Abaningi bethu bayesaba uma sizwa igama elithi umdlavuza. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, uma siziqaphela ngokugcwele futhi senza ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ngesikhathi, singazivikela ngokuphelele kuzo futhi singazibona futhi sizelapha zisesesigabeni sokuqala. Umdlavuza we-Colorectal ungenye yezifo ezinjalo. Ungakhula buthule emzimbeni ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngakho konke ngalokhu, kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Uyini umdlavuza we-colorectal?
Kalula nje, lo mdlavuza uvela emathunjini ethu noma emathunjini. Zombili ziyizingxenye zesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla. Ngemva kokuba ukudla esikudlayo kudlule esiswini nasemathunjini amancane, kufinyelela emathunjini amakhulu. Yilapho umzimba umunca khona amanzi nezakhamzimba ozidingayo kulokho kudla. Bese kuthi imfucuza eqinile esele, okuyindle, igcinwe okwesikhashana emathunjini bese ikhishwa emzimbeni.
Umdlavuza uvela lapho amangqamuzana olwelwesini lwekholoni noma i-rectum eqala ukukhula ngokungalawuleki. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yi-tumor "ekhula kancane", "ethule" . Ngakho-ke ungase ungaboni zimpawu kuze kube yilapho i-tumor inkulu kakhulu. Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ukuthi ukuhlolwa njalo kungabona lo mdlavuza noma ukukhula okuncane (ama-polyp) okungaba umdlavuza kusenesikhathi.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zalo mdlavuza, kuye ngohlobo lweseli oluqala kulo. Kodwa ungacabangi kakhulu ngakho bese udideka. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela lokhu.
| Uhlobo lomdlavuza | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Adenocarcinoma | Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu (cishe ama-96%). Luqala emaseli enza i-mucus emathunjini. |
| Isimila se-carcinoid | Umdlavuza oqala emaseli akhethekile akhiqiza ama-hormone. |
| Isimila sesisu (GIST) | Ivela emaseli odongeni lwamathumbu athumela izimpawu emisipheni esiza ukuhambisa ukudla. |
| I-Lymphoma | Umdlavuza oqala emaseli esimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. |
Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola lo mdlavuza?
Noma ubani angangenwa yilesi sifo, kodwa izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yakho. Bheka ukuthi kukhona yini okusebenzayo kuwe.
- Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu noma ama-polyps (izimila ezincane) esikhathini esidlule.
- Uma udla inyama ecutshungulwe kakhulu kanye nenyama ebomvu .
- Uma unesifo samathumbu esivuvukalayo (i-IBD) , njengesifo sikaCrohn noma i-ulcerative colitis.
- Uma unezinkinga ezithile zezokwelapha ezizuzwe njengefa (isib. i-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis - FAP, HNPCC).
- Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile .
- Ukubhema .
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga ngokomzimba .
- Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile .
- Ukuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi ngisho nomuntu ongenazo lezi zinto eziyingozi angaba nalo mdlavuza. Yingakho ukuhlolwa njalo ngemva kweminyaka engu-45 kubaluleke kangaka.
Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu ezigabeni zokuqala. Kodwa-ke, njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka, lezi zimpawu zingase zivele. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu isikhathi eside, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela .
- Ushintsho lwesikhathi eside emikhubeni yakho yamathumbu (isib. ukushintshana phakathi kohudo nokuqunjelwa).
- Uma uqhubeka nokuzizwa sengathi isisu sakho asikaphumi ngokuphelele ngemva kokuya endlini yokugezela.
- Ukopha okuvela e-rectum noma igazi elisendle.
- Indle encane kunejwayelekile.
- Ukungaphatheki kahle kwesisu noma ukuqaqamba kwesisu okuqhubekayo.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukukhathala okukhulu kanye nokuphaphatheka okubangelwa ukwehla kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi (i-anemia ).
- Ukubamba isimila esiswini noma e-rectum.
Ungasithola kanjani lesi sifo? - Ukuhlolwa
Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuhlola, aphathe isisu sakho, futhi, uma kudingeka, ancome okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlolwa.
- I-Colonoscopy: Lena indinganiso yegolide . Yindlela engcono kakhulu futhi enembile kakhulu yokuhlola. Ishubhu elincane, eliguquguqukayo elinekhamera (i-colonoscope) lifakwa nge-anus bese kuhlolwa lonke ikholoni. Uma kukhona ama-polyps (ukukhula), angasuswa ngesikhathi esifanayo bese kuthathwa ingxenye encane (i-biopsy) ukuze ihlolwe.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwendle: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuhlola inani elincane legazi esitulweni elincane kakhulu ukuba lingabonwa ngamehlo enyama. Ukuhlolwa kwe-FIT kungenye yezivivinyo ezinjalo.
- I-Biopsy: Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwekholoni, kuthathwa ingxenye encane yezicubu endaweni esolisayo bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze kutholakale ukuthi akhona yini amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
- I-CT Scan: I-CT scan ingenziwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izitho ezingaphandle kwekholoni.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma kutholakala ukuthi unomdlavuza, ungesabi. Namuhla, kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu. Odokotela bazocabangela izici eziningi, njengesigaba somdlavuza wakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke, ukuze banqume ukwelashwa okufanele kakhulu kuwe.
Ukuhlinzwa
Umdlavuza kanye nama-polyp asesigabeni sokuqala kungasuswa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwekholoni. Uma umdlavuza umkhulu, kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yekholoni equkethe umdlavuza (i-partial colectomy).
Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali
Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza umzimba imithi ebulala amangqamuzana omdlavuza noma ewavimbela ukuba akhule. Lawa anikezwa njengamaphilisi noma nge-IV. Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa noma ukubulala noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza asele ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukwelashwa Ngemisebe
Lokhu kuhilela ukusebenzisa imisebe enamandla aphezulu (njenge-X-ray) ukubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-chemotherapy yomdlavuza we-rectal.
Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe kanye ne-Immunotherapy
Lezi izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha futhi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Izindlela zokwelapha eziqondiwe ziletha imithi ehlasela izinhloso ezithile ezitholakala kuphela kumaseli omdlavuza. Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy kuvuselela amasosha ethu omzimba ukulwa namaseli omdlavuza.
Ungawugwema kanjani umdlavuza?
Kuthiwa “kungcono ukuvimbela lesi sifo ngaphambi kokuba sikhule kunokuyiphatha ngemva kokuba sikhule.” Ngakho-ke kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuze sizivikele kulo mdlavuza.
1. Indlela yokuphila enempilo:
- Gwema ukubhema notshwala.
- Yenza okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 yokuzivocavoca umzimba ngamandla aphakathi ngesonto (njengokuhamba ngokushesha, ukugijima, ukugibela ibhayisikili).
- Gcina isisindo esinempilo .
2. Ukudla okufanele:
- Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-fiber (izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele).
- Nciphisa inyama ebomvu kanye nenyama ecutshunguliwe (njengesoseji, ama-meatball).
3. Ukuhlolwa Okuvamile:
- Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu . Manje kunconywa ukuthi uma ungekho engozini, kufanele uqale ukuhlolwa njalo kusukela uneminyaka engu-45 .
- Indlela engcono kakhulu ukwenza i-colonoscopy njalo eminyakeni eyi-10.
- Uma othile emndenini wakho enalo mdlavuza, ungase ufune ukuqala ukuhlolwa usemncane kakhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
| Bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha! | |
|---|---|
Uma uqhubeka nokuzwa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingenhla, ikakhulukazi igazi esitulweni sakho, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ushintsho olungachazeki emikhubeni yamathumbu, sicela ungakushayi indiva lokho. Ukuba namahloni noma ukwesaba kungenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Bheka udokotela ngokushesha ukuze uthole iseluleko. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu uvame ukungaveli ezigabeni zawo zokuqala. Ungalindi kuze kuvele izimpawu.
- Ukuhlolwa njalo (ikakhulukazi ama-colonoscopy) ngemva kweminyaka engu-45 kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela noma yokuthola umdlavuza kusenesikhathi.
- Unganciphisa ingozi yakho ngokudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokugwema ukubhema.
- Uma ubona igazi esitulweni sakho noma ubona ushintsho emikhubeni yakho yokugeza, ungesabi noma ube namahloni, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
- Khumbula, umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu uyisifo esingelapheka ngokuphelele uma utholakala kusenesikhathi . Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukuhlolwa, ukwaziswa, futhi uhlale uphilile.
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