Ingabe ingane yakho ithole ukuqubuka kwamaqhubu abomvu, abuhlungu ezintendeni zayo, ezinyaweni zayo, nangaphakathi emlonyeni wayo, kanye nomkhuhlane? Noma ingabe umphimbo wayo ubuhlungu futhi okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya? Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge-Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease (HFMD), esakazeka ezinganeni ezincane futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubantu abadala ezweni lakithi kulezi zinsuku. Igciwane eliyinhloko elibangela lokhu empeleni yi-Coxsackievirus. Ungakhathazeki, sizoxoxa ngakho konke ngamazwi alula namuhla.
Iyini ngempela i-Coxsackievirus?
Kalula nje, igciwane le-Coxsackie liyilungu lomndeni wamagciwane e -Enterovirus . Cabanga ngamagciwane njengomndeni omkhulu. Ama-Enterovirus ayiqembu elilodwa lalowo mndeni. I-Coxsackie nayo iyilungu lalelo qembu. Ulwazi lwezakhi zofuzo lwaleli gciwane lwakhiwe ngento ebizwa ngokuthi i-ribonucleic acid (RNA). Lithola igama lalo edolobheni laseCoxsackie, eNew York, lapho leli gciwane laqala ukutholakala khona.
Leli gciwane yilona elibangela izimo esizazi sonke njengesifo sezandla, unyawo, nomlomo (HFMD), umphimbo obuhlungu (Herpangina), izifo zemisipha, izifo zenhliziyo, kanye ne-meningitis ngezinye izikhathi.
Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi sifo?
Ukutheleleka ngegciwane le-Coxsackie kuvame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane nasezinsaneni . Kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi abantu abadala abakwazi ukukuthola. Noma ubani wanoma yimuphi ubudala angatheleleka ngaleli gciwane.
Kuthiwani uma kwenzeka kubantu abadala?
Uma abantu abadala bethelelekile ngaleli gciwane, ngezinye izikhathi bangaba nesifo sezandla, izinyawo, nomlomo, njengezingane. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala basengozini enkulu yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo kunezingane.
Kubantu abadala abaphilile, ingozi yezinkinga iphansi. Kodwa-ke, kubantu abanamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka , njengabantu asebekhulile, abantu abanezifo ezifana nomdlavuza, kanye nalabo imizimba yabo engakwazi ukulawula izifo zabo ngenxa yezinye izifo, lokhu kutheleleka kungaba kubi kakhulu. Uma umama okhulelwe ethelelekile ngaleli gciwane, nakuba kungavamile, kunengozi yokuzalwa eshonile. Futhi, ingane ingatheleleka ngaleli gciwane ngisho noma umama engenazo izimpawu phakathi nengxenye yokugcina yokukhulelwa.
Imiphumela ezinganeni nasezinganeni ezincane
Izinsana nezingane ezincane zisengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Ngokuvamile, izingane zithola umkhuhlane kuphela uma ziwuthola. Kuvame kakhulu ehlobo noma ekuqaleni kwekwindla.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukutheleleka kungasakazekela enhliziyweni, kubangele ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ngisho nokufa ngokuzumayo. Kodwa lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma ingane itheleleka ngaleli gciwane phakathi namasonto amabili okuqala okuzalwa, lingaba yingozi kakhulu futhi liholele ezimweni ezibulalayo njengokwehluleka kwesibindi nokopha kwangaphakathi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezibangelwa yigciwane leCoxsackie?
Uhlobo lwegciwane le-Coxsackie osuthelelekile luzothinta ubukhulu bezimpawu zakho. Leli gciwane lihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili: u-A no-B.
| Uhlobo lwegciwane | Izifo ezenzekayo | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|---|
| Uhlobo A | I-Herpangina Isifo sezandla, izinyawo nomlomo (HFMD) | Izilonda ezibuhlungu emphinjeni nasemlonyeni. Amabhamuza ezintendeni zezandla, ezinyaweni, nasemlonyeni. |
| Uhlobo B | Ukutheleleka Kwemisipha Imfiva | Ukuqina okungazelelwe kwemisipha esiswini nasesifubeni (ukuqaqamba). Ukuba khona komkhuhlane kuphela ngaphandle kwezinye izimpawu. |
| Kokubili u-A no-B | I-Meningitis I-Myopericarditis I-Encephalitis | Ukutheleleka kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo kanye nesembozo esizungeze inhliziyo. Ukuvuvukala/ukuvuvukala kobuchopho. |
Ziyini izimpawu? Zidluliselwa kanjani?
Ngokumangalisayo, ama-90% okutheleleka kweCoxsackie awabonisi zimpawu, noma umkhuhlane kuphela. Uma kuvela izimpawu, ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesifo esiyisisekelo.
- Isifo sezandla, izinyawo nomlomo (HFMD):Kuvela amabhamuza abuhlungu ngaphakathi emlonyeni, ezintendeni zezandla, nasematheni ezinyawo. Lesi simo siyaphola ngokwaso ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, izinkinga zingavela uma ingane ingakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza ngenxa yezilonda emlonyeni.
- I-Herpangina: Ibangela umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu.
- Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha: Ukuqunjelwa kwemisipha okubukhali nokubuhlungu okuhlala imizuzu eyi-15-30 kwenzeka phakathi kwezimbambo kanye nesisu esingaphezulu.
- I-Meningitis: Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuqina kwentamo, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuhlanza, kanye nobunzima bokubuka izibani ezikhanyayo.
- Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo: Ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesigqi senhliziyo kungase kwenzeke.
Ingabe lesi sifo siyathelelana?
Yebo, nakanjani. Igciwane le-Coxsackie liyisifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu.
Kungasakazeka ngamaconsi amathe angena emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula, ngokuthinta izinto ezifana namathoyizi noma izibambo zomnyango ezingcoliswe yigciwane bese zithinta impumulo noma umlomo wazo, noma ngendle equkethe leli gciwane (isibonelo, ukungagezi izandla zabo kahle ngemva kokushintsha inabukeni lomntwana).
Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwalokhu ukugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi . Kufanele ugeze izandla zakho ikakhulukazi ngemva kokushintsha inabukeni lomntwana, ngaphambi kokudla, nangemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izingane kanye nabantu abadala abanezimpawu bahlale ekhaya bangayi esikoleni noma basebenze okungenani izinsuku ezimbalwa kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zabo seziphelile.
Lesi sifo sihlala isikhathi esingakanani?
Izimpawu ziqala ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezi-3 nezi-6 ngemva kokuba igciwane lingene emzimbeni.
- Umkhuhlane: Ngokuvamile uhlala cishe izinsuku ezingu-2-3.
- Izilonda zomlomo: zingase zihlale isikhathi eside, cishe izinsuku eziyi-7.
- Amaqhubu ezandleni nasezinyaweni: Lawa ahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Avame ukunyamalala ngemva kwezinsuku ezingaba yi-10. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone isikhumba siphuma kulezo zindawo ngaphambi kokuba sinyamalale.
Uma umkhuhlane wengane yakho usuphelile ngokuphelele, ingabuyela esikoleni. Kodwa-ke, uma kunamaqhubu amaningi, kuzodingeka ilinde isikhashana ukuze yome.
Kulashwa kanjani? Kufanele ngibone nini udokotela?
Akukho ukwelashwa noma umuthi othize we-Coxsackievirus uqobo. Ukwelashwa kuyizimpawu kuphela. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nemithi yokunciphisa umkhuhlane (isib. i-paracetamol) ukunciphisa ubuhlungu kanye nomkhuhlane.
Ukwelashwa okufana ne-intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) kuyaphenywa kubantu abane-immune immune immune immune immune immune immune immune immune globulin, ikakhulukazi uma ukutheleleka sekusakazekele ebuchosheni noma enhliziyweni, kodwa akusetshenziswa kabanzi.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela ngokushesha
Nakuba lesi sifo ngokuvamile singesibi kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukuqina kwentamo noma ubuhlungu bentamo (kungaba uphawu lwe-meningitis).
- Ubuhlungu esifubeni noma ubunzima bokuphefumula (kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwenhliziyo).
- Umkhuhlane wengane uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angama-24.
- Ukungakwazi ukuphuza noma yiluphi uketshezi ngenxa yobuhlungu obuvela ezilondeni zomlomo kanye nokubonisa izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni (isib., ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, umlomo owomile).
- Ingane ilele kakhulu noma ayiphili.
- Ukuquleka (kuyahambisana).
Uma unezimpawu ezinzima njengalezi, kungcono ukukuyisa e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sezandla, izinyawo, nomlomo (HFMD), esibangelwa yi-Coxsackievirus, sivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane.
- Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisifo esithelelanayo kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imikhuba yokuhlanzeka, njengokugeza izandla njalo.
- Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu akusona isifo esingathi sína futhi kuzophela ngokwaso zingakapheli izinsuku ezingu-7-10.
- Njengoba kungekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwaleli gciwane, ukwelashwa kuhloselwe ukulawula umkhuhlane nobuhlungu.
- Uma ingane yakho inenkinga yokudla noma yokuphuza, yikhuthaze ukuba ikunike uketshezi olwengeziwe.
- Uma kuvela izimpawu ezinzima (ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, intamo eqinile, ubunzima bokuphefumula), bona udokotela ngokushesha.
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