Ngezinye izikhathi, asikwazi ukukhohlwa izinto ezithile ezenzekile ezimpilweni zethu, okungukuthi, okuhlangenwe nakho okuye kwaba buhlungu kakhulu kithi, akunjalo? Uma lezo zinkumbulo zibuya kithi ngokuphindaphindiwe, asikwazi ngisho nokwenza imisebenzi yethu yansuku zonke ngendlela efanele ngenxa yokungakhululeki, ukwesaba, nentukuthelo esizizwayo. Uma ubhekene nesimo esifanayo, namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela yokwelapha ekhethekile engasiza. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kwe-EMDR.
Iyini ngempela i-EMDR?
Kalula nje, i-EMDR iyindlela yokwelapha ekhethekile esetshenziselwa izinkinga zempilo yengqondo. Igama eliphelele lalokhu yi -Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) . NgesiSinhala, lisho "ukwelapha ngokususa ukunyakaza kwamehlo kanye nokulungisa kabusha". Kodwa njengoba lawo magama eyinkimbinkimbi kancane, sizomane siyibize ngokuthi i-EMDR.
Lokhu kwelashwa kuhilela ukuhambisa amehlo akho ngendlela ethile ngenkathi ucabanga ngezinkumbulo zakho ezibuhlungu. Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukukusiza ukuthi ululame ekuhluphekeni noma kwezinye izinto ezibuhlungu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, i-EMDR iyindlela entsha kakhulu. Ucwaningo lokuqala ngayo lwenziwa ngo-1989. Izivivinyo zemitholampilo ezenziwe kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ziye zafakazela ukuthi le ndlela iyasebenza kakhulu futhi ikhiqiza imiphumela ngokushesha kunezinye izindlela.
Kungani lokhu kwelashwa kubaluleke kangaka?
Okuhlukile ngokwelashwa kwe-EMDR ukuthi akudingi ukuthi uqhubeke ukhuluma ngesehlakalo esibuhlungu ngokuningiliziwe. Kunalokho, kugxile ekushintsheni imizwa, imicabango, kanye nokuziphatha okubangelwe yilokho okubuhlungu.
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sixoxe kancane ngobuchopho bethu nengqondo yethu. Nakuba sisebenzisa la magama amabili ukusho into efanayo, empeleni ayizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Ubuchopho bakho buyisitho emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ingqondo yakho iyingqikithi yemicabango yakho, izinkumbulo, izinkolelo, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okukwenza ube "wena."
Indlela ingqondo yakho esebenza ngayo incike esakhiweni sobuchopho bakho. Lesi sakhiwo sihlanganisa amanethiwekhi amangqamuzana obuchopho ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zobuchopho. Lolu hlelo lwenethiwekhi lubaluleke kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezihlotshaniswa nezinkumbulo zakho nezinzwa. Kungenxa yalezi nethiwekhi ukuthi izinzwa zethu ezifana nokubona, ukuzwa, ukuhogela, ukunambitha kanye nokuthinta zingavusa ngokushesha izinkumbulo zethu ezindala.
Kalula nje, isenzakalo esibuhlungu sifana nesilonda esingapholi engqondweni yethu. Ukwelashwa nge-EMDR kusebenza ukwelapha lelo nxeba nokusiza ingqondo ukuthi iqale inqubo yayo yokuphulukiswa yemvelo futhi.
Indlela Izinkumbulo Ezigcinwa Ngayo Futhi "Zibangela"
Ukwelashwa kwe-EMDR kusekelwe ku- Adaptive Information Processing (AIP).Ngokusho kwemodeli, lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ubuchopho bethu bugcina izinkumbulo ezivamile kanye nezinkumbulo ezibuhlungu ngezindlela ezimbili.
Esimweni esivamile, ubuchopho bugcina izinkumbulo ngendlela ehlelekile futhi buzixhumanise nezinye izinkumbulo. Kodwa esimeni esibuhlungu nesicindezelayo, lokhu kuxhumana akwenzeki kahle. Ubuchopho "bungasebenzi," njengokungathi bukhona, futhi kukhona ukungezwani phakathi kwalokho obhekana nakho (lokho okubonayo, okuzwayo, nokukuzwayo) nalokho ubuchopho obukugcina njengenkumbulo.
Lezi zinkumbulo ezigcinwe kabi yizo ezibangela izinkinga kamuva. Uma sihlangana nokubona, umsindo, noma iphunga elihlobene nesenzakalo (lokho esikubiza ngokuthi "izisusa" ), inkumbulo egcinwe kabi iyavuselelwa ngokushesha. Lokhu akufani nenkumbulo evamile, kodwa kungabangela ukwesaba okukhulu, ukukhathazeka, intukuthelo, noma ukwethuka.
Isibonelo, cabanga "ngezikhathi zokubuyela emuva" umuntu onesifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kokucindezeleka (PTSD) abhekana nazo. Okwenzekayo ukuthi isenzakalo esibuhlungu sizwakala sengathi siyaphinda sibuye. Isikhathi esidlule siba yisikhathi samanje. Ukwelashwa kwe-EMDR kusebenza "ngokucubungula kabusha" lezi zinkumbulo "nokwelapha" inxeba lengqondo. Lapho isenzakalo sikhunjulwa, asizizwa sengathi siyaphinda sibuye ngempela, futhi imizwa ehambisana naso iyalawulwa.
Yiziphi izimo ezisiza ngazo ukwelashwa nge-EMDR?
Nakuba ukwelashwa nge-EMDR kuvame ukusetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-PTSD, kunganikeza impumuzo kwezinye izifo zengqondo eziningana.
| Isigaba sesifo | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Izinkinga zokukhathazeka | Isifo sokukhathazeka esijwayelekile, i-Panic disorder, i-Phobias (ukwesaba okungenangqondo), ukukhathazeka komphakathi |
| Izinkinga zokucindezeleka | Isifo sokucindezeleka okukhulu, ukucindezeleka kwesikhathi eside |
| Izinkinga zokuhlukumezeka | Isifo sokucindezeleka ngemva kwenhlekelele (PTSD), isifo sokucindezeleka esibuhlungu |
| Izinkinga Zokukhathazeka Okukhulu Neziphoqelelayo | Isifo sokuzikhukhumeza ngokweqile (OCD), Isifo sokuphazamiseka komzimba |
| Izinkinga zokudla | I-Anorexia nervosa, i-Bulimia nervosa |
Indlela inqubo yokwelapha i-EMDR esebenza ngayo
Ukwelashwa kwe-EMDR kunezigaba eziyinhloko ezingu-8. Lezi zigaba zenzeka ngezikhathi eziningana. Isenzakalo esisodwa esibuhlungu ngokuvamile singadinga izikhathi ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-6. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukumezeka okuyinkimbinkimbi noma kwesikhathi eside kungadinga izikhathi ezingu-8-12 noma ngaphezulu. Isikhathi ngasinye singaba cishe ihora noma ihora nesigamu ubude.
Ziyini izigaba ezingu-8?
1. Ukuqoqwa Komlando Wesiguli Nolwazi: Lapha, udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzoqoqa ulwazi ngawe kanye nesikhathi sakho esidlule. Lokhu kuzobasiza ukuthi banqume ukuthi i-EMDR ikulungele yini.
2. Ukulungiselela kanye nemfundo: Uzochazelwa ukuthi ukwelashwa kuzosebenza kanjani, okulindeleke kuwe, futhi unikezwe amathuluzi okuphatha imizwa yakho phakathi nemihlangano.
3. Ukuhlola: Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlonza izinkumbulo ezithile kanye nezinkolelo ezimbi ezihlobene nazo okudingeka uziphathe.
4. Ukuqeda ukusabela komzimba kanye nokucubungula kabusha: Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelashwa. Lapha, ucelwa ukuba ubone ngeso lengqondo inkumbulo engemihle bese uhambisa amehlo akho kusukela kolunye uhlangothi kuya kolunye (noma usebenzise esinye isikhuthazo, njengomsindo noma ukuthinta), ngaphansi kwesiqondiso somelaphi.
5. Ukufakwa: Yilapho uzama khona ukufaka inkolelo enhle engqondweni yakho esikhundleni senkolelo embi.
6. Ukuskena umzimba: Naka imizwa oyizwayo emzimbeni wakho (isib. ukuqina kwesifuba sakho, ukujikijelana kwesisu) uma ucabanga ngenkumbulo engemihle. Njengoba ukwelashwa kuphumelele, lezi zimpawu zomzimba ziyancipha kancane kancane.
7. Ukuvala nokuzinza: Ekupheleni kweseshini ngayinye, ulethwa esimweni esizolile nesiphephile. Kunikezwa iseluleko sendlela yokubhekana nemicabango engase ivele phakathi neseshini.
8. Ukuhlolwa kabusha kanye nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo: Sizobuyekeza inqubekela phambili yakho iyonke bese sinquma ukuthi kudingeka yini ezinye izikhathi zokwelashwa, uma kudingeka.
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kokwelashwa kwe-EMDR
| Izinzuzo | Ukungalungi |
|---|---|
| Kusebenza kahle kakhulu: Lokhu kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kuyasebenza ezifundweni eziningi. | Ukusetshenziswa okulinganiselwe: Lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezinkingeni zengqondo ezihlobene nokuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu. |
| Imiphumela esheshayo: Imiphumela ingabonakala ngokushesha kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha. | Isisekelo semfundiso: Indlela lokhu okusebenza ngayo isaseyimfundiso ngokuphelele. |
| "Umsebenzi wasekhaya omncane": Kuncane ukubhala idayari njengakwezinye izindlela zokwelapha. | Ukuba yindlela entsha: Njengoba lena kuyindlela entsha, kudingeka ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngemiphumela yesikhathi eside. |
| Ukucindezeleka okuncane: Asikho isidingo sokukhumbula izehlakalo ezibuhlungu. |
Yini okufanele uyenze uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo?
Uma unemicabango yokuzilimaza noma yokuzibulala, noma yokulimaza abanye, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha . Ungakwazi:
- Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (i-ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Shayela ku -1926 , ucingo lukazwelonke losizo lwezempilo yengqondo eSri Lanka.
- Shayela i-Sumithrayo Institute ku- 011 2692909 noma ku-011 2682535 ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Ungesabi ngisho nomcabango omncane kanje. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukucela usizo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-EMDR iyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke yokwelapha izimo ezifana ne-PTSD, ukukhathazeka, nokucindezeleka okubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka.
- Lokhu kwelashwa akususi izinkumbulo ezibuhlungu, kodwa kushintsha indlela lezo zinkumbulo ezigcinwa ngayo ebuchosheni futhi kufundisa ingqondo ukulawula imizwa emibi ehambisana nazo.
- Lokhu kunikeza imiphumela esheshayo kunezinye izindlela zokwelapha, futhi inzuzo ethile ukuthi asikho isidingo sokukhuluma njalo ngezenzakalo ezibuhlungu.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-EMDR kufanele kutholakale kuphela kudokotela noma kuchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshiwe noqeqeshiwe.
- Uma uhlushwa yilolu hlobo lokucindezeleka, ungabi namahloni noma wesabe ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ubuze ukuthi ukwelashwa nge-EMDR kulungile yini kuwe. Ukuthola usizo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokululama.
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