Uma sikhuluma nodokotela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngezinye izikhathi sihlangana namagama esingakaze siwazwe, noma izimo zezokwelapha ezingavamile. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukwesaba nokukhathazeka okukhulu ngezikhathi ezinjalo. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesinye seziphambeko zokuzalwa ezingavamile kakhulu nezingathi sína. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Ectopia Cordis. Ungesabi uma uzwa lokhu. Masiqonde konke ngalokhu kalula, ngamunye ngamunye.
Iyini ngempela i-Ectopia Cordis?
Kalula nje, i-Ectopia Cordis yilapho umntwana ezalwa enenhliziyo yonke noma ingxenye yayo ingaphandle komzimba wakhe. Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Cabanga nje, lesi simo senzeka ezinganeni eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela kwezigidi ezizalwa emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu, izingane eziningi ezizalwa ne-Ectopia Cordis zifela esibelethweni noma zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu zizelwe. Kodwa-ke, kunohlangothi olunethemba kule ndaba. Amaqembu ezokwelapha anekhono odokotela, abahlengikazi, odokotela be-physiotherapists kanye nabanye ochwepheshe bakwazile ukugcina ezinye izingane ezizalwa nalesi simo ziphila amasonto, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho neminyaka.
Iyini imbangela yalokhu?
Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, ochwepheshe abakatholi isizathu esisodwa esiqinisekile salokhu, kodwa banemibono embalwa.
- Izinkinga zokukhula: Enye inkolelo-mbono iwukuthi njengoba umntwana ekhula esibelethweni , kwenzeka izinguquko zomzimba eziphazamisa ukukhula okuvamile komntwana. Isibonelo, amabhande e-fibrous akheka esikhwameni esigcwele uketshezi (i-amniotic sac) esizungeze umntwana, okungavimbela ukukhula komntwana.
- Inkinga yokukhula kwesifuba: Enye inkolelo-mbono ukuthi isifuba somntwana asikhuli kahle. Lokhu kuvimbela inhliziyo ukuthi iye endaweni yayo efanele ngaphakathi kwesifuba. Lokhu kungaholela ku-Ectopia Cordis kanye nezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo.
- Ukuhlangana nezinye izifo: I-Ectopia cordis ivame ukubonakala ihambisana nezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa ezenzeka phakathi nomzimba. Isibonelo, ihlotshaniswa nezinkinga eziku-sternum, pericardium, kanye nodonga lwesisu. Ingahlotshaniswa nezimo ze-chromosome ezifana ne-Trisomy 18 kanye ne-Turner syndrome.
- Izimbangela zofuzo : Inkolelo-mbono yakamuva ukuthi ezinye izingane ezincane azinalo i-gene ethile ebizwa ngokuthi ``(BMP2)''. Le gene ibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni okufanele kwenhliziyo kanye nengaphambili lesifuba. Ngakho-ke bakholelwa ukuthi ukuntuleka kwayo kungaba yimbangela.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabonakala?
Uphawu oluyinhloko nolusobala kakhulu lwe-Ectopia Cordis ukuthi inhliziyo ingaphandle komzimba. Kodwa-ke, laba bantwana bangase babe nezinye izinkinga zomugqa ophakathi emzimbeni (umugqa osuka ekhanda uye phansi).
| Ezinye izinkinga eziboniwe | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Uqhekeko lwekhanda | Ukuba noqhekeko noma ukuhlukana ngesimo sobuso. |
| Umlomo/ulimi oluqhekekile | Ukuba nesikhala emlonyeni noma emlonyeni ongaphezulu. |
| Amaphaphu angakakhuli ngokugcwele | Amaphaphu engane awakakhuli ngokwanele. |
| I-Scoliosis | Ukuba nokugoba noma i-scoliosis yomgogodla. |
| Umgodi oDongeni Olukhulu | Imbobo engavamile ku-diaphragm, umsipha ohlukanisa isifuba nesisu. |
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Ezimweni eziningi, uma ingane yakho ine-Ectopia Cordis, ingatholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound okuvamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ingatholakala kusenesikhathi se-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi wenze olunye umjikelezo wokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Imiphumela yalezi zivivinyo ibaluleke kakhulu kuwe ukuze unqume ukuthi yini ozoyenza ngokulandelayo.
Uma unquma ukuqhubeka nokukhulelwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzoqapha ukukhula komntwana wakho eduze kakhulu. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi i-MRI ( magnetic resonance imaging).Kuzosetshenziswa izivivinyo ze- )` kanye ne-`(Echocardiography)`. I-Echocardiography isivivinyo esikhethekile esisebenzisa amaza omsindo ukuthatha izithombe ezinemininingwane zenhliziyo.
Odokotela baphinde bahlukanise lesi simo ngokuya ngokuthi inhliziyo ikuphi.
| Indawo lapho inhliziyo ikhona khona | Incazelo | Inala |
|---|---|---|
| Isifuba | Eduze kwezimbambo kanye ne-sternum esifubeni, ngaphezu kwesisu. | Cishe u-64% |
| I-Thoracoabdominal | Engxenyeni engezansi yesifuba, ngasesiswini. | Cishe u-18% |
| Isisu | Endaweni yesisu. | Cishe u-15% |
| Umlomo wesibeletho | Ubunzima endaweni yentamo, ngasemgogodleni. | Cishe u-3% |
Ukuthola ukuxilongwa nge-Ectopia Cordis kuyinto ecindezelayo kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umndeni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uqinile engqondweni ngesikhathi esinjengalesi.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Uma ukhuluma ngezinketho zokwelapha , into yokuqala okufanele uyicabangele ukuphepha komntwana. Ngakho-ke, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokubeletha umntwana ngokuhlinzwa (C-section). Leyo yindlela engcono kakhulu yokukhipha umntwana ngaphandle kokulimaza inhliziyo ngaphandle.
Ngemva kokuzalwa, ingane yakho ingadinga usizo olwengeziwe lokuphefumula. Ukuze benze lokhu, odokotela bazofaka ipayipi lepulasitiki eliguquguqukayo epayipini lomoya lengane yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umoya uyageleza. Bangase futhi bafake uketshezi olukhethekile ngepayipi elimboza amaphaphu ukuze libasize bamunce umoya-mpilo kangcono.
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-Ectopia Cordis ukuvala ngokuhlinzwa imbobo esifubeni, ukufaka inhliziyo esifubeni, nokulungisa noma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga zenhliziyo. Lokhu kuhlinzwa akuvamile ukwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kwenziwa ngezigaba eziningana.
Inselele yokuqala nenkulu kakhulu ukufaka inhliziyo esifubeni esincane kunesivamile. Ngemva kokuba udokotela ekwenzile lokho, ubeka kabusha ithambo lesifuba (sternum). Ezimweni ezinjengalezi, ukufakelwa inhliziyo ngokuvamile akuyona inketho.
Kuyini "Ukunakekelwa Kwenduduzo"?
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa kuyingozi kakhulu futhi amathuba okuphumelela mancane kakhulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngenketho ebizwa ngokuthi "Ukunakekelwa Kwenduduzo."
Inhloso ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka umntwana abhekana nakho nokumvumela ukuba aphile impilo yakhe yonke ngenduduzo nokuthula. Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lokunakekelwa oluhlose ukunikeza induduzo kumntwana nomndeni ngalesi sikhathi esinzima, kunokubalapha nokubaphulukisa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Ectopia Cordis iyisifo sokuzalwa esingavamile kakhulu futhi esibi kakhulu lapho inhliziyo yomntwana itholakala ngaphandle komzimba.
- Nakuba imbangela eqondile yalokhu ingakatholakali, kukholelwa ukuthi izinkinga ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhula komntwana esibelethweni sikanina kanye nezici zofuzo zinegalelo kulokhu.
- Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokusebenzisa ama-ultrasound scans.
- Ngisho noma ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu okuqukethe izinyathelo eziningana kwenziwa njengokwelashwa, akuwona wonke umntwana ongase akwazi ukuhlinzwa.
- Ukuxilongwa okufana nalokhu kuyinselele enzima kakhulu umndeni okufanele ubhekane nayo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngazo zonke izinketho, okuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kanye "nokunakekelwa kwenduduzo," nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile bese wenza isinqumo esingcono kakhulu somntwana wakho nomndeni wakho.
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