Ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi ikhanda lengane yakho likhulu kancane kunokujwayelekile? Noma ingabe ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwembule ukuthi kukhona uketshezi oluningi ebuchosheni bengane? Kujwayelekile ukuthi noma yimuphi umama noma ubaba azizwe esaba futhi ekhungathekile lapho ezwa into efana nale. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ' i-hydrocephalus '. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela wonke umuntu angayiqonda.
Kuyini i-Hydrocephalus?
Uma uzwa leli gama, abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi yisifo lapho ubuchopho bugcwala khona ngamanzi. Igama ngokwalo liyinhlanganisela yamagama athi "amanzi" kanye "nekhanda". Kodwa empeleni, lokhu akuwona amanzi. Lokhu kuwuketshezi olubaluleke kakhulu olujikeleza ubuchopho bethu kanye nomgogodla. Ngokwezokwelapha lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i -Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) .
Kalula nje, cabanga ngohlelo olungaphakathi kobuchopho bethu njengesitsha samanzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lolu ketshezi lwe-CSF lukhiqizwa njalo, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, luyamuncwa futhi lukhishwe ngumzimba. Kudingeka kube nokulinganisela okuhle phakathi kwesivinini okukhiqizwa ngaso lokhu kanye nesivinini okumuncwa ngaso ngumzimba.
Uma kwenzeka i-hydrocephalus, ngesizathu esithile lokhu kulinganisela kuyaphazamiseka futhi uketshezi lwe-CSF luqala ukunqwabelana ngaphakathi kobuchopho. Njengoba uketshezi lunqwabelana, ingcindezi ngaphakathi kobuchopho iyanda futhi ikhanda lomntwana lingakhula.
Igama elithi "congenital" lisho ukuthi lesi simo sikhona enganeni kusukela izalwa .
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka ezinganeni? Yiziphi izizathu?
Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani lolu ketshezi lwe-CSF lunganqwabelana ngaphakathi kobuchopho:
1. Ukukhiqizwa koketshezi okwandisiwe: Ama-ventricle angaphakathi kobuchopho akhiqiza uketshezi lwe-CSF oluningi kunokudingekile.
2. Ukuvaleka kokugeleza koketshezi: Ukuvaleka endaweni ethile ezindleleni lapho uketshezi olukhiqizwayo lugeleza khona. Lena imbangela evame kakhulu.
3. Ukuncipha kokumuncwa koketshezi emzimbeni: Uketshezi oluphumayo alumuncwa kahle lubuyele egazini.
I-hydrocephalus yokuzalwa ingabangelwa izici zofuzo, kanye nezimo ezithile ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kukamama. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimbangela eziyinhloko kuthebula elingezansi.
| Imbangela | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Aqueductal Stenosis | Ukuncipha noma ukuvaleka kwendlela ephakathi kwama-ventricle amabili obuchopho. Lokhu kungabangelwa ukutheleleka, izimila, noma ukopha. |
| Iziphambeko Ze-Neural Tube | Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne-spina bifida, lapho ingxenye yomgogodla ivezwa khona lapho uzalwa, zingavimba ukugeleza koketshezi lwe-CSF. |
| Ama-cysts e-Arachnoid | Lezi uhlobo lwesimila oluvela ebuchosheni futhi lungavimba izindlela zokungena koketshezi lwe-CSF. |
| I-Dandy-Walker Syndrome | Isimo lapho izingxenye zobuchopho zingakhuli kahle. Lokhu kungabangela ukuba iseli elilodwa ebuchosheni likhule ngenxa yokuncishiswa noma ukuvaleka kwezindlela zoketshezi. |
| Ukukhubazeka kweChiari | Isimo esithinta ukuhlangana kobuchopho nomgogodla. Ingxenye engezansi yobuchopho isunduza umgogodla, okungabangela ukuvaleka. |
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lesi simo?
Ngokuvamile, odokotela bangathola izinguquko ekukhuleni kobuchopho bomntwana, njenge-ventricles ekhuliswe kancane, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound okuvamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho.
Uma ukuskena kubonisa into efana naleyo, udokotela angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze akuphenye ngokucacile.
- I-MRI scan: Lokhu kuvumela ukubuka okuningiliziwe kakhulu ukukhula kobuchopho bomntwana .
- Ukuhlolwa koketshezi lwe-amniotic:Ngesikhathi umntwana esesibelethweni, kungathathwa isampula encane yoketshezi lwe-amniotic ukuze kuhlolwe ama-chromosome omntwana.
- Umlando wezokwelapha womndeni: Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi udokotela azi ukuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho oke waba nezimo ezifana nokukhubazeka kwe-neural tube.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Nakuba lesi simo sitholakala ngesikhathi umntwana esesesibelethweni, ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana.
Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela isimo somntwana wakho bese ekhetha indlela yokwelapha efaneleka kakhulu kumntwana wakho.
Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha.
1. Ukufaka i-Shunt System:
Lena yindlela yokwelapha evame kakhulu. Kule nqubo, kufakwa ipayipi lepulasitiki elincane kakhulu neliguquguqukayo ngokuhlinzwa kusukela lapho uketshezi lwe-CSF luqoqana khona ebuchosheni bomntwana, ngaphansi kwesikhumba, endaweni efana nesisu somntwana. Uketshezi olwengeziwe oluqoqana ebuchosheni ludlula ngepayipi luqoqene esiswini, lapho lumuncwa khona ngokuphephile ngumzimba.
2. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-ETV (Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy):
Lena enye indlela yokwelapha. Lapha, ikhamera encane enobuchwepheshe be-fiber-optic isetshenziswa ukungena ngaphakathi ebuchosheni bese ivula imbobo encane e-ventricle yobuchopho ukuze igweme ukuvaleka kwendlela yoketshezi. Uketshezi lube selugeleza ngembobo bese lumuncwa emzimbeni.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?
Ikusasa lomntwana ozelwe ene-hydrocephalus lincike embangela yesifo kanye nezinye izici eziningana.
Ngemva kokufakwa kwezinhlelo ze-shunt, zidinga ukubhekwa njalo ngudokotela . I-shunt ingadinga ukushintshwa noma kungadingeka ezinye izindlela zokuhlinzwa njengoba ingane ikhula. Izinkinga nge-shunt zingafaka:
- Izifo
- Ipayipi livalekile.
- Ukwehluleka kwemishini
- Ipayipi liyaba lisanele njengoba umntwana ekhula.
Kukhona futhi izingozi ezithile ngokuhlinzwa kwe-ETV. Kukhona ingozi yokuthi imbobo ivaleke ngokuzumayo, okungaba yingozi empilweni. Kukhona nezingozi ezifana nokutheleleka, umkhuhlane, kanye nokopha.
Ngisho noma ukwelashwa kwelashwa, lesi simo singaba nomthelela ekukhuleni komzimba nokwengqondo kwengane. Ngakho-ke, ingane ingadinga ukulungiswa, imfundo ekhethekile , njll. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphathwa kahle kwezokwelapha nothando nokunakekelwa kwabazali , izingane eziningi zingaphila impilo evamile nejabulisayo enemikhawulo embalwa emincane. Ngakho-ke yiba nesibindi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Hydrocephalus akuyona ukunqwabelana 'kwamanzi' ebuchosheni, kodwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi olukhethekile olubizwa ngokuthi i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
- Lesi simo singatholakala kaningi ngokusebenzisa ama-scan ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo zalokhu, njengokufakwa kwe-shunt noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-ETV.
- Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo kanye nokuqapha ingane kubaluleke kakhulu, ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukwesaba onakho, ngaphandle kokuba namahloni noma ukungabaza.
- Ngokwelashwa nokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, izingane eziningi zingaphila impilo enhle.
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