Ake sifunde kabanzi nge-COVID Pneumonia, i-pneumonia ehambisana ne-COVID.

Ingabe ukhathazekile nokuthi kukhona okuzokwenzeka emaphashini akho uma uthola i-COVID? Ngezinye izikhathi uma uthola i-COVID-19 ('COVID-19') ivele ibe njengomkhuhlane noma umkhuhlane bese iba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kodwa kwabanye abantu ingaba nzima kakhulu. Yilapho lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-COVID pneumonia' noma 'i-COVID Pneumonia' sivela khona. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane oseduze.

Iyini i-COVID Pneumonia?

Kalula nje, i-COVID pneumonia ukutheleleka okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu akho. Kubangelwa igciwane elibizwa nge-SARS-CoV-2, elibangela i-COVID-19. Ungayithola i-COVID-19 bese uba ne-pneumonia njengenkinga. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amasosha omzimba wakho elwa nokutheleleka ngegciwane emaphashini akho, okwenza amaphaphu avuvuke futhi agcwale uketshezi. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuphefumula.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngento ebizwa ngokuthi `(Bilateral interstitial pneumonia)`. I-pneumonia ehlotshaniswa ne-Covid-19 ivame ukwenzeka kuwo womabili amaphaphu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi `(Bilateral)`. Izicubu ezizungeze amasaka omoya nemithambo yegazi emaphashini zibizwa ngokuthi `(Interstitial tissue).` Kulesi simo, lesi zicubu emaphashini womabili sonakele. Abanye abantu bangaba nezinkinga zamaphaphu `(i-COVID ende noma i-PASC - imiphumela ye-SARS CoV-2)` ngisho nangemva kokuba belulame ku-Covid.

I-COVID-19 iwathinta kanjani amaphaphu?

I-Covid-19 yisifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa yigciwane `(SARS-CoV-2)`. Leli gciwane lingena ngqo emgudwini wakho wokuphefumula futhi lilimaze amaphaphu akho. Ngakho-ke, njengoba amasosha omzimba wakho esebenza ukulwa naleli gciwane, ukuvuvukala okubangela lona kungalimaza namaphaphu akho. Futhi, uketshezi luqala ukuqongelela ezikhwameni zomoya ezincane `(alveoli)` ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-pneumonia.

Ingabe i-pneumonia ingavela ngemva kokuthola i-Covid-19?

Yebo, kungenzeka. Igciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 lingathelela amaphaphu akho futhi libangele i-pneumonia. Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthakathaka yi-COVID, elinye igciwane lingathelela amaphaphu akho futhi libangele i-pneumonia. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ukutheleleka okuphezulu." Futhi, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula ngenxa ye-COVID-19 futhi uxhunywe "kumshini wokuphefumula," kukhona ingozi yokuthola "i-pneumonia ehlobene nomshini wokuphefumula."

Ingabe i-Covid pneumonia kanye ne-Covid-19 ziyizifo ezimbili?

Cha, akuzona izifo ezimbili. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, lezi yizimo ezimbili ezahlukene zesifo esifanayo. I-Covid-19 yisifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa yigciwane elithi '(SARS-CoV-2)'. I-Covid pneumonia iyinkinga ye-Covid-19, isimo lapho amaphaphu evuvukala futhi agcwala uketshezi, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Covid pneumonia nezinye izinhlobo ze-pneumonia?

Noma iyiphi i-pneumonia ibangela ukuthi amaphaphu avuvuke futhi agcwale uketshezi. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi indlela igciwane elibangela i-Covid pneumonia, i-SARS-CoV-2, elisakazeka ngayo emaphashini ihlukile kancane kune-pneumonia ebangelwa amanye amagciwane namagciwane.

Cabanga ngalokhu. Ngokuvamile, olunye uhlobo lwe-pneumonia luyinto esakazeka ngokushesha emaphashini, njengomlilo wasendle. Izimpawu zivela ngokuzumayo futhi ziba zimbi kakhulu ngokushesha. Kodwa azihlali isikhathi eside.

Kodwa ku-Covid pneumonia, igciwane libonakala lingena ezindaweni eziningana emaphashini ngesikhathi esisodwa bese lihlala lapho. Bese, usebenzisa amasosha akho omzimba, liqala ukusabalala kwezinye izingxenye zamaphaphu. Kufana nokubasa imililo eminingi emincane ehlathini. Ngemva kwesikhashana, izinhlansi ezivela kuleyo mililo ziyasabalala, zivuthe izindawo ezintsha, futhi kancane kancane zisakaze umonakalo kuyo yonke indawo. Ngakho-ke i-Covid pneumonia cishe izohlala isikhathi eside futhi yonakalise izingxenye eziningi zamaphaphu .

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-Covid pneumonia?

Kukhona abanye abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo esibi se-COVID-19 kanye nezimo ezifana ne-COVID pneumonia. Uma uwela kwelinye lala maqembu, kuwumqondo omuhle ukuqaphela kakhudlwana, akunjalo?

• Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala.
• Uma ukhulelwe.
• Uma ubhema, noma uma uke wabhema esikhathini esidlule.
• Uma othile eke wafakelwa isitho noma iseli legazi.

Futhi, uma unezinye zezimo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo, ingozi yakho iphakeme nakakhulu:

• Izinkinga zegazi (isib. isifo se-sickle cell, i-thalassemia).
• Izimo zomdlavuza.
• Isifo semithambo yegazi (isib. isifo sohlangothi).
• Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi esingamahlalakhona (isib. i-hepatitis, i-cirrhosis, isifo sesibindi esinamafutha angenalo utshwala (i-NAFLD)).
• Izifo zamaphaphu ezingamahlalakhona (isib. i-asthma, i-COPD, i-pulmonary fibrosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme wamaphaphu, i-pulmonary embolism).
• I-cystic fibrosis.
• Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-dementia kanye nesifo se-Alzheimer's.
• Isifo Sikashukela (Uhlobo 1 noma Uhlobo 2) `(Isifo Sikashukela - Uhlobo 1 noma Uhlobo 2)`.
• Izinkinga zokuzalwa ezifana ne-cerebral palsy kanye ne-Down syndrome.
• Isifo senhliziyo (isib. ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, isifo semithambo yenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme).
• I-HIV/AIDS noma ezinye izifo ezenza buthaka amasosha omzimba.
• Izinkinga zempilo yengqondo (isib. ukucindezeleka, i-schizophrenia ).
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
• Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa (njengotshwala, ama-opioid, i-cocaine).
• Isifo sofuba.

Bangaki abantu abathola i-COVID-19 abathola i-pneumonia?

Ngokuvamile, cishe abantu abayi-15% abathola i-COVID-19 baba nezinkinga ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa ne-pneumonia ye-COVID-19. Lokho kusho ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-77 emhlabeni wonke manje sebebhekane nezimo ezimbi ze-COVID-19. Ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Covid pneumonia?

Izimpawu ze-pneumonia ye-COVID-19 zingafana kakhulu nezokutheleleka okuvamile kwe-COVID-19. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zimpawu zibonakala zintsha noma uma izimpawu ezikhona ziba zimbi kakhulu , kungasho ukuthi isimo sakho se-COVID-19 siya ngokuya siba yi-pneumonia. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

• Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) noma ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukuzizwa udidekile, njengokungathi ulahlekelwa yingqondo.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi ukhathele.
• Ukukhwehlela (mhlawumbe ukukhwehlela okune-mucus).
• Imfiva.
• Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina.
• Ukushintsha kombala wezindebe, isikhumba, noma izinzipho okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis).

Uma noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zibonakala zintsha noma zimbi kakhulu, kungcono ukubona udokotela ngokushesha. Ungakuzibi, ikakhulukazi uma kuhambisana nobunzima bokuphefumula.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ukutheleleka kwami ​​​​kwe-COVID-19 kuqhubekela phambili ekubeni yi-pneumonia?

Izimpawu ze-COVID-19 kanye ne-pneumonia zifana kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukuzixilonga. Kodwa-ke, uma ukutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 kuqhubekela phambili ekubeni yi-pneumonia, uphawu oluyinhloko nolusobala kakhulu ukwanda kobunzima bokuphefumula. Uma uzizwa sengathi unenkinga yokuphefumula, noma uma uzizwa ucindezekile, hamba esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.

Ingabe i-Covid pneumonia iyathelelana?

Igciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 liyathelelana. Uma uthelelekile, ungalidlulisela kwabanye igciwane hhayi kuphela uma ukhwehlela, uthimula, ukhuluma, noma uphefumula. I-pneumonia yisimo esenzeka emaphashini akho uma une-COVID-19. Ungalidlulisela komunye umuntu i-COVID-19 kusuka kumuntu one-pneumonia ye-COVID-19. Kodwa-ke, akuqiniseki ukuthi lowo muntu uzoba ne-pneumonia.

Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi ungangenwa yi-pneumonia ngenxa yokutheleleka ngamagciwane kanye ne-Covid-19, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, "ukutheleleka okukhulu." Lokho kutheleleka ngamagciwane kungathelelana. Kungabangela ne-pneumonia komunye umuntu.

Ungayithola kanjani i-Covid pneumonia? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuze athole ukuthi une-COVID pneumonia, udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi ahlole umzimba. Bazolalela amaphaphu akho nge-stethoscope, bahlole umfutho wegazi lakho, izinga lokushisa, kanye namazinga omoya-mpilo (i-pulse oximetry). Ngokuvamile, i-nasal swab ingathathwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi une-COVID-19 noma olunye ukutheleleka ngegciwane.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa ezinye izivivinyo eziningana:

• Izithombe zamaphaphu:Kwenziwa i-X-ray yesifuba noma i-CT scan ukuze kuhlolwe izifo zamaphaphu.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Kuzothathwa isampula yegazi lakho ukuze kutholakale ukuthi i-pneumonia yakho ibangelwa yi-COVID-19 noma igciwane.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhwehlela: Ucelwa ukuba ukhwehlele, bese kuthathwa isampula yesikhwehlela bese ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ukutheleleka nokuthi yini ebangela lokho.
• Ukukhuliswa koketshezi lwe-Pleural: Ngezinye izikhathi, inani elincane loketshezi oluzungeze amaphaphu lithathwa kusetshenziswa inalithi encane bese lihlolwa.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegesi yegazi emthanjeni: Kuthathwa isampula yegazi emthanjeni osesihlakaleni sakho, engalweni, noma esinqeni ukuze kuhlolwe izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lakho. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
• I-Bronchoscopy: Esimweni esiphuthumayo, ipayipi elincane, elikhanyayo (i-bronchoscope) lingadluliselwa emaphashini ukuze libheke ngaphakathi bese lithatha amasampula ezicubu noma oketshezi.

Iphathwa kanjani i-Covid pneumonia?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-COVID pneumonia, cishe uzolaliswa esibhedlela. Lapho, ungathola ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Imithi yokulwa namagciwane: Kunemithi ethile yokulwa namagciwane, njenge-Remdesivir noma i-Paxlovid™, ehlasela ngqo igciwane elibangela i-COVID-19 futhi isize ekulawuleni ukutheleleka.
• Ama-antibiotic: Lawa anikezwa i-pneumonia ebangelwa amagciwane. Le mithi inikezwa uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi unesifo samagciwane kanye ne-COVID pneumonia. Ngezinye izikhathi, inganikezwa futhi njengesinyathelo sokuqapha uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi unesifo samagciwane.
• I-oxygen eyengeziwe: Uma amaphaphu akho esebenza kodwa umzimba wakho ungatholi i-oxygen eyanele, i-oxygen eyengeziwe inikezwa ngepayipi elibekwe ekhaleni lakho noma ngemaski ebekwe ebusweni bakho.
• Uketshezi lwe-IV: Izinto ezifana ne-IV saline zinikezwa ukuvimba umzimba ukuthi ungabi namanzi emzimbeni.
• Ukususa uketshezi emaphashini: Uketshezi oluqongeleleke emaphashini lungasuswa ngokufaka i-catheter noma ngokuhlinzwa.
• Ama-Corticosteroids: Imithi yohlobo lwe-steroid, njenge-Dexamethasone, isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini.
• Ama-antibodies e-Monoclonal: Ukwelashwa okufana ne-Tocilizumab kungasiza ekunciphiseni noma ekuvimbeleni ukuvuvukala.
• Umoya wokuphefumula ngomshini: Uma ungakwazi ukuphefumula kahle wedwa, uzoxhunywa kumshini wokuphefumula. Kulokhu, ipayipi lifakwa emphinjeni wakho lingene epayipini lakho lomoya, bese kusetshenziswa umshini wokukuphefumula. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, uzolaliswa.
• Ukuphefumula kwe-oxygenation yangaphandle kwesikhumba (ECMO): Uma amaphaphu noma inhliziyo yakho ingasebenzi kahle, ungase uxhunywe emshinini we-ECMO. Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha esindisa impilo ethatha umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho.

Khumbula, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngayinye yalezi zindlela zokwelapha bese enquma ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu esimweni sakho. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.

Ungakuvimbela kanjani i-Covid pneumonia?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-COVID pneumonia ukunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-COVID-19 nezinye izimo ezingalimaza amaphaphu akho. Ungenza lezi zinto:

• Ukuthola umuthi wokugomela i-Covid-19.
• Gomela isifo se-pneumococcal, esingabangela i-pneumonia yamagciwane.
• Gwema ukubhema futhi uzivikele ekubhemeni intuthu ephuma komunye umuntu.
• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi ngaphambi kokudla, ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla, nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Uma insipho ingekho, sebenzisa isihlanzi sezandla esinotshwala.
• Uma wena noma omunye umuntu ene-COVID-19, gwema ukuxhumana eduze nokwabelana ngezinto.
• Uma unezinye izimo zempilo (lezo eziwela emaqenjini asengozini esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili), zitholele ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele, njengoba lezo zimo zingenza i-COVID-19 ibe nzima kakhulu.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama kwi-Covid pneumonia?

Akunakwenzeka ukusho ukuthi i-COVID pneumonia izohlala isikhathi esingakanani. Ingahluka usuku nosuku. Ngezinye izinsuku ungase uzizwe ungcono, kodwa-ke ingaba yimbi kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, icala elincane lokugula lizothatha amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha ukuze lilulame. Kodwa-ke, uma isimo sibi kakhulu, kungathatha izinyanga ukuze ululame. Ukuthi uzizwa ungcono ngokushesha kangakanani kuncike ku:

• iminyaka yakho.
• Ubunzima be-pneumonia.
• Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unezinye izinkinga zempilo noma izinkinga.

Uma uqhubeka nokuba nezinkinga zempilo ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-COVID pneumonia, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho futhi ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-Covid pneumonia?

I-Covid pneumonia iyinkinga yokutheleleka kwe-Covid-19. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuthi ungagula kangakanani ngenxa yegciwane elithi `(SARS-CoV-2)`. Cabanga ngalokhu ngale ndlela:

1. Isifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa yigciwane: Lolu uhlobo oluncane kakhulu lokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19. Kodwa lusengadala izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula, okungaba kubi kakhulu. Iningi labantu lingakwazi ukulawula izimpawu zabo ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu, kungadingeka ukuthi bangeniswe esibhedlela.

2. I-COVID pneumonia:Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaphaphu etheleleka, evuvukala, futhi egcwala uketshezi, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Uma une-COVID pneumonia, kuzodingeka uqashwe eduze esibhedlela futhi welashwe izimpawu zakho. Lokhu kuvame ukubhekwa njengecala eliphakathi kuya kwelibi le-COVID-19.

3. I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): I-Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) yisimo lapho uhlelo lokuphefumula luhluleka khona. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaphaphu akho engasebenzi kahle, okuvimbela umzimba wakho ekutholeni umoya-mpilo owanele. Uma ungena kulesi sigaba esibucayi se-COVID-19, kungadingeka ukuthi uxhunywe kumshini wokuphefumula ukuze uphefumulele.

Lingakanani izinga lokululama ngenxa ye-Covid pneumonia?

Ezikhathini ezivamile, lapho izibhedlela zingakhungathekiswa ukugcwala kweziguli, izinga lokululama ngenxa ye-COVID pneumonia licishe libe ngu-80%. Lokho kusho ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-80 kwabayi-100 bayalulama. Kodwa-ke, uma igagasi elikhulu leziguli lifika ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi ligcwala izibhedlela, inani labafa ngenxa ye-COVID pneumonia lingaphindeka kabili. Ngakho-ke, ukufuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu kwandisa amathuba akho okusindisa impilo yakho nokululama ngokushesha.

Yini engingayenza ukuze ngihlale ngiphilile uma ngine-COVID pneumonia?

Ngemva kokukhishwa esibhedlela, ungenza lezi zinto ukuze uqhubeke nohambo lwakho lokululama ekhaya:

• Lawula izimpawu zakho ngemithi kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinconywe udokotela wakho.
• Thatha yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela kanye nokwelashwa ngakunye ngesikhathi esifanele kuze kuqedwe.
• Phumula ngokwanele. Ungawusebenzisi umzimba wakho ngokweqile.
• Qhubeka nokuqapha izimpawu zakho. Uma uzizwa ungaphilile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, noma uma uba nezimpawu ezintsha, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuthi i-Covid pneumonia iya ngokuya iba ngcono?

Njengoba uqala ukululama kwi-COVID pneumonia, akufanele ube nobunzima bokuphefumula. Njengoba isimo sakho sithuthuka, odokotela bakho bazonciphisa inani lemishini oyisebenzisayo ukukusiza uphefumule kanye nenani lomoya-mpilo owunikezwayo.

Uma uzizwa sengathi ungenza eminye yemisebenzi yakho evamile ngemva kokufika ekhaya, lokho futhi kuyisibonakaliso esihle sokuthi uyalulama.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unezimpawu ze-COVID-19, njengokulahlekelwa ukunambitha noma iphunga, umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, hlolelwa i-COVID-19. Uma usengozini ye-COVID-19 embi kakhulu, noma uma unemibuzo mayelana nendlela yokuphatha izimpawu zakho, xhumana nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo?

Uma une-COVID-19 futhiUma uba nezimpawu ezintsha noma uma uphawu olukhona luba lubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, uzizwa udidekile, ubonakala ungasakwazi ukuhlala uphapheme, noma uma isikhumba sakho, izindebe, noma izinzipho zakho zibonakala ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha noma ushayele u-911.

Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezincane kakhulu ze-COVID-19. Kodwa abanye bangaba nezimo ezinzima njenge-COVID pneumonia. Kubalulekile ukunaka kakhulu izimpawu zakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 noma unezinye izimo ezingamahlalakhona ezingenza i-COVID-19 ibe nzima kakhulu.

Igciwane lingadala umonakalo omkhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, uma izimpawu zakho ziba zimbi kakhulu, ungalibali ukubona udokotela noma ukuya esibhedlela. Izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ubunzima bokuhlala uphapheme, ukudideka, kanye nesikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izindebe, nezinzipho azivamile. Zidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Okokugcina, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Covid pneumonia akuyona into yokudlala ngayo, bangani bami. Kuyinkinga enkulu ye-Covid-19.

• Qaphela izinto eziyingozi kanye nezimpawu ukuze ukwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.
• Ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Goma ngendlela efanele futhi uziphathe kahle.
• Uma izimpawu ziba zimbi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma unenkinga yokuphefumula, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasindisa impilo.

Masiqaphele sonke futhi sizame ukululama kulesi sifo ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma unezinkinga, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela.

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