Ukukhulelwa yisikhathi esihle nesinethemba empilweni kamama. Kodwa-ke, kuyinto evamile ukuba nokwesaba okuncane nokungabaza. Uma uya emtholampilo bese udokotela ethi okuthile okufana nokuthi, "Ukukhula komntwana kuhamba kancane," kunengqondo ukuzwa umthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni yakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namuhla sikhuluma ngento okudingeka uyiqaphele ngesikhathi esinjengalesi. Lokho kungumkhawulo wokukhula komntwana , noma i-FGR ngamafuphi.
Kalula nje, iyini i-FGR?
Kalula nje, ukuvinjelwa kokukhula kwengane (i-FGR) kwenzeka lapho ingane esibelethweni ingakhuli ngesivinini esijwayelekile esasilindeleke ngesonto elikulo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ingane incane kunalokho obekulindelwe. Lokhu kwakuthiwa futhi ukuvinjelwa kokukhula kwengane ngaphakathi kwesibeletho (i-IUGR) esikhathini esidlule. Manje usuyaqonda, akunjalo? Kufana nesitshalo esincane esingatholi umsoco ofanele namanzi, futhi ukukhula kwaso kuzophazamiseka.
Kodwa into ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapha ukuthi i-FGR encane ngokuvamile ayibangeli izinkinga zesikhathi eside. Iningi lezingane lifinyelela ubude nesisindo esifanayo nezinye izingane lapho lineminyaka emibili. Kodwa i-FGR enzima ingathinta ingane esesiswini kanye nangemva kokuzalwa. Uhlobo lwemiphumela luncike embangela ye-FGR, ubukhali bayo, nokuthi yaqala nini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Yiziphi izingozi ezingaba khona enganeni ngenxa ye-FGR?
Kunezimo ezithile ingane ene-FGR engase ibhekane nazo . Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi.
| Ingozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokuzalwa kwesisindo esiphansi | Ingane ingazalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37 futhi ingase yehle kakhulu isisindo. |
| Ubunzima bokubekezelela ubuhlungu bokubeletha | Ingane ingase ibe nobunzima bokubhekana nokucindezeleka kokubeletha okuvamile. |
| Amazinga e-oxygen anciphile | Inani lomoya-mpilo ofinyelela emzimbeni womntwana lingase linciphe. |
| Ushukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) | Ngemva nje kokuzalwa, izinga likashukela egazini lomntwana lingase lehle kakhulu ngendlela eyingozi. |
| Ukumelana okunciphile nezifo | Ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuzivikela komzimba, ungagula kalula. |
| Isilinganiso se-Apgar esiphansi | Isilinganiso se-Apgar, esilinganisa isimo sempilo yengane ngemva kokuzalwa, singase sibe siphansi. |
| Ukuphefumulela kweMeconium | Ingane ingaba nobunzima bokuphefumula uma ikhipha indle esibelethweni bese iyiphefumula. |
| Ubunzima bokulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba | Ingane ingase ingakwazi ukugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba elifanele. |
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-FGR ingaholela ngisho nasekuzalweni komntwana oshonile. Ingabangela nezinkinga zokukhula zesikhathi eside.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Izimbangela ze-FGR
Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingaba khona ze-FGR. Lezi zingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1. Izinkinga ze-Placenta
Lena yimbangela evame kakhulu. Uyazi ukuthi iyini i-placenta? Yizicubu ezixhumanisa umama nomntwana. Zithwala umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingwa ngumntwana futhi zisusa imfucuza yomntwana. Ngakho-ke uma i -placenta ingasebenzi kahle, umntwana ngeke akuthole akudingayo futhi ukukhula kwakhe kuzophazamiseka.
2. Izimo zempilo zikamama
Ngezinye izikhathi, inkinga yempilo kumama ingathinta ukukhula komntwana.
- Isifo sikashukela esingalawulwa (Isifo Sikashukela Esithuthukisiwe)
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo senhliziyo
- Izifo ezifana neRubella, iCytomegalovirus (CMV), iToxoplasmosis
- Isifo sezinso noma samaphaphu
- Ukungondleki kahle noma i-anemia (ukuntuleka kwegazi)
- Izifo zegazi ezifana ne-sickle cell anemia
- Ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala, noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa
3. Izizathu ezihlobene nosana
- Ingane inezinkinga ezithile ze-chromosome .
- Ukukhulelwa okuningi njengewele, amawele amathathu.
- Ihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angaphezu kuka-1,000 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Izingozi ezikhethekile zamawele
Amawele ngokuvamile mancane kancane kunezinye izingane, kodwa i-FGR ingenzeka cishe kuma-25% okukhulelwa kwamawele. Amawele abelana nge-placenta asengozini enkulu.
- Ukusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwezakhamzimba: Njengoba nje lapho izitshalo ezimbili zitshalwa ebhodweni elifanayo, esinye sithola izakhamzimba ezengeziwe kanti esinye siyabuna, umntwana oyedwa angathola igazi eliningi nezakhamzimba kanti omunye angase abe mncane kakhulu.
- I-Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho igazi ligeleza ngokungalingani lisuka enganeni eyodwa liye kwenye ngemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kuzo zombili izingane.
- Ukuvaleka kwentambo yesisu: Uma izingane ezimbili zihlanganyela isikhwama se-amniotic esifanayo, intambo yesisu ingavaleka futhi inqamule ukugeleza kwegazi.
Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-FGR?
I-FGR ayibonisi zimpawu njengoba ungase ulindele. Uphawu oluyinhloko ukuthi ingane incane kunalokho okufanele ibe yikho . Udokotela uzokuthola lokhu ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwakho kwezokwelapha.
- Ukuphakama Kwesifunda: Uma uya emtholampilo, udokotela uzolinganisa isisu sakho ngetheyiphu yokulinganisa, akunjalo? Ngemva kwamasonto angama-20, leso silinganiso (ngamasentimitha) kufanele silingane nenani lamasonto okukhulelwa kwakho. Uma leso silinganiso siphansi kunalokho obekulindelwe, kusolwa ukuthi i-FGR.
- Ukuskena nge-Ultrasound: Lokhu ukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuskena kulinganisa ubukhulu bekhanda nesisu somntwana, bese kuqhathanisa nobukhulu obujwayelekile bezingane zaleyo minyaka ukuze kulinganiswe isisindo. Kuphinde kuhlole inani loketshezi lwe-amniotic oluzungeze umntwana. Uketshezi oluphansi lungaba uphawu lwe-FGR.
- I-Doppler Flow Scan: Lolu uhlobo olukhethekile lwe-scan. Lulinganisa ijubane kanye nenani legazi eligeleza ngemithambo yegazi entanjeni yesisu kanye nobuchopho bomntwana. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi ingane ithola igazi elanele yini.
- Ezinye izivivinyo: Kwezinye izimo , i-Fetal Monitoring (CTG), ehlola iphethini yokushaya kwenhliziyo yenganeKungadingeka futhi ukuthi uhlolwe noma wenze i-amniocentesis (ukuhlolwa okuthatha inani elincane loketshezi esibelethweni) ukuze uhlole izifo noma ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-chromosome. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngokwemiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
Izinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi
Ngezinye izikhathi, i-FGR ingenzeka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umama uphilile kangakanani. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise le ngozi futhi wandise amathuba okuba nomntwana onempilo.
- Yiya emtholampilo ngesikhathi: Ungaphuthelwa yinoma yikuphi ukuqokwa emtholampilo. Yilapho-ke noma yiziphi izinkinga zingatholakala khona ngokushesha.
- Naka ukunyakaza kwengane yakho: Uma ingane yakho ingahambi njalo, noma uma iyeka ukunyakaza ngokuzumayo, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga. Uma ubona ushintsho ekunyakazeni kwengane yakho , shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Qaphela imithi oyithathayo: Uma uthatha imithi yesinye isimo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngayo. Eminye imithi ingathinta ukukhula komntwana wakho.
- Yidla ukudla okuhle nokunomsoco: Yidla kahle. Ukudla okunomsoco kusiza ingane yakho ikhule kahle.
- Phumula ngokwanele: Ukuphumula kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakumntanakho. Zama ukulala okungenani amahora angu-8 ebusuku. Kungcono nakakhulu uma ungathatha ihora elilodwa noma amabili emini.
- Lahla ngokuphelele imikhuba eyingozi: Uma ubhema, usebenzisa utshwala noma izidakamizwa, yeka ukwenza lezo zinto ngokuphelele ngenxa yempilo enempilo yengane yakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umkhawulo Wokukhula Kwengane Esanda Kuzalwa (i-FGR) yisimo lapho ingane ikhula kancane kunalokho obekulindelwe esibelethweni. Imbangela eyinhloko yalokhu izinkinga ngokusebenza kwe-placenta.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya emitholampilo yakho yangaphambi kokubeletha ngesikhathi ukuze uthole lesi simo kusenesikhathi.
- Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, uphumule ngokwanele, futhi ugweme ngokuphelele imikhuba engemihle njengokubhema notshwala.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba ngokukhula kwengane yakho noma yini enye, ungesabi, kodwa khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho obala.
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