawatholi amabhaktheriya, kungahlola ama-antibodies egazini. Kungahlola nokuvuvukala emzimbeni ngokulinganisa amaprotheni athile (njenge-CRP ne-ESR).
• Ukuhlolwa kwenhliziyo: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo yengane yakho isebenza kanjani. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi i -ECG (i-electrocardiogram) noma i- Echocardiogram (i-ultrasound yenhliziyo, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Echo) .

Yiziphi izindlela zikaJones zokuthola umkhuhlane wamathambo?

Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi basebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuthi yi-Jones criteria ukuze baxilonge umkhuhlane wamathambo. Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi umntwana une-rheumatic fever, kumele abe nezindlela ezimbili ezinkulu , noma eyodwa enkulu kanye nezimbili ezincane, ohlwini olulandelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele kube nobufakazi belebhu bokutheleleka kwangaphambilini kwe-group A streptococcal.

Izindlela eziyinhloko:

• I-arthritis yamalunga amaningana
• I-carditis
• Amaqhubu ngaphansi kwesikhumba (`amaqhubu`)
• Ukunyakaza okusheshayo, okuxegayo (i-chorea)
• Amabala athile esikhumba (i-erythema marginatum)

Izindlela ezincane:

• Imfiva
• Amazinga egazi akhuphukile e-'ESR' (isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation)` noma i-`CRP' (iphrotheni e-C-reactive)`
• Ubuhlungu bamalunga (i-arthralgia)
• Izinguquko ze-ECG (electrocardiogram)
• Ukuba nomlando wesifo samathambo sangaphambilini noma isifo senhliziyo samathambo

Iphathwa kanjani i-rheumatic fever?

Lapho kwelashwa umkhuhlane wamathambo, ukugxila kokuqala kusuke kuqedwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane. Bese kunikezwa ukwelashwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wengane.

Ukwelashwa komkhuhlane wamathambo kungafaka:

• Ama-antibiotic: Okokuqala, odokotela banikeza ama-antibiotic ukwelapha ukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya. Amanye ama-antibiotic anikezwa njengomjovo owodwa. Amanye athathwa ngomlomo isonto noma ngaphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuthatha le mithi isikhathi esiphelele esinqunyiwe.
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala: Udokotela angase akunike imithi yokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wengane yakho. Lo muthi ungasiza futhi ekunciphiseni izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu bamalunga. Uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, udokotela angase akunike umuthi onamandla (ama-corticosteroids).
• Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha: Ngenxa yokuthi umkhuhlane wamathambo uthinta umuntu ngamunye ngendlela ehlukile, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izindlela zokwelapha kuye ngokuthi ingane yakho ithinteke kanjani. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo noma ukushintshwa kwamalunga.

Ingavinjelwa kanjani i-rheumatic fever?

Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu! Ukwelapha izifo ezifana ne-strep throat kanye ne-scarlet fever ngokushesha nangokufanele kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-rheumatic fever. Izimpawu ze-strep throat kanye ne-scarlet fever azibonakali njalo futhi kulula ukuzibona. Ngakho-ke, uma ingane yakho inomphimbo obuhlungu isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu, noma uma unezinye izimpawu ozisolayo, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela.

Uma udokotela wengane yakho ekutshela ukuthi ine-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever, landela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo. Ngisho noma ingane yakho izizwa ingcono, kufanele uthathe yonke imithi elwa namagciwane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukutheleleka kungase kungapheli ngokuphelele, futhi ungase ube namathuba amaningi okuthola i-rheumatic fever.

Yini enye ongayenza ukuze uzivikele kumkhuhlane wamathambo?

Ukuzijwayeza imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka kungasiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yengane yakho yokuthola izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Kungasiza futhi ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kokutheleleka kusuka komunye umntwana kuya komunye. Ingane yakho kufanele njalo yenze lezi zinto:

• Geza izandla zakho njalo (futhi kahle) ngensipho.
• Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, vala umlomo wakho ngethishu, indololwane, noma ihlombe (hhayi isandla sakho).
• Lahla izicubu ezisetshenziselwa ukuthimula noma ukufutha ikhala lakho kanye, bese ugeza izandla zakho.

Uma ingane yakho itholakala inomkhuhlane wamathambo, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi elwa namagciwane yesikhathi eside (njengokujova i-penicillin njalo ngenyanga). Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-antibiotic prophylaxis . Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni umphimbo we-strep esikhathini esizayo futhi kuvimbele umkhuhlane wamathambo ukuthi ungaphinde uvele.

Uyini umbono womuntu onesifo samathambo?

Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwesifo samathambo, lesi sifo singaphathwa ngokwelashwa. Ngokuhlonza lesi sifo ngendlela efanele nokuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu, ungavimbela umonakalo ohlala njalo obangelwa yilesi sifo. Izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile ukwenzeka. Uma zenzeka, zingathinta inhliziyo yengane, amalunga, isimiso sezinzwa, noma isikhumba.

Umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ungabuya noma ube yinkinga enkulu. Kwezinye izimo, umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ungabangela izinkinga ezingasongela impilo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha kungadingeka ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yengane yakho yesikhathi eside.

Ingabe umkhuhlane wamathambo ungaphinde ubuye?

Yebo. Uma ingane yakho iphinda ithola umkhuhlane we-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever, umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ungaphinde uvele. Uma ingane yakho ibike yaba nomkhuhlane we-rheumatic ngaphambili, udokotela angase ancome ukuthi ingane yakho ithathe ama-antibiotic iminyaka eminingi, noma ngisho nokuphila kwayo konke. Lokhu kwelashwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-antibiotic prophylaxis . Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni okunye ukutheleleka kwe-strep futhi kuvimbele umkhuhlane we-rheumatic ukuthi ungabuyi.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wengane?

Uma ingane yakho inomkhuhlane wamathambo, ungabuza udokotela imibuzo efana nale:

• Yimuphi umuthi wokubulala amagciwane owuncomayo?
• Ingane yami kufanele ithathe lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ingabe ingane yami kuzodingeka ithathe ama-antibiotic isikhathi eside?
• Ingabe ingane yami izodinga ezinye izivivinyo manje noma esikhathini esizayo?
• Umkhuhlane wamathambo ungamthinta kanjani ingane yami manje noma esikhathini esizayo?
• Ingabe kukhona imisebenzi engaba yingozi empilweni yengane yami?
• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa ingane yami ezoludinga kusukela esikhathini esizayo?
• Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivikele impilo yengane yami kangcono?
• Kufanele ngishayele nini udokotela wengane yami ucingo?

Uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever, ungalibali ukushayela udokotela wakho ucingo. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-rheumatic fever. Izimpawu eziphawulekayo zalezi zifo ezibangelwa amagciwane yilezi:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla (ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobunzima bokugwinya).
• Ama-lymph node avuvukele entanyeni.
• Amabala abomvu azwakala njengephepha lokusanta.
• Imfiva.
• Amathonsili avuvukele, abomvu, noma anamabala (izindlala ngemuva komlomo).
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

I-rheumatic fever iyinkinga engavamile ye- strep throat noma i-scarlet fever engelashwa. Ithinta kakhulu izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ezithinta inhliziyo yengane, amalunga, noma ezinye izitho.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ngokushesha uma usola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-strep throat noma i-scarlet fever. Ukwenza kanjalo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuthi i-rheumatic fever ingakhuli. Abantu abane-rheumatic fever bavame ukudinga iseluleko sezokwelapha impilo yabo yonke kanye nokwelashwa ukuze balondoloze impilo yabo. Ngakho-ke, ungawuthathi kalula umphimbo noma umkhuhlane wengane yakho. Khathazeka.

Umkhuhlane we - rheumatic, umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane obomvu, izifo zobuntwana, isifo senhliziyo, izifo ezithathelwanayo, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni