Ingabe ingane yakho ayikwazi ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa? Noma ingabe ayinaki lutho? Noma mhlawumbe nawe unalezi zinkinga. Lesi simo sisibiza ngokuthi i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, noma njengoba sonke sazi, i-ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Omunye wemithi eyinhloko esetshenziswa kulokhu yi-Dexmethylphenidate. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe kafushane ngalo muthi, imiphumela yawo, imiphumela emibi, nezinto okufanele uziqaphele ngenkathi uwusebenzisa.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngalo muthi?
Kalula nje, i-Dexmethylphenidate iyisikhuthazi . Ezweni lakithi, ivame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo elithi `Focalin XR`. Uma uzwa igama elithi ``stimulant'', abanye abantu bangase bacabange ukuthi lizokwenza ingane ingaphumuli. Kodwa empeleni, kuphambene nalokho. Lo muthi wandisa kancane umsebenzi wamakhemikhali athile (ama-neurotransmitter) ebuchosheni alawula ukunaka nokuziphatha.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi kumuntu one-ADHD:
- Ukukwazi ukugxila entweni eyodwa .
- Ukuthola usizo lokulawula ukuziphatha ngokuphamazela.
- Ukukwazi ukuhlala ngokuthula nokwenza umsebenzi .
Lokho kusho ukuthi, lokho okwenziwa yilo muthi ukunikeza ubuchopho bakho noma bomntwana wakho "ukusunduza" kancane ukuze benze umsebenzi wabo kahle.
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha imithi
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunikeza udokotela wakho umlando wezokwelapha ogcwele wakho noma wengane yakho ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi. Lo muthi ungase ungafaneleki kwezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zezimo ezibalwe kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isifo noma isimo | Kungani kufanele unikeze ulwazi? |
|---|---|
| Isifo senhliziyo, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme | Ngoba lo muthi ungakhuphula kancane izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo kanye nomfutho wegazi. |
| Izinkinga zokujikeleza kwegazi eminweni nasezinzwaneni | Lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi ungenza izimo zibe zimbi kakhulu njengesifo sikaRaynaud. |
| Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokugula kwengqondo (isib. ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo) | Lo muthi ungashintsha izimpawu zezinye izifo zengqondo. |
| Imicabango yokuzibulala noma umlando womndeni wemicabango enjalo | Nakuba kungavamile kakhulu, lo muthi ungabangela ukushintsha kwemizwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi udokotela akuqaphele lokhu. |
| Umlando wokuluthwa izidakamizwa noma utshwala | Ngenxa yokuthi lesi sidakamizwa esivuselelayo, kunengozi yokusebenzisa kabi. |
| Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa | Kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngemiphumela engaba khona embungwini noma enganeni encelisayo. |
Uyisebenzisa kanjani kahle le mithi?
Leli yi-capsule ekhishwa isikhathi eside. Lokho kusho ukuthi lenzelwe ukukhulula umuthi usuku lonke. Ngakho-ke qaphela kakhulu ngalezi zinto uma ulisebenzisa.
- Gwinya i-capsule yonke: Gwinya i-capsule yonke ngengilazi yamanzi. Ungalokothi uyiphule, uyichoboze, noma uyihlafune i-capsule. Ukwenza kanjalo kungabangela ukuthi umthamo wonke ukhishwe usuku lonke ungene emzimbeni ngesikhathi esisodwa, okungaba yingozi.
- Uma kunzima ukugwinya: Uma ingane inenkinga yokugwinya, ungayivula ngokucophelela i-capsule bese ufafaza ama-sprinkles phezu kwesipuni se-applesauce epholile . Ungafaki lutho olushisayo phezulu. Bese, cela ingane igwinye i-applesauce ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokuhlafuna. Ngemva kokugwinya, phuzisa ingane amanzi. Ungagcini le ngxube; kufanele isetshenziswe ngokushesha.
- Yithathe ngesikhathi: Thatha umuthi njengoba uyalelwe udokotela wakho, cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo nsuku zonke.
- Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa: Uma ukhohlwa ukuthatha umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ongawutholanga bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungathathi imithamo emibili ngesikhathi esifanayo nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
Isexwayiso: Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe okungaphezu kwalokho okucabangayo, shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze. Lo muthi ungowokusetshenziswa kwakho kuphela. Ungalokothi wabelane ngalo muthi nabanye.
Ezinye izinto ezingase zihlangane nalo muthi
Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, noma izithasiselo ozithathayo. Eminye imithi ingathintana nalokhu futhi ibangele izimo eziyingozi.
| Ungayithathi nhlobo i-Dexmethylphenidate nalezi zinto. | |
|---|---|
| Imithi ye-MAOI yokucindezeleka (isib. iMarplan, iNardil, iParnate). I-Dexmethylphenidate akufanele iqalwe kuze kube okungenani amasonto amabili ngemva kokuyeka omunye wale mithi. | |
| Eminye imithi evuselelayo enikezwa i-ADHD, ukwehlisa isisindo, noma ukuqwasha. | |
| Lokhu kungase kuhlangane - yazisa udokotela wakho. | |
| Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi | I-caffeine (itiye, ikhofi, iziphuzo zamandla) |
| Imithi yokucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka | Izinto zokunciphisa igazi ezifana ne-Warfarin |
| Imithi yokulwa nesifo sokuwa njenge-phenobarbitone ne-phenytoin | Eminye imithi yokwelapha umkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba |
Izinto okufanele uzikhumbule lapho uthatha imithi
- Ukuhlola njalo:Udokotela kufanele akuhlole wena noma ingane yakho njalo. Uma kungumntwana, uzohlola ukuthi ubude nesisindo sakhe kuyakhula yini.
- Qaphela: Lo muthi ungathinta ukunaka kwakho. Ngakho-ke, gwema imisebenzi eyingozi njengokushayela noma ukusebenzisa imishini uze wazi kahle ukuthi ikuthinta kanjani.
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla: Kuvamile ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla lapho uqala ukuthatha umuthi. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile noma ukudla okulula. Uma lesi simo siqhubeka, tshela udokotela wakho.
- Ukulala: Ungawuphuzi lo muthi ebusuku kakhulu. Ungaphazamisa ukulala.
- Inothi elikhethekile kwabesilisa: Uma uzwa ukuvuvukala isikhathi eside noma ubuhlungu okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amane, kungaba yisimo esibi kakhulu. Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uvimbele ukulimala okungapheli.
- Izinguquko eminweni: Uma ubona izilonda ezingazelelwe, ukungazweli, ubuhlungu, noma ushintsho lombala wesikhumba (olukhanyayo, oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olubomvu) eminweni noma ezinzwaneni, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lokhu kungabangela imiphumela emibi. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo. Qaphela okulandelayo.
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho noma ku-ETU ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile, isiyezi, ubuhlungu besifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Izinguquko esimweni sengqondo nasekuziphatheni | Ukukhathazeka okukhulu, ukuphazamiseka, ukubona/ukuzwa izinto ezingekho (imibono engalungile), imicabango yokuzibulala. |
| Izimpawu Zokushaywa Yisifo Sohlangothi | Ukungazweli noma ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe ebusweni, engalweni noma emlenzeni, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, ukushintsha kombono. |
| Ngokuvamile akuyona into engathi sína, kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma iqhubeka. | |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubunzima bokulala |
| Isifiso sokudla | Ukwehlisa isisindo |
| Ukukhathazeka, ukungahlaliseki | Isicanucanu |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lomuthi kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela . Landela umthamo njengoba unqunywe udokotela.
- Lo muthi onikezwe wena kuphela. Ungawabelani nabanye nganoma yisiphi isizathu . Awusemthethweni futhi uyingozi.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi kakhulu (njengokushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo, ukushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwa) , funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha .
- Gcina imithi endaweni ephephile kude nezingane . Khumbula ukuthi le mithi ingasetshenziswa kabi.
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