Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukwesaba okukhulu nokukhathazeka uma uzwa ngesimo senhliziyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungenxa yakho noma ingane yakho. Ikakhulukazi uma uzwa igama elifana ne-Eisenmenger Syndrome, ungase uzibuze, "Kuyini lokhu?" Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Sizokhuluma ngalesi simo, izimpawu zaso, kanye nokwelashwa kwaso ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.
Lesi simo sivela kanjani?
Kalula nje, i-Eisenmenger syndrome iwumphumela wesikhathi eside wokukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwe nakho . Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke ukuthi inhliziyo yethu isebenza kanjani.
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yethu njengephampu encane kodwa enamandla kakhulu enamakamelo amane. Kunezingxenye ezine: amakamelo amabili aphezulu (i-atria) kanye namakamelo amabili aphansi (ama-ventricle). Ngokuvamile, nansi indlela esebenza ngayo:
1. Igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo, elihamba kuwo wonke umzimba, lingena ekamelweni eliphezulu ohlangothini lwesokudla.
2. Ukusuka lapho, igazi liya ekamelweni elingezansi ohlangothini lwesokudla bese liphonswa emaphashini.
3. Emaphashini, leli gazi ligcwele umoya-mpilo kahle.
4. Leli gazi elihlanzekile, elinomoya-mpilo libuyela ekamelweni eliphezulu ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo.
5. Ukusuka lapho, iya ekamelweni elingezansi ngakwesobunxele bese upompa umzimba wakho wonke.
Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo abazalwa nazo, kungase kube nomgodi omncane phakathi kwala makamelo enhliziyo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamakamelo amabili aphansi (ama-ventricle) . Yilokhu okwenzekayo:
- Elinye igazi elihlanzekile eligcwele umoya-mpilo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lidlula kulowo mgodi liye ohlangothini lwesokudla bese libuyela emaphashini.
- Uma lokhu kugeleza kwegazi okungadingekile kuqhubeka kuya emaphashini, umfutho wegazi emaphashini uba phezulu kakhulu . Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu".
- Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yalokhu kucindezela okuphezulu emaphashini, ukugeleza kwegazi kuyashintsha. Okusho ukuthi, igazi elingcolile elingangeni umoya-mpilo ohlangothini lwesokudla ligeleza ngaleyo mbobo liye ohlangothini lwesobunxele bese liqala ukujikeleza emzimbeni wonke.
Lokhu kuyimbangela ye-Eisenmenger syndrome. Okusho ukuthi, umzimba awutholi inani elidingekayo lomoya-mpilo. Lesi simo senzeka uma inkinga yenhliziyo ekhona ekuzalweni ingatholakali futhi yelashwe kusenesikhathi.
Yiziphi izimpawu eziyinhloko zalokhu?
Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zimpawu ziqala ukuvela ngaphambi kokuba umuntu aqale ukuthomba. Ngezinye izikhathi, zingabonakala ngisho nasebuntwaneni. Nazi ezinye zezimpawu ezibonakala kalula.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis) | Izindebe, izinzipho, kanye nesikhumba kubonakala kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/kunsomi ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo emzimbeni. |
| Ukudlala ekilabhini | Izihloko zeminwe nezinzwane zibonakala ziyindilinga kanti izinzipho zibonakala zivuvukele. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele, ikakhulukazi uma uzama kancane. |
| Ukuvuvukala komzimba (i-Edema) | Ukuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana nemilenze, amaqakala kanye nesisu. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile | Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho akuvamile. |
| Isiyezi kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu | Isimo esingabangelwa ukuntuleka komoya-mpilo. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo singathinta ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi emzimbeni, ukujiya kwegazi, noma ukopha ngokweqile.
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma ingane yakho inalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho uzoqala akuthumele kudokotela wezifo zenhliziyo wezingane. Angase enze izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa isimo.
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Into yokuqala okufanele uyibheke umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wesikhumba, izinguquko eminweni, kanye nokulalela inhliziyo.
- Ukuhlolwa okukhethekile: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okunembile.
| Ukuhlolwa | Ubonani kulokhu? |
|---|---|
| Ukuskena kwe-Echo (i-Echocardiogram) | Lokhu ukuskena kwenhliziyo. Kungabona ngokucacile isakhiwo senhliziyo, ukuthi kukhona yini imigodi phakathi kwamakamelo, nokuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani. |
| I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Lokhu kusiza ukuqapha ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo, okungukuthi, isigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo. |
| Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi | Inani lamaseli abomvu egazi emzimbeni (elingakhuphuka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo) kanye nezinye izinto ziyabhekwa. |
| Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo | Lokhu ukuhlolwa okukhethekile. Ithubhu elincane (i-catheter) lidluliselwa ngemithambo yegazi liye enhliziyweni, okuvumela ukuthi ingcindezi ngaphakathi kwamakamelo enhliziyo kanye nemithambo yegazi eholela emaphashini ilinganiswe ngqo. |
Iphathwa kanjani?
Uma i-Eisenmenger syndrome isiqalile, imbobo enhliziyweni eyibangele ayikwazi ukuvalwa ngokuhlinzwa ngoba ingcindezi emaphashini isivele ikhuphuke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukulawula izimpawu nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila.
Uhlelo lokwelashwa lungafaka:
- Izinhlobo zemithi:
- Imithi evula imithambo yegazi emaphashini futhi yehlise umfutho wegazi.
- Umuthi wokugcina isigqi esifanele sokushaya kwenhliziyo.
- Imithi evimbela ukujiya kwegazi (imithi yokunciphisa igazi).
- Vimbela izifo (ama-antibiotic).
- Ngezinye izikhathi amaphilisi aqukethe insimbi.
- Ukususwa kwegazi: Uma inani lamaseli akho abomvu egazini liphezulu kakhulu futhi igazi lakho lijiyile, ngezinye izikhathi kungadingeka ukuthi kususwe igazi elithile emzimbeni wakho (phlebotomy).
- Ukufakelwa inhliziyo namaphaphu:Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, lapho kokubili inhliziyo namaphaphu sekuye kwahluleka. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi okukhulu.
Ungaphila kanjani nalesi simo?
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi lesi yisimo esihlala isikhathi eside, kodwa ngokuphathwa kahle nangokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo eseduze nejwayelekile.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxhumana njalo nodokotela wakho nokulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.
Eminye imikhuba ebalulekile okufanele uyifake empilweni yakho:
- Gwema ukuya ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu bese uphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Akukhuthazwa ukuzivocavoca okunzima kanye nemidlalo, kodwa buza udokotela wakho ukuthi hlobo luni lokuzivocavoca ongalwenza.
- Yidla ukudla okunosawoti omncane . Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Ungathathi imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, ngisho naleyo oyithathayo ngenxa yekhanda elibuhlungu, ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho kuqala.
- Thola imijovo yakho ngesikhathi. Hlanza ngisho namanxeba amancane kahle ukuze uzivikele ekuthelelekeni.
- Ungasebenzisi ama-hot tub noma ama-sauna. Kungabangela ukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi.
- Uma ubhekene nokuhlinzwa okunye noma into efana nokukhishwa kwamazinyo, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza udokotela wakho wenhliziyo uma udinga ukuthatha ama-antibiotic kusengaphambili.
Ukwaziswa okukhethekile ngokukhulelwa
Uma ungowesifazane onalesi simo, ukukhulelwa kuyingozi kakhulu empilweni yakho kanye neyomntwana wakho . Ngenxa yokuthi ukukhulelwa kubeka ukucindezeleka okukhulu enhliziyweni, odokotela abavame ukukuncoma. Kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Ukuphila nalesi simo kungaba yinselele ngokomzwelo. Buza udokotela wakho ngezinsizakalo zokwelulekwa noma amaqembu okusekela angakusiza wena nomndeni wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Eisenmenger syndrome yisimo esibi esibangelwa ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo okuzalwe nakho, kodwa singaphathwa kahle.
- Lesi simo singavinjelwa ngokuhlonza nokwelapha inkinga yenhliziyo eyisisekelo esemncane.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa olunikezwa udokotela wakho ngqo. Ungaqala noma uyeke noma yimuphi umuthi ngokwakho.
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila (ukudla okungenasawoti omningi, ukuyeka ukubhema, ukuvivinya umzimba okufanele) ziwusizo kakhulu ekulawuleni izimpawu.
- Ukukhulelwa kuyingozi kakhulu kowesifazane onalesi simo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhuluma ngakho ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho.
- Awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Ungesabi ukucela usizo kodokotela, emndenini, futhi, uma kudingeka, kumeluleki.
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