Wake waba namehlo abomvu, alumayo, noma anamanzi? Cabanga nje ukuthi kungaba nzima kangakanani uma kwenzeka into efana nale. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinto elula, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka kwamehlo. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizoxoxa ngalezi zifo zamehlo, njengokukhuluma nomngane.

Kuyini ngempela ukutheleleka kwamehlo?

Kalula nje, ukutheleleka kwamehlo ukutheleleka kweso lakho okubangelwa yi -microorganism - igciwane, igciwane noma isikhunta. Kungathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yeso. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinkophe, ingxenye emhlophe yeso (ebizwa ngokuthi i-conjunctiva), noma ingxenye ecacile ngaphezu kweso elimnyama (ebizwa ngokuthi i-cornea) ingatheleleka.

Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwethu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "isifo samehlo" , ngokwezokwelapha , i-conjunctivitis . Lokhu kubangelwa kakhulu amagciwane. Kodwa kungabangelwa namagciwane. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi imithi esiyinikezayo yokutheleleka kwamagciwane ayisebenzi. Ama-antibiotic anikezwa kuphela ukutheleleka kwamagciwane.

Lezi zifo zamehlo zingathinta iso elilodwa noma womabili amehlo. Ezinye izifo azimbi kakhulu futhi zizophela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, ezinye zingaba zimbi ngokwanele ukuthi zidinge usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha futhi, uma zingelashwa kahle, zingaholela nasekulahlekelweni umbono . Ngakho-ke, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuthatha noma yini encane uma kukhulunywa ngamehlo akho kalula.

Zivame kangakanani izifo zamehlo?

Ukutheleleka kwamehlo empeleni kuvame kakhulu. Ngokusho kweminye imibiko, cishe abantu abayisigidi e-United States kuphela baya kudokotela noma esibhedlela minyaka yonke ngenxa yokutheleleka kwamehlo. Lesi simo singabonakala ezweni lethu ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane. Lokhu kutheleleka kuvame kakhulu kubantu abagqoka 'ama-contact lens' , ngoba uma kungahlanzwa kahle noma kungasetshenziswa kahle, amagciwane angangena kalula emehlweni.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokutheleleka kwamehlo?

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokutheleleka kwamehlo. Ake sibheke ezimbalwa zazo:

• I-Blepharitis: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imiphetho yamehlo akho, lapho izinkophe zakho ziqala khona, ivuvukala, ibe bomvu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ibe namaqhubu amancane. Kungaba yinto engakhululekile futhi uzizwe sengathi amehlo akho ayaklwebheka.
• I-cellulitis: Lokhu ukutheleleka kwamangqamuzana esikhumba azungeze iso. Indawo ezungeze iso ingaba bomvu, ivuvuke, futhi izwakale ishisa.
• I-Dacryocystitis: Leli igama elingajwayelekile, akunjalo? Leli yigciwane elisesikhwameni sakho sezinyembezi. Izinyembezi zethu zivela esweni bese zingena ekhaleni. Uma leli payipi livalekile, izinyembezi aziphumi kahle, futhi amagciwane anganqwabelana esikhwameni sezinyembezi bese etheleleka.
• I-Conjunctivitis (isifo samehlo):Sesikhulume ngalokhu ngaphambilini. Amehlo aba bomvu, alume, futhi abe namaqhubu. Kungabangelwa amagciwane, amagciwane, noma ukungezwani komzimba.
• I-Endophthalmitis: Lokhu ukutheleleka okubi kakhulu ngaphakathi kweso . Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwamehlo (njengokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract noma ukufakelwa kwe-cornea) noma ngemva kokulimala okukhulu kweso. Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.
• I-Stye/Hordeolum: Lesi yisigaxa esincane, esibuhlungu esibonakala emaphethelweni ejwabu leso. Sibukeka njenge-pimple. Sibangelwa ukutheleleka okusezansi kwejwabu leso.
• I-Uveitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala (ukuvuvukala) kwe-uvea, ulwelwesi olungaphakathi kweso. Iso lingase libe bomvu, libe buhlungu, libe nobunzima bokubona ekukhanyeni okukhulu, futhi libe nombono ofiphele.

Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka kwamehlo?

Uma unesifo samehlo, amehlo akho azobukeka futhi azizwe ngendlela ehlukile kunejwayelekile. Ezinye zezimpawu zokuqala yilezi:

• Amehlo abomvu: Lokhu kuvame ukuba uphawu lokuqala olubonayo.
• Amehlo avuthayo noma avuthayo: Umuzwa ongakhululekile, njengokungathi kukhona okuthile esweni.
• Ubuhlungu bamehlo: Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ubuhlungu obuncane, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ubuhlungu obukhulu.
• Uketshezi olunamanzi luphuma emehlweni: oluhlukile kwezinyembezi nje.
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo: Ijwabu noma indawo ezungeze iso ingase ivuvuke.

Njengoba izinsuku zihamba, noma uma ukutheleleka kuba kubi kakhulu, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphuma koketshezi noma ubomvu emehlweni: Ukuphuma koketshezi kungase kube phuzi futhi kube mkhulu. Amehlo akho angase abe namathe uma uvuka ekuseni.
• Izinkophe zinamathelana: Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yalolo qweqwe.
• Ubunzima bokubuka ukukhanya (Photophobia): Amehlo awakwazi ukubekezelela ngisho nokukhanya okuncane.
• Umbono ofiphele: Ukungaboni kahle.
• Umkhuhlane: Kwezinye izifo ezinkulu, ungase ube nomkhuhlane.

Okubalulekile: Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, ungazinaki. Ikakhulukazi uma umbono wakho ungacacile, unezinhlungu ezinkulu, noma ungakwazi ukubona ukukhanya, bona udokotela ngokushesha.

Kungani sithola izifo zamehlo?

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokutheleleka kwamehlo, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili , amabhaktheriya, isikhunta, amagciwane, kanye namagciwane . Lezi zidalwa ezincane zingangena emehlweni ethu ngezindlela eziningi. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba ngenxa yokulimala kweso . Cabanga nje, uma ucezu oluncane lwezinkuni lubhajwa esweni lakho ngenkathi usebenza engadini, amagciwane akulo angangena esweni lakho.

Esinye isici esiyingozi kakhulu sokutheleleka kwamehlo ukulala nama-contact lens ku- . Ngokufanayo, ukuwasebenzisa ngaphandle kokuwahlanza kahle nakho kuyingozi enkulu.

Hlobo luni lwebhaktheriya olubangela ukutheleleka kwamehlo?

Izinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane zingabangela ukutheleleka kwamehlo. Ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamagciwane yilezi:

• `I-Bacillus`
• `I-Enterobacteriaceae`
• `Umkhuhlane we-Haemophilus`
• `I-Moraxella spp.`
• `I-Neisseria gonorrhoeae` (leli yigciwane elibangela i-gonorrhea, lingathinta namehlo)
• I-Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu kubantu abagqoka amalensi okuxhumana)
• I-Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (Leli yigciwane elivamile elibangela izifo zesikhumba)
• `I-Streptococcus pneumoniae` (S. pneumoniae) (Lokhu kubangela nezifo ezifana ne-pneumonia)

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezifana ne-"Gram stain test" kanye ne-"bacterial culture test" ukuze bathole lezi zinhlobo zamagciwane.

Hlobo luni lwamagciwane abangela ukutheleleka kwamehlo?

Amagciwane angabangela nokutheleleka kwamehlo. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Herpes simplex: Leli yigciwane elivame ukubangela izilonda zomkhuhlane, kodwa lingathinta namehlo.
• Igciwane le-Varicella zoster: Leli yigciwane elibangela i-chickenpox kanye ne-herpes zoster (ama-shingles).
• I-Adenovirus: Leli gciwane liyimbangela eyinhloko "yesifo samehlo" noma "i-conjunctivitis."

Hlobo luni lwesikhunta olubangela ukutheleleka kwamehlo?

Ukutheleleka ngefungus akuvamile, kodwa kungaba yingozi.

• Izinhlobo ze-Candida zibangela cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zamacala e-endophthalmitis, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa kokufakelwa i-cornea. Ukutheleleka kwesikhunta nakho kungenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, uma into engaphandle (isib. ucezu lokhuni, ucezu lwesitshalo) ilimaza iso, ukutheleleka kungavela uma kuqukethe uhlobo lwesikhunta olubizwa ngokuthi ``Fusarium''.
• Futhi, uma kukhona ukutheleleka kwegazi okubangelwa yisikhunta, kungasakazekela emehlweni.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo samehlo?

Ungase ucabange, "O, ngicabanga ukuthi nginesifo samehlo." Kodwa into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubona udokotela bese uthola ukuthi yini ngempela engalungile. Udokotela uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, athathe umlando wakho wezokwelapha, bese ehlola amehlo ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi bazothatha isampula encane yokukhishwa esweni lakho (i-'swab`) bese beyithumela elabhorethri ukuze bathole ukuthi yimaphi amagciwane akulo.

Izifo zamehlo zelashwa kanjani?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yokutheleleka kwamehlo akho.

• Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane: Kunikezwa ama-antibiotic kulokhu. Lawa anganikezwa njengamaconsi amehlo, amafutha okugcoba, noma amaphilisi. Le mithi ivame ukuqala ukusebenza zingakapheli amahora angama-24 kuya kwangu-48.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane: Esikhathini esiningi, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kokutheleleka ngegciwane, futhi ngokuvamile kuyaphela ngokwako. Kodwa-ke, kunemithi ethile yokulwa namagciwane yamanye amagciwane, njenge-herpes.
• Ukutheleleka ngesikhunta: Lokhu kwelashwa ngemithi yokukhunta. Lokhu kungafika ngesimo samaconsi, amafutha okugcoba, noma amaphilisi.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesifo esibangelwa yigciwane noma ukungakhululeki kwamehlo okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba, kunezinto ezimbalwa ongazenza ekhaya ukuze uthole impumuzo:

• Ukuhlikihla amehlo akho ngendwangu emanzi: Ukuze amehlo akho azizwe engcono, ungahlikihla amehlo akho ngendwangu ehlanzekile efakwe emanzini afudumele (hhayi ashisayo kakhulu, kodwa afudumele nje) noma ngamanzi abandayo.
• Ukusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo agcobayo (izinyembezi zokwenziwa): Lawa angathengwa emakhemisi. Anciphisa amehlo omile futhi anikeze impumuzo.
• Ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela (i-OTC): Ungathatha umuthi ofana ne-paracetamol ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu.
• Gwema izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba: Uma izinto ezifana nothuli kanye nempova kubangela ukungakhululeki kwamehlo akho, gwema ukuzibona ngangokunokwenzeka.

Yini ongayilindela uma unesifo samehlo?

• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba: Lokhu akuthelelani futhi akubangeli umonakalo omkhulu ekuboneni kwakho. Akudingeki uhlale kude nabanye abantu.
• Ukutheleleka okubangelwa amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, noma isikhunta: Lokhu kungathelelana nabanye. Ngakho-ke, kufanele ugweme ukusondelana nabanye kuze kube yilapho uzizwa ungcono. Ungabelani ngamathawula, ama-pillowcases, noma ezinye izinto nabanye.
• Ezinye izifo ziyingozi ekuboneni kwakho: ikakhulukazi izifo ezibangelwa ukulimala kwamehlo, njengokutheleleka kwe-cornea, okungaholela ekulahlekelweni kokubona uma kungelashwa kahle. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona uchwepheshe wamehlo uma unezinkinga zamehlo. Anganquma ukuthi inkinga iyini nokuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa okudingekayo.

Ungazivikela kanjani ezifweni zamehlo?

Nakuba singenakukwazi ukuvimbela zonke izifo zamehlo, kunezinto esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi yethu:

• Uma ugqoka amalensi okuxhumana: Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo mayelana nendlela yokuwasebenzisa, indlela yokuwahlanza, nokuthi ungawagqoka isikhathi esingakanani. Ungalokothi ugqoke amalensi akho isikhathi esingaphezu kwalokho udokotela akutshele kona, futhi ungalokothi ulale nawo.
• Gqoka izibuko zokuphepha lapho usebenza noma udlala imidlalo: Ukugqoka izibuko zokuphepha kunikeza isivikelo esikhulu ngesikhathi somsebenzi noma semidlalo lapho kunengozi yokulimala ngenxa yezinto ezindizayo.
• Gwema izinto ezikubangela ukungezwani komzimba: Futhi, thatha imithi yokungezwani komzimba uma unikezwe udokotela wakho.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo ngangokunokwenzeka: Ezinye izifo zamehlo (ikakhulukazi ezibangelwa amagciwane) zidluliselwa kalula.
• Geza izandla zakho njalo (Ukuhlanzeka kwezandla): Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamagciwane angabonakali ezandleni zethu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugeza izandla zakho ngaphambi kokuthinta amehlo akho.
• Ungabelani ngamathawula, izimonyo zamehlo, njll. nabanye abantu.
• Uma uthola ukutheleleka kwamehlo, susa noma yiziphi izimonyo ozisebenzisile, ikakhulukazi izimonyo zamehlo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungaphinde uthole ukutheleleka.

Ingabe kufanele ngibone udokotela mayelana nokutheleleka kwamehlo?

Uma une-allergies, kungenzeka ukuthi ujwayelene namehlo abomvu nalumayo. Kodwa-ke, uma uzizwa ungakhululekile, ubuhlungu, ukukhishwa kwamanzi, noma izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Qaphela kakhulu ngalezi zinto:

* Uma unenkinga yamehlo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.

* Uma ulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ubunzima bokubheka ukukhanya, noma ukuphuma kwamanzi amaningi emehlweni akho, kungaba yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma lezi zifo zingelashwa ngokushesha, umbono ungalahleka unomphela. Odokotela bamehlo bavame ukutholakala ngezimpelasonto noma ebusuku uma kunezimo eziphuthumayo ('uma ufonelwa').

Amehlo ethu ayizitho eziyigugu kakhulu futhi ezizwela kalula. Nakuba kunezinto eziningi ezenzelwe ngokwemvelo ukuwavikela, asatholakala kalula ezifweni. Ukulimala kwamehlo, kanye nezifo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba ('izifo zesistimu'), kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka kwamehlo. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe amehlo akho abomvu noma ayaluma, kuwukuhlakanipha ukuhlolwa udokotela bese uthola imbangela eqondile ngaphambi kokuthola ukwelashwa. Ikakhulukazi labo abagqoka 'ama-contact lens' kufanele bacabange kabili ngalokhu.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ake sikukhumbuze izinto ezimbalwa esikhulume ngazo namuhla esicabanga ukuthi zibalulekile kuwe:

• Ukutheleleka kwamehlo kubangelwa yizinto ezincane ezifana namagciwane, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.
• Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokubomvu kwamehlo, ukulunywa, ubuhlungu, ukuphuma koketshezi emzimbeni, kanye nokungaboni kahle.
• Uma ugqoka amalensi okuxhumana, wagcine ehlanzekile futhi uwasebenzise kahle. Ungawagqoki isikhathi eside kunalokho okunconywa udokotela wakho, noma ulale nawo nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
• Ezinye izifo zamehlo ziyathelelana, ngakho-ke hlala uhlanzekile futhi ungabelani ngezinto ezifana namathawula nabanye abantu.
• Uma unezinkinga zamehlo, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu noma ukulahlekelwa umbono, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Ungaziphilisi.
• Ukuvimbela kuyindlela engcono kakhulu. Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi ugweme ukuthinta amehlo akho ngokungadingekile.

Kungumthwalo wakho ukunakekela amehlo akho. Unganaki ngisho nento encane kakhulu, futhi ungakhohlwa ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Khona-ke ungagcina umbono wakho uphilile futhi ucacile!

Ukutheleleka Kwamehlo , Isifo Samehlo, I-Conjunctivitis, Ukubomvu Kwamehlo, Amehlo Alumayo, Ukuvuvukala Kwamehlo