Cishe akukho okubuhlungu ngaphezu kokubona umama, ubaba, ugogo, noma umalume wethu osekhulile bekhohlwa yonke into kancane kancane. Kusukela ekukhohlweni izinto ezincane kuze kube sekugcineni singakhumbuli ukuthi singobani noma ukuthi izingane zethu zingobani, isifo i-Alzheimer's yisimo esisenza sonke singakwazi ukuzisiza njengomndeni. Ngakho-ke, kuthiwani uma kuvela ukukhanya okuncane kwelanga phakathi kwefu elimnyama kangaka? Kuthiwani uma kukhona izindaba ngomuthi omusha ongase unciphise ukuqhubeka kwesifo i-Alzheimer's? Namuhla sizokhuluma ngocwaningo olusha olulethe ithemba elinjalo.
Iyini i-Donanemab? Isebenza kanjani?
Kalula nje, i-Donanemab iwumuthi omusha wocwaningo othuthukiswayo ukwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer's. Ukhiqizwa yinkampani yemithi i-Eli Lilly.
Manje, imbangela eyinhloko yesifo i-Alzheimer's kucatshangwa ukuthi iwukuqongelela kweprotheyini eyingozi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-amyloid plaques ebuchosheni. Njengokugqwala okwakheka emapayipini ethu amanzi, la maprotheni aqoqana phakathi kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa ebuchosheni futhi aphazamise ukusebenza kwawo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yilokhu okubangela izimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kanye nobunzima bokucabanga.
Umuthi i-Donanemab uhlasela ngqo lawa ma-deposit abizwa ngokuthi ama-amyloid plaques. Uma lo muthi unikezwa umzimba, uya ebuchosheni, uqaphela lawa ma-protein deposit angafuneki, bese uqala ukuwasusa. Lokhu kusebenza njengokwelashwa kwama-antibody . Isisekelo sesayensi salokhu ukuthi ngokuhlanza ubuchopho ngale ndlela, kunganciphisa ijubane lokuqhubeka kwalesi sifo.
Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo iphumelele kakhulu kangangokuthi u-Eli Lilly ulungiselela ukufaka isicelo kwi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukuze avume lo muthi ukuthi usetshenziswe ngumphakathi.
Imiphumela emangalisayo eyembulwe ucwaningo
Lokhu akulona nje noma yiluphi ucwaningo. Lolu wucwaningo olungahleliwe, olungaboni kabili, olulawulwa yi-placebo . Okusho ukuthi, iziguli zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili, kanti iqembu elilodwa linikezwa umuthi wangempela, kanti elinye iqembu linikezwa umuthi mbumbulu ongenaso isithako esisebenzayo (i-placebo). Kodwa isiguli noma ithimba elilaphayo abazi ukuthi ubani othola umuthi. Le ndlela isivumela ukuthi silinganise ukusebenza kahle kwangempela komuthi ngokungakhethi.
Ngakho ake sibheke eminye yemiphumela yalolu cwaningo. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi lokhu kungenza umehluko ongakanani empilweni yeziguli ezine-Alzheimer's.
| Ukutholwa kokhiye | Incazelo yomphumela |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu azibi zimbi kakhulu | Ama-47% alabo abathathe i-donanemab awazange abonise ukwanda kwezimpawu ngemva konyaka, uma kuqhathaniswa nama- 29% kuphela alabo abathathe i-placebo. |
| Ukunciphisa ijubane lesifo | Uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abathatha i-placebo, labo abathatha i-Donanemab babe nokwehla okungu -35% kwesilinganiso sokuwohloka kwesifo. |
| Ukukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke | Ikhono lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokugqoka nokupheka itiye wedwa lehle ngo- 40% . Lokhu kuyimpumuzo enkulu kokubili isiguli nomndeni. |
| Ingozi yokuqhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo salesi sifo | Labo abathatha i-Donanemab babenengozi encishisiwe engu- 39% yokuqhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo nesinzima kakhulu salesi sifo. |
| Amazinga e-amyloid yobuchopho | Ngisho naphakathi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha nje zokuqala ukwelashwa, amazinga ama-amyloid plaque ebuchosheni beziguli anciphe kakhulu. |
Lolu cwaningo luhilele iziguli ezisesigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo. Zahlukaniswa ngokwezinga lazo le -tau , elinye iphrotheni elilinganisa ubukhali besifo. Ngokumangazayo, ngisho neziguli ezinezifo ezithuthuke kakhulu kanye namazinga aphezulu e-tau ziye zabona izinzuzo ezithile kulo muthi.
Siyazi futhi ngemiphumela emibi.
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, kuneminye imiphumela emibi ebikiwe. Njengoba sikhuluma ngethemba, kudingeka sithembeke ngalezi zingozi.
Umphumela oyinhloko obonakala ngalo muthi yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-ARIA (Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities) . Kalula nje, lokhu ukuvuvukala kwesikhashana noma ukuphuma kwegazi ebuchosheni okuncane. Kukholakala ukuthi kuhlobene nenqubo yokususa i-amyloid.
- Ama -24% alabo abathathe i-DonanemabKuye kwaba nokuvuvukala kobuchopho, kodwa abantu abangu -6% kuphela ababonise izimpawu.
- Ukopha okuncane kwenzeke cishe kuma -31% eziguli (lokhu kwenzeka naku- 14% walabo abathathe i-placebo).
Ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi iningi lalezi zimo ze-ARIA zincane noma ziphakathi nendawo futhi zingelapheka noma zizinzile ngokwelashwa okufanele.
Kodwa-ke, akufanele sikhohlwe naleli qiniso. Ngokudabukisayo, ukufa kwabantu abathathu okuhlobene nalesi simo se-ARIA nakho kubikwe phakathi nalolu cwaningo. Lokhu kusibonisa ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha eduze lapho kusetshenziswa umuthi onamandla kangaka.
Ochwepheshe bathini ngalokhu?
Odokotela bezinzwa emhlabeni wonke bajabule ngale miphumela. Abanye bathi, "Manje sesingene enkathini yokwelashwa kwesifo i-Alzheimer's."
"Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi yocwaningo olungaphumelelanga, manje sithola imiphumela eqhubekayo ekhombisa ukuthi ukususa i-amyloid kungashintsha indlela isifo esiqhubeka ngayo," kusho omunye uchwepheshe.
Esinye isici esiyingqayizivele salo muthi yindlela ophathwa ngayo. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi uma iphrotheni eyingozi ye-amyloid ebuchosheni isincishisiwe yaya ezingeni elithile, umuthi ungamiswa . Ukwelashwa kuye kwamiswa ku-52% weziguli phakathi nonyaka kanye no-72% phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-18. Lokhu kufana "nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa" kwesifo nokusibona ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungaba yinzuzo enkulu ezigulini kanye nangokwezindleko zokwelashwa.
Kodwa abanye ochwepheshe basaqaphile kancane. Bathi, "Le miphumela ibukeka kahle kakhulu, kodwa sidinga ukubona idatha ephelele. Kunemiphumela emibi ebalulekile, futhi sidinga ukwazi okwengeziwe ngendlela ezithinta ngayo iziguli."
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Donanemab ayilona ikhambi lesifo i-Alzheimer's, kodwa iyisidakamizwa esinciphisa kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwalesi sifo, futhi inikeza ithemba elikhulu ngekusasa.
- Lokhu kusebenza ngokususa ama-plaque e-amyloid ayingozi aqoqana ebuchosheni.
- Lokhu kusiza iziguli, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, ukugcina inkumbulo kanye nekhono lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke isikhathi eside.
- Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho kanye nokopha okuncane (ARIA)Kukhona ingozi yemiphumela emibi kakhulu, ngakho-ke uma ukhetha ukwenza lokhu kwelashwa, kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa okuseduze kakhulu kwezokwelapha.
- Lo muthi usesesigabeni sokucwaninga. Kuzothatha isikhathi ngaphambi kokuba utholakale ukuze usetshenziswe eSri Lanka. Ngakho-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho ekhombisa izimpawu ze-Alzheimer's, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ofanelekayo ngokushesha okukhulu bese ucela iseluleko.
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