Wake wazibuza ukuthi siwubona kanjani umhlaba ngokucacile kangaka? Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ulwelwesi olucacile noluncane phambi kwamehlo ethu. Le ngxenye, esebenza njengelensi yekhamera, ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Cornea". Uma isimo sale cornea sishintsha ngisho nakancane, lokho esikubonayo kungaba lufiphale futhi kuphambukile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Corneal Topography', ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu futhi okungenabuhlungu ukuhlola isimo esiqondile se-cornea yakho.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Corneal Topography?
Leli gama lingase lizwakale lingavamile. Ngokuvamile sisebenzisa igama elithi "topography" kwezezwe, okuwukwenza amamephu abonisa ubuso bomhlaba, ukuma kwezintaba, izigodi, imifula, njll. Ngakho-ke uyidweba kanjani imephu ngokubonakalayo?
Cabanga ukuthi i-cornea yakho ifana nesiqhingi esincane. Ezinye izingxenye zobuso balesi siqhingi ziphakeme, ezinye izingxenye ziphansi, kanti ezinye izingxenye zingase zibe nezimbobo. Kodwa asikwazi ukubona lezi zinguquko ngamehlo ethu. Yingakho kusetshenziswa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi 'i-Corneal Topography'. Ekwenzayo, isebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile yekhompyutha ukudala imephu ye-cornea yakho enezinhlangothi ezintathu (3D) . Le mephu iboniswa ngombala. Ngaleyo mibala, singabona ngqo ukuthi i-cornea iphakeme kuphi, ukuthi iyisicaba kuphi, ukuthi incane kuphi, nokuthi ijiyile kuphi.
Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nokuthwebula izithombe ezikhethekile zamehlo akho. Akukho ubuhlungu, futhi akukho lutho oluthinta amehlo akho.
Kungani sidinga lolu vivinyo?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kufeza imisebenzi eminingana ebaluleke kakhulu kwezokwelapha amehlo. Kunezizathu ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1. Thola izifo zamehlo bese uqapha intuthuko yazo
Ezinye izifo zamehlo zithinta ngqo ukuma nobukhulu be-cornea. Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ekuxilongeni izifo ezinjalo.
- I-Astigmatism: Isimo lapho i-cornea ingeyona indilinga ngokuphelele, kodwa ide kancane, njengeqanda. Lokhu kungabangela ukubona okufiphele.
- I-Keratoconus: Lesi yisimo esibucayi. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi i-cornea iyancipha kancane kancane futhi iqhume phambili njenge-cone. Ukuhlolwa kwe-`Corneal Topography` kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola lokhu kusenesikhathi.
- Ukuwohloka kwe-pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD): Lesi futhi yisimo lapho i-cornea iba buthakathaka khona.
- Izibazi ezibangelwa ukulimala noma ukutheleleka: Uma kukhona isibazi ku-cornea, ungabona kahle ukuthi sithinta kanjani umbono.
- I-Pterygium: Isimo lapho ukukhula okunenyama kukhula kusuka kokumhlophe kweso kuye ku-cornea.
2. Hlela ukuhlinzwa bese uhlola imiphumela
Lokhu kuhlolwa kubalulekile ekuhlinzweni kwamehlo, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa kwe-cornea.
- Ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa umbono nge-laser (i-LASIK noma i-PRK): Abantu abaningi bafuna ukususa izibuko noma ama-contact lens ngokuhlinzwa kwe-`(LASIK)`. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu ongenza lokhu kuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuma nobukhulu be-cornea yakho kufanelekile kulokhu kuhlinzwa. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, isimo esifana ne-`(Keratoconus)` singatholakala ngisho noma singenazimpawu. Uma i-`(LASIK)` yenziwe kubantu abanjalo, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-cataract: Uma kususwa i-cataract futhi kufakwa ilensi yokwenziwa, ulwazi mayelana nesimo se-cornea lubalulekile ukuze kubalwe ngokunembile amandla aleyo lensi.
- Ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa i-cornea: Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza ukuhlola isimo se-cornea eyonakele ngaphambi nangemva kokuba ithathelwe indawo ngentsha.
- Ukuxhumanisa i-cornea nge-cross-linking: Ukuhlinzwa kokuqinisa i-cornea esibuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne-`(Keratoconus)`. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuyadingeka futhi ukuhlela lokhu kuhlinzwa.
3. Khetha amalensi okuxhumana afanelana kahle namehlo akho.
Lokhu kuhlolwa akudingeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze kufakwe ilensi yokuxhumana evamile. Kodwa-ke, uma i-cornea yakho inomumo ongavamile, njenge-Keratoconus, amalensi avamile ngeke asebenze. Kuleso simo, kuzodingeka usebenzise amalensi okuxhumana aqinile akhethekile (amalensi aqinile angena ngegesi - RGP) . Ukuze ilensi enjalo ifanele iso lakho kahle, zonke izilinganiso ze-cornea kumele zithathwe futhi ilensi kumele yenziwe ukuze ilingane nayo. Imephu etholwe ku-Corneal Topography iwusizo kakhulu kulokhu.
Ubani ofuna ukwenza lolu vivinyo?
Ungase uzibuze ukuthi uyakudinga yini lokhu kuhlolwa. Odokotela bavame ukuncoma lokhu kuhlolwa ezimweni ezilandelayo.
| Isimo | Isizathu |
|---|---|
| Uma ucabanga ngokuhlinzwa nge-laser (njenge-LASIK) | Qiniseka ukuthi i-cornea yakho ifanelekile ukuhlinzwa nokuthi azikho izimo zezokwelapha ezifihliwe. Lesi isinyathelo esiyimpoqo. |
| Uma udinga ukuhlinzwa ngenxa yesimo se-cornea | Kusiza udokotela ukuhlela ukuhlinzwa ngokunembile futhi athole imiphumela emihle kakhulu. |
| Uma usuvele uhlinzwe amehlo | Hlola imiphumela yokuhlinzwa nokuthi isimo se-cornea sishintshe kanjani. |
| Uma udinga amalensi okuxhumana akhethekile | Khetha ilensi ekhululekile efanela kahle i-cornea enomumo ongavamile. |
Ukuhlolwa kulula kakhulu!
Ingabe udinga ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Ngokuvamile, akudingeki ukulungiselela okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke , uma ugqoka ama-contact lens, udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi uyeke ukuwagqoka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, noma ngisho namasonto, ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukugqoka ama-lens kungashintsha okwesikhashana isimo semvelo se-cornea yakho (i-corneal warpage). Ngakho-ke ukuze uthole izilinganiso ezinembile, udinga ukulinda kuze kube yilapho i-cornea yakho ibuyele esimweni sayo semvelo.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Lonke lolu hlelo luthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.
1. Wenziwa ukuba uhlale esihlalweni phambi komshini obukeka njengebhola elikhulu.
2. Ibunzi lakho nesilevu sakho kubekwa ezindaweni ezikhethiwe futhi utshelwa ukuthi uhlale ukhululekile.
3. Bese becelwa ukuthi babheke ngqo ukukhanya okuthile ngaphakathi ebholeni.
4. Ngesikhathi ulindile, umshini uthatha izithombe eziningana zamehlo akho ngaphandle komsindo noma ubuhlungu.
5. Izithombe ezithathwe zihlaziywa yikhompyutha bese ziguqulwa zibe amamephu emibala ashiwo ngenhla.
Yilokho kuphela! Ngeke uzwe lutho. Umshini ngeke ushaye ngisho namehlo akho . Kufana nokuthatha isithombe.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa... amamephu anemibala!
Ngemva kokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza amamephu anemibala eminingana. Uma uwabona, ungase ungakwazi ukuthola ukuthi ayini. Kodwa umbala ngamunye kanye nenombolo ngayinye kunencazelo ethile.
Ngokuvamile, imibala efudumele efana nobomvu no-orenji ikhombisa izindawo eziphakeme/ezivelele ze-cornea . Imibala epholile efana nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza ikhombisa izindawo ezisicaba/eziphansi ze-cornea .
Kuye ngolwazi oludingwa udokotela, izinhlobo ezahlukene zamamephu zingatholakala.
| Uhlobo Lwemephu | Lokhu kusibonisani? |
|---|---|
| Imephu ye-Axial (Imephu ye-Sagittal) | Lena imephu esetshenziswa kakhulu. Ibonisa ukugoba kwe-cornea, okungukuthi, amaphuzu aphezulu naphansi (njengamagquma nezigodi). Ku-cornea enempilo, le mephu ivame ukuba luhlaza okotshani. |
| Imephu Yokuphakama | Lokhu kuqhathanisa i-cornea yakho "nesimo esijwayelekile" esenziwe yikhompyutha. Imibala efudumele ikhombisa izindawo eziphakeme kunesimo esijwayelekile. Imibala ebandayo ikhombisa izindawo eziphansi kunesimo esijwayelekile. |
| Imephu Yobukhulu Be-Corneal (Imephu ye-Pachymetry) | Le mephu ikhombisa ukujiya kwe-cornea. Imibala efudumele (njengobomvu) ikhombisa izindawo ezincane, kanti imibala epholile (njengoluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) ikhombisa izindawo ezikhudlwana. Le mephu ibalulekile ekuxilongeni izimo ezifana ne-keratoconus, lapho i-cornea iba mncane khona. |
Ungakhathazeki ngala mamephu anemibala. Kungumsebenzi kadokotela wakho ukuhlaziya ngokunembile ulwazi olukula mamephu bese unikeza incazelo yesimo sakho. Mbuze noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
Ingabe lokhu kuphephile? Kufanele ngikhulume nini nodokotela?
Yebo. I-Corneal Topography iyisivivinyo esiphephile esingu-100%. Azikho izingozi noma imiphumela emibi eyaziwayo. Futhi iyisivivinyo esingenabuhlungu nesisheshayo.
Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwakho, noma uma izimpawu zamehlo akho (njengokubona okufiphele, ubuhlungu) zintsha noma ziba zimbi kakhulu, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Corneal Topography iyisivivinyo esingenabuhlungu nesiphephile esakha imephu ye-3D ye-cornea (ingxenye esobala ngaphambili kweso lakho).
- Lokhu kubalulekile ekuxilongeni izifo ezifana ne-'Keratoconus' kanye ne-'Astigmatism', kanye nokunquma ukuthi uyakufanelekela yini ukuhlinzwa nge-laser njenge-'LASIK'.
- Lokhu kusiza ekudaleni amalensi okuxhumana akhethekile ama-cornea anesimo esingajwayelekile.
- Imiphumela yokuhlolwa iboniswa ngendlela yamamephu anemibala. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela incazelo yalokhu ngamagama alula.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nalolu vivinyo noma imiphumela, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
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