Cishe ujwayelene kakhulu nale ndlela. Uzwa umphimbo obuhlungu , uqala ukuthimula , uqala ukukhwehlela , futhi uzizwe ungaphilile kahle. Ngaphambi kokuthi uqaphele, usuke ubanjwe umkhuhlane omubi. Wake wazibuza ukuthi kungani ukugula okuncane kangaka kusenza sizizwe kabi kangaka? Ungase umangale ukuzwa ukuthi konke lokhu kubangelwa igciwane elincane, elingabonakali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuyona igciwane elilodwa nje okudingeka ukhathazeke ngalo; kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200 zamagciwane angabangela umkhuhlane ovamile. Ake sihlole ukuthi la makhaza akhula kanjani, yini ewabangela, nokuthi yini ongayenza ukuze ululame ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uyini ngempela umkhuhlane?
Umkhuhlane umane nje ungenye igama lokutheleleka kokuphefumula okuphezulu . Kwenzeka lapho igciwane lingena engxenyeni engenhla yesistimu yakho yokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa:
- Impumulo: Isango eliyinhloko lokungena komoya ohlelweni lwakho lokuphefumula.
- Izikhala zekhala: Lezi yizikhala ezingenalutho ngaphakathi kwekhala lakho lapho umoya uhamba khona ungena futhi uphuma.
- Ama-Sinuse : Lawa amaphakethe agcwele umoya atholakala ngemuva kwebunzi lakho nezihlathi. Asiza ekuhlanzeni nasekufudumaleni umoya owuphefumulayo ngaphambi kokuba ufike emaphashini akho.
- I-Larynx: Yaziwa nangokuthi ibhokisi lakho lezwi.
Lonke uhlelo lwakho lokuphefumula lugcwele ulwelwesi olukhiqiza i-mucus, uketshezi olushelelayo. Lokhu kusebenza njengesendlalelo esivikelayo, sibambe izinhlayiya zangaphandle njengothuli nempova ngaphambi kokuba zijule. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokuthi lolu hlelo luyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani, amagciwane ngezinye izikhathi angadlula lezi zivikelo futhi abangele ukutheleleka.
Yimaphi amagciwane ayinhloko abangela umkhuhlane?
Nakuba amagciwane amaningi angabangela umkhuhlane, kunezimbangela ezimbalwa eziyinhloko.
| Uhlobo lwegciwane | Amaqiniso Ayinhloko |
|---|---|
| Igciwane le-Rhinovirus | Njengoba kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-169 ezaziwayo, lokhu kuyimbangela ye-10%-40% yazo zonke izinhlobo zomkhuhlane. Nakuba kukwenza uzizwe udabukile, akuvamile ukuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. |
| I-coronavirus | Ezinye izinhlobo zibangela umkhuhlane ovamile. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezintsha ezifana ne-SARS-CoV-2 zingaholela ezifweni ezimbi njenge-COVID-19. Lezi zivame kakhulu ebusika. |
| Igciwane Lokuphefumula Elihambisana Nokuphefumula (RSV) | Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kangangokuthi izingane eziningi sezithelelekile zineminyaka emibili. Izimpawu zivame ukuba zincane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zimbi ngokwanele ukuthi zidinge ukunakekelwa esibhedlela. |
| I-Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) | Ngaphandle komkhuhlane ovamile, lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungaholela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njenge-croup, i-bronchitis, kanye ne-pneumonia. |
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, amagciwane amaningi angaziwa abangela umkhuhlane. Cishe u-20%-30% womkhuhlane kubantu abadala ubangelwa amagciwane angakatholakali.
Amagciwane angena kanjani emzimbeni wakho?
Umkhuhlane usifo esithathelwana kakhulu :
- Ngokusondelana nomuntu onesifo somkhuhlane lapho ekhwehlela, ethimula, noma ekhuluma.
- Ngokwabelana ngezinto zakho siqu ezifana namathawula noma imibhede engcolile yileli gciwane.
- Ngokuthinta indawo engcoliswe yigciwane bese uthinta amehlo akho, impumulo, noma umlomo.
Izinganekwane vs. Amaqiniso ngomkhuhlane ovamile
Kuningi okungaqondile mayelana nempilo ku-inthanethi, ikakhulukazi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Ake sibheke ezinye izinganekwane ezivamile okungenzeka ukuthi uke wazizwa ngomkhuhlane bese sihlukanisa amaqiniso nenganekwane.
| Inganekwane Evamile | Iqiniso Lomtholampilo |
|---|---|
| Ukuba semakhazeni kukunika umkhuhlane. | Akukho bufakazi bokuthi ukuchayeka esimweni sezulu esibandayo kubangela umkhuhlane ovamile. Umkhuhlane ubangelwa amagciwane. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi sichitha isikhathi esiningi endlini nabanye phakathi nezinyanga ezibandayo, kulula kakhulu ukuthi amagciwane asakazeke. |
| Imikhiqizo yobisi ikhulisa amafinyila futhi ibhebhethekise umkhuhlane. | Lokhu kuyiphutha eliphelele. Ubisi alukhulisi ukukhiqizwa kwamafinyila emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ubisi ngezinye izikhathi lungashiya uqweqwe emlonyeni noma emphinjeni, okungakwenza uzizwe sengathi une-phlegm eyengeziwe. |
| I-Vitamin C ingakuvimbela ekutholeni umkhuhlane. | Nakuba iVithamini C isekela amasosha omzimba aphilile, ayikwazi ukuvimbela umkhuhlane ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, ingasiza ekunciphiseni isikhathi sezimpawu zakho uma usugula. Gxila ezithelweni nasemifino ukuze uthole izidingo zakho zansuku zonke; uma ucabanga ngezithasiselo, sicela uthintane nodokotela wakho kuqala. |
| Ukucindezeleka akulungile emzimbeni wakho. | Lokhu kuyiqiniso. Nakuba ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi esifushane kungakhuphula amasosha omzimba okwesikhashana, ukucindezeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside nokungenasikhathi eside kuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi adingekayo ukulwa namagciwane, okukushiya usengozini enkulu yokutheleleka njengomkhuhlane ovamile. |
Ezinye Izinto Ezandisa Ingozi Yakho Yokuba Nomkhuhlane
Ngaphandle kwamagciwane, izinto eziningana zokuphila kanye nemvelo zingakwenza ube sengozini enkulu:
- Izindawo Ezigcwele Abantu: Amagciwane asakazeka kalula ezikoleni, emahhovisi, nasezintweni zokuhamba zomphakathi.
- Umswakama Ophansi/Umoya Owomile: Umoya owomile ungomisa imigudu yakho yamakhala, wenze buthaka ulwelwesi lwamafinyila futhi kube lula ukuthi amagciwane angene.
- Ukubhema : Akugcini nje ngokulimaza wena, kodwa ukuchayeka entuthwini yokubhema kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokutheleleka kokuphefumula.
- Ukungalali : Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abalala ngaphansi kwamahora angu-7 ebusuku banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okuthola umkhuhlane uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abalala amahora angu-8 noma ngaphezulu.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, umkhuhlane ovamile uyisimo esizibekela imingcele esingenalo "ukwelashwa." Isu elihle kakhulu lokululama ukugxila ekuphumuleni, ukuhlala unamanzi emzimbeni , kanye nokulawula izimpawu zakho.
Ungalulama kanjani ngokunethezeka?
Nakuba kungekho muthi omangalisayo wokuqeda umkhuhlane ngokushesha, ungazilawula izimpawu zakho ngalezi zinyathelo:
- Beka Ukuphumula Kuqala: Umzimba wakho udinga amandla okulwa negciwane.
- Hlala Umanzi: Phuza amanzi amaningi, itiye lamakhambi elingenayo i-caffeine, noma isobho lenkukhu elifudumele. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi kunciphise ukuminyana kwamakhala.
- Phefumula umusi: Ukusebenzisa isitsha somusi noma ukugeza ngamanzi afudumele kungasiza ekuhlanzeni imigudu yakho yamakhala.
- Hlanza ngamanzi anosawoti: Hlanganisa ithisipuni elilodwa kuya kwengxenye yesigamu sikasawoti engilazini yamanzi afudumele ukuze uthobe umphimbo obuhlungu noma oklwebhayo (akukhuthazwa ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6).
- Imithi: Imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu etholakala ngaphandle kwemithi ingasiza ngezinhlungu nomkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, khuluma njalo nodokotela wakho noma nosokhemisi ngaphambi kokuqala noma yimiphi imithi emisha, ikakhulukazi uma unezinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo noma uthatha eminye imithi evamile.
Isexwayiso: Gwema ukunikeza izingane kanye nentsha i-Aspirin. Kuye kwahlotshaniswa nesifo sikaReye, isifo esingavamile kodwa esibi kakhulu, esisongela ukuphila.
Umkhuhlane uvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezingu-7-10. Uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, uba nomkhuhlane oqhubekayo, noma ubhekene nobunzima bokuphefumula, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo njengobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, sicela uvakashele umnyango wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela oseduze nawe.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele Ukuze Ululame
- Umkhuhlane usakazeka kakhulu, awubangelwa isimo sezulu esibandayo.
- Ukuvimbela kubalulekile: geza izandla zakho njalo futhi uvale ukukhwehlela kwakho nokuthimula.
- Sekela amasosha omzimba wakho ngokulala ngokwanele, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, kanye nokudla okulinganiselayo.
- Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile, gxila ekuphumuleni nasekulawuleni izimpawu.
- Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nochwepheshe uma izimpawu zinkulu noma zingathuthuki.
Umkhuhlane ovamile, ukutheleleka ngegciwane, impumulo egobhozayo, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhwehlela, izimbangela zomkhuhlane, amakhambi omkhuhlane
