Ingabe ingane yakho encane ivame ukuba nomkhuhlane nokukhwehlela? Sonke siyazi ukuthi lezi yizinto ezivamile ezinganeni ezincane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngemuva kwesifo esivamile kangaka, kungase kube negciwane okufanele sikhathazeke ngalo kancane. I-Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) ingenye yalezi gciwane. Ungakhathazeki, lokhu ngokuvamile akuyona into embi kakhulu. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wena nomndeni wakho niqaphele lokhu.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68)?
Leli yigciwane. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, lithinta uhlelo lwethu lokuphefumula, okungukuthi, uhlelo oluhilelekile ekuphefumuleni. Lithinta kakhulu izingane kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha. Kodwa-ke, lingathinta nabantu abadala.
Esikhathini esiningi, uma leli gciwane litheleleka, libangela izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ovamile. Lokho kusho umkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kanye nekhala eligobhozayo. Ngakho-ke singase singakuthathi ngokungathi sína.
Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, kungabangela ukucindezeleka okukhulu kokuphefumula. Okungavamile kakhulu, igciwane lingabangela isimo sezinzwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) . Lokhu kuwubuthakathaka obungazelelwe, obukhulu bemisipha yomzimba, okuholela ekukhubazekeni. Nakuba lesi simo esibi singavamile, kubalulekile ukuqaphela.
Ziyini lezi zimpawu? Sizinakekela kanjani?
Ake sibheke izimpawu zaleli gciwane. Kulula ukuliqonda uma ulihlukanisa libe izingxenye ezimbili. Esinye yizimpawu eziyisisekelo ezivame ukubonakala, kanti esinye yizimpawu ezinzima okufanele sikhathazeke kakhulu ngazo.
| Uhlobo lwesibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu eziyisisekelo ezivame ukubonakala | |
| Izici zesistimu yokuphefumula | Ukuminyana kwamakhala noma ikhala eligobhozayo, ukukhwehlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukuphefumula kanzima, nobunzima bokuphefumula. |
| Ezinye izici ezivamile | Umkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba noma ubuhlungu bemisipha, kanti abanye abantu bangase babe nesifo sohudo. |
| Izimpawu ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo (ezihlobene nesimo se-AFM) | |
| Ubuthakathaka bemisipha | Ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe bemisipha engalweni, emlenzeni, noma ebusweni. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya | Ukungakhulumi kahle ngesikhathi sokukhuluma, ubunzima bokugwinya (dysphagia). |
| Izinguquko zobuso | Amajwabu amehlo athambile, ubunzima bokunyakaza kwamehlo, ukukhubazeka kobuso. |
| Ubuhlungu | Ubuhlungu emhlane, entanyeni, ezingalweni, noma emilenzeni. |
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu ezinzima zivame ukuqala ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini amabili ngemuva kokuqala kwezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke uma ingane inomkhuhlane futhi ngokuzumayo ibona ubuthakathaka ezithweni zayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ungawushayi indiva.
Leli gciwane lisakazeka kanjani lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye?
Yebo, lesi yisifo esithathelwanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi singasakazeka kalula sisuka komunye umuntu siye komunye. Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko esingasakazeka ngazo:
- Ngokuthimula noma ukukhwehlela: Ngamaconsi amathe angena emoyeni lapho umuntu onegciwane ekhwehlela noma ethimula.
- Ngokuthinta izindawo ezinegciwane: Ukuthinta izinto ezifana namathoyizi, izibambo zeminyango, namatafula angcoliswe yileli gciwane bese uthinta ikhala lakho, umlomo, namehlo ngesandla esifanayo.
- Ngokwabelana ngezinto: Ngokusebenzisa izinkomishi ezifanayo, amapuleti, izipuni, njll.
- Ngokuthinta indle ethelelekile: Lokhu kungase kuzwakale kungathandeki kancane, kodwa kuyiqiniso. Isibonelo, ukungagezi izandla zakho kahle ngensipho ngemva kokushintsha inabukeni lengane noma ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese kungasakaza igciwane.
Yiziphi ezinye izinkinga ezingabangelwa yilokhu?
Ngaphezu kwesimo se-AFM esixoxe ngaso ngaphambili, igciwane le-EV-D68 lingabangela ezinye izinkinga eziningana.
- I-pneumonia: Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaphaphu athelelekile futhi agcwele uketshezi.
- I-Encephalitis: Ukutheleleka kanye nokuvuvukala kobuchopho.
- I-Meningitis: Ukutheleleka kanye nokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezimboze ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla.
Abantu abane-asthma noma amasosha omzimba abuthakathaka basengozini enkulu yokuthola izinkinga ezinkulu zokuphefumula uma bethola igciwane. Futhi, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-7 zisengozini enkulu yokuthola isifo sezinzwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-AFM.
Iphathwa kanjani? Ngingenzani ekhaya?
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-antiviral okwamanje okuqeda igciwane le-EV-D68. Ukwelashwa kusekelwe ezimpawini.
Izinto ongazenza ekhaya
Uma unezimpawu ezivamile nezincane, ngokuvamile zizolulama zodwa cishe ngesonto noma amabili. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, ungenza okulandelayo:
- Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Phumula ngokwanele.
- Uma ikhala lakho licijile, ukugeza ngamanzi ashisayo noma ukuhlala endlini yokugezela enomusi isikhashana kungakhulula amafinyila futhi kukunikeze impumuzo.
- Ungathatha imithi yokubulala izinhlungu yomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba. Kodwa-ke, ngaphambi kokuba unike ingane yakho noma yimuphi umuthi, kufanele nakanjani ubuze udokotela wakho futhi unikeze kuphela umthamo awunikezayo.
Ukwelashwa esibhedlela
Uma izimpawu zinzima, kungadingeka ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela futhi welashwe. Udokotela angase ahlole isimo sesiguli futhi anikeze ukwelashwa okulandelayo:
- Nciphisa ukuvuvukala ngemithi efana ne -'Corticosteroids' .
- Uma unenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula, sebenzisa ama-bronchodilator (njenge-nebulizers) ukuze wenze ukuphefumula kube lula.
- Ukwelashwa ngama-antibody njenge- immunoglobulin efakwa emthanjeni ukusiza umzimba ukulwa nezifo.
Kufanele ngiye nini esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezinye zalezi zimpawu, hambani niye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula.
- Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba, izindebe, noma izinzipho (i-cyanosis). Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba awutholi umoya-mpilo owanele.
- Noma yiziphi izimpawu ze-AFM, njengobunzima bokukhuluma, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, noma ukukhubazeka.
- Ukudideka noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
Ngingazivikela kanjani kulokhu kutheleleka?
Njenganoma yisiphi isifo esithathelwanayo, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulesi sifo iwukuzigcina uhlanzekile futhi uhlanzekile.
- Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, ukushintsha amanabukeni ezingane, nangaphambi kokudla noma ukulungisa ukudla.
- Uma ukhwehlela noma uthimula, khwehlela ngaphakathi kwendololwane noma ungene ethanjeni.
- Hlanza izindawo ezivame ukuthintwa (amathoyizi, izibambo zomnyango, amafoni) ngesibulali-magciwane.
- Ungabelani ngezinto zokudlela, izinkomishi, izipuni, amathawula, noma izingubo nabanye.
- Uma ingane yakho igula, yigcine ekhaya ingangeni esikoleni. Futhi gwema ukuyisa ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.
Ekugcineni, uma uzwa igama elithi Enterovirus D68, ungase uzizwe wesaba uma uzwa ngezinto ezifana nokukhubazeka komzimba. Lokho kuvamile. Kodwa khumbula, lezi zinkinga ezinkulu azivamile. Iningi labantu liyakuthola futhi liyaphela njengomkhuhlane ovamile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu nokufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyingozi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) igciwane elivame ukubangela izimpawu ezincane ezifana nomkhuhlane.
- Kodwa akuvamile kakhulu, lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zokuphefumula noma ezimweni ezifana ne-amyloidosis (AFM).
- Uma ubhekene nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula, isikhumba esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ubuthakathaka bemisipha ngokuzumayo, hamba uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulokhu ukulandela imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka, okuhlanganisa nokugeza izandla zakho kahle.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukungabaza ngalokhu, ungesabi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.
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