Ingabe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi une-HIV noma usengozini yokuyithola? Noma unesithakazelo ku-PrEP, ukwelashwa okusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokuthola i-HIV? Uma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi unikezwe iphilisi eliyinhlanganisela yemithi emibili: i-Emtricitabine ne-Tenofovir Alafenamide. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalo muthi obalulekile ngendlela elula kakhulu neqondakalayo.
Kwenzekani ngempela ngalo muthi?
Kalula nje, lo umuthi osetshenziselwa izinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Ukulawula ukutheleleka nge-HIV: Uma usuvele uthelelekile nge-HIV, lo muthi usiza ukulawula izimpawu.
2. Nge-PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis): Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha yokuvimbela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu osengozini yokutheleleka nge-HIV angasebenzisa lo muthi ukuze azivikele ekutholeni i-HIV ngocansi.
Lo muthi uqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi evela eqenjini elibizwa ngokuthi "ama-antiretroviral." Lezi zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukusabalala kwegciwane lesandulela ngculazi emzimbeni.
Kodwa khumbula lokhu: Lokhu akulona ikhambi le-HIV noma i-AIDS. Futhi, noma uthatha lo muthi, usengadlulisela igciwane le-HIV kwabanye. Yingakho kubalulekile ukulandela izindlela eziphephile. Lo muthi awuvimbeli nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (ama-STI).
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi
Ukuze uphephe, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezilandelayo ngaphambi kokuqala lo muthi.
- Uma unesifo sezinso .
- Uma unesifo sesibindi .
- Uma une -allergy ku-Emtricitabine, i-Tenofovir, noma yimuphi omunye umuthi, ukudla, umbala, noma isilondolozi.
- Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa maduze .
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo .
Lolu lwazi luzosiza udokotela wakho ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho ngendlela efanele.
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi?
Lo muthi uyiphilisi lokuphuza ngomlomo. Ungawuthatha nokudla noma ngaphandle kokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma uzwa ubuhlungu esiswini, kungcono ukuwuthatha nokudla.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuze uthole okuningi kulokhu kwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukuthatha njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekuyalele, ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi ngaphandle kokweqa umthamo owodwa. Uma weqa umthamo, igciwane le-HIV lingaba sengozini yokumelana nalo muthi neminye imithi (okusho ukuthi umuthi ngeke usebenze kahle). Ngakho-ke, qhubeka nokuthatha lo muthi kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uyeke .
Kuthiwani uma ngengozi ngithatha umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uphuze umuthi omningi ngephutha, ungalibali. Shayela ngokushesha iNational Poisons Information Centre eColombo National Hospital . Noma uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela esiseduze.
Qaphela: Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungabelani ngomuthi wakho nabanye nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uphuthelwa umthamo wemithi?
Uma uphuthelwa umthamo, thatha ngokushesha nje lapho ukhumbula. Kodwa-ke, uma sekuyisikhathi somthamo wakho olandelayo, yeqa umthamo ophuthelwe bese uthatha umthamo wakho olandelayo ngesikhathi esihleliwe. Ungalokothi uthathe umthamo ophindwe kabili.
Yimiphi eminye imithi engasebenzisana nalo muthi?
Eminye imithi ingasebenzisana nalo muthi. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo. Bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Isigaba sezidakamizwa | Incazelo nezibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ungathathi nalezi nhlobo | |
| I-Adefovir | Lona umuthi onikezwa ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. |
| Eminye imithi equkethe i-Emtricitabine noma i-Tenofovir | Njengoba usuvele uthatha lo muthi, ukuthatha eminye imithi equkethe isithako esifanayo kungandisa umthamo wakho. |
| Eminye imithi equkethe i-Lamivudine | Lona futhi omunye umuthi onikezwa i-HIV kanye ne-Hepatitis B. |
| Eminye imithi engabangela izinkinga (yazisa udokotela) | |
| Amanye ama-antibiotic | Isib: Rifabutin, Rifampin, Rifapentine |
| Imithi yokuquleka | Isibonelo: i-Carbamazepine, i-Phenobarbital, i-Phenytoin |
| Imithi yokwelapha ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane | Isibonelo: i-Acyclovir, i-Valacyclovir, i-Ganciclovir |
| Ama-Painkiller (ama-NSAID) | Imithi efana ne-Ibuprofen ne-Diclofenac. |
| I-St. John's Wort | Lesi isithasiselo semithi. |
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Ngakho-ke, tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi, imikhiqizo yamakhambi, namavithamini owathathayo. Futhi, tshela udokotela wakho uma ubhema noma uphuza utshwala.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha: Hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho njalo. Yiya emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe. Uma uthola izimpawu ezintsha, khuluma ngazo. Ngesikhathi uthatha lo muthi, kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlolwe igazi ukuze uhlole izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezinso zakho nesibindi.
- Qaphela i-Hepatitis B: Uma nawe une-Hepatitis B, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuyeka lo muthi, njengoba ukuyeka lo muthi kungabhebhethekisa izimpawu ze-Hepatitis B ngokuzumayo.
- Ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-HIV: I-HIV idluliselwa ngocansi noma ngegazi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngezindlela eziphephile zokuvimbela ukusabalalisa igciwane kwabanye.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engingayithola?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Eminye yayo iyingozi, eminye ivamile.
| Umphumela ongemuhle | Izimpawu |
|---|---|
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, ulimi noma umphimbo. |
| Amazinga e-lactic acid akhuphukile | Ubuhlungu noma ukuqina kwemisipha, ubuhlungu besisu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukukhathala okukhulu. |
| Ukulimala kwezinso | Ukwehla kokukhishwa komchamo, ukuvuvukala kwamaqakala, izandla, noma izinyawo. |
| Ukulimala kwesibindi | Ubuhlungu ohlangothini olungaphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu, ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, isicanucanu, indle enombala okhanyayo, umchamo ophuzi noma onsundu omnyama, ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo, ubuthakathaka obungavamile. |
| Ukutheleleka | Umkhuhlane, ukubanda, ukukhwehlela, noma umphimbo obuhlungu. |
| Imiphumela emibi evame ukungadingi ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha (kodwa tshela udokotela wakho uma iqhubeka noma ikhathaza) | |
| Uhudo | Ukuvuvukala kwesisu |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ikhanda elibuhlungu |
| Isicanucanu | Ukuzizwa sengathi uhlanza |
Kufanele uwugcine kanjani umuthi wakho?
- Gcina kude nezingane.
- Gcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi (phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angama-20 kuya kwangu-25).
- Lahla umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi.
Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi lube usizo kuwe. Khumbula, uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalo muthi, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lo muthi uyinhlanganisela yemithi emibili esetshenziselwa ukulawula ukutheleleka nge-HIV nokuvimbela ukuthi ingadluli (i-PrEP).
- Nakuba lokhu kungeyona ikhambi eliphelele le-HIV, kusabalulekile kakhulu ukulandela imikhuba ephephile.
- Ungalokothi weqe umthamo wemithi. Kungabangela ukuthi igciwane lingakwazi ukumelana nemithi.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi, amavithamini, kanye nemikhiqizo yamakhambi oyithathayo.
- Funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi efana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba.
- Lo muthi unikezwe wena kuphela. Ungawunikeli nabanye.
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