Ukuthuthukiswa Kwengane Esanda Kuzalwa: Uhambo Olumangalisayo Isonto Nesonto

Izindaba zokuthi uzoba umama ziletha injabulo enkulu enhliziyweni yakho, akunjalo? Ngesikhathi esifanayo, unesifiso esikhulu sokuthi leso sidalwa esincane esingaphakathi kwesibeletho sakho sikhula kanjani kancane kancane. Kuyinqubo emangalisayo ngempela. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalolu hambo olumangalisayo oluqala ngaphambi kokuthi wazi ukuthi ukhulelwe futhi luqhubeke kuze kube yilapho ingane yakho ifika kuleli zwe.

Izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko zokukhula komntwana

Kalula nje, yonke inqubo yokukhula komntwana ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Nakuba singasebenzisi la magama engxoxweni evamile, kubalulekile ukwazi ngawo.

Isigaba Se-germinal - Isinyathelo Sokuqala

Lesi yisigaba esifushane kakhulu. Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka lapho isidoda sihlangana neqanda lakho epayipini le-fallopian. Iseli elilodwa elakha lapho libizwa ngokuthi i-zygote. Le-zygote iya esibelethweni cishe isonto lonke. Phakathi nalolu hambo, ihlukana futhi yakhe amaseli amaningi. Ekugcineni, leli bhola lamaseli lihlukana libe izingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye eyodwa ekugcineni iba umbungu, kanti enye ingxenye iba yi-placenta. Leli bhola lamaseli (blastocyst) liya esibelethweni futhi lizifake odongeni lwesibeletho. Uma lokhu kuphumelela, umzimba wakho uzoqala ukukhiqiza ama-hormone adingekayo ukuze ukhulelwe futhi ukuya esikhathini kwakho kuzoma.

Isigaba Sombungu - Lapho kuvela isimo

Lesi sigaba siqala kusukela esontweni lesi-3 lokukhulelwa kuya esontweni lesi-8. Manje lelo bhola lamaseli liqala kancane kancane ukuthatha isimo somuntu. Manje silibiza ngokuthi umbungu. Ithubhu yemizwa (kamuva eba ubuchopho nomgogodla), ikhanda, amehlo, umlomo, kanye nemilenze kuqala ukwakheka phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Emasontweni 5-6, amaseli azokwakha inhliziyo aqala ukwakheka futhi aqale ukushaya. Esontweni 6, izingalo nemilenze kubonakala sengathi yizinkinobho ezincane. Ekupheleni kwesonto lesi-8, iningi lezitho nezinhlelo ezinkulu zengane selivele lakhiwe ngokugcwele. Yilapho futhi omama abaningi beqala ukuzwa ukucasuka kwasekuseni .

Isigaba Somntwana Osesiswini - Intuthuko kuze kube yilapho ezalwa

Lesi sigaba sithatha kusukela emavikini angu-9 kuze kube yilapho umntwana ezalwa. Manje sesibiza umbungu ngokuthi umbungu. Nakuba ubulili bomntwana bunqunywa cishe emavikini angu-9, kuthatha isikhathi ukuwubona nge-ultrasound scan. Izitho ezibalulekile zomntwana ziyaqhubeka nokukhula nokuvuthwa. Izinto ezifana nezinzipho, izinkophe, nezinwele nazo ziyakhula phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Nakuba umntwana engashukumisa izitho zakhe, ngeke uqale ukuzizwa kuze kube amasonto angaba ngu-20. Iningi lesisindo nobude bomntwana bukhula phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Ukukhulelwa kuqala kanjani? Uzibala kanjani izinsuku?

Lokhu kungase kubonakale kungavamile. Ngokwezokwelapha, ukukhulelwa kwakho kuqala ngosuku lokuqala lwesikhathi sakho sokugcina . Eqinisweni, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka cishe ngemva kwamasonto amabili. Kodwa udokotela ukubuza ngosuku lwesikhathi sakho sokugcina ngoba ulusebenzisa ukubala usuku lwakho lokuzalwa. Yingakho incwadi yakho yomtholampilo izobe inalolu suku oluqondile olubhalwe phansi.

Ukukhula komntwana inyanga nenyanga, isonto nesonto

Ukukhulelwa okuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto angu-40. Sihlukanisa lesi sikhathi sibe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-trimester. I-trimester eyodwa ihlala cishe izinyanga ezintathu.

Ikota Yokuqala (Amasonto 1-12)

Lesi yisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu nesibaluleke kakhulu sokukhulelwa. Kungalesi sikhathi lapho ibhola elincane lamaseli likhula libe umbungu ofana nomuntu. Kungalesi sikhathi futhi lapho omama abaningi bebhekana nokukhathala okukhulu kanye nokucasuka kwasekuseni.

Inyanga 1 (Amasonto 1-4)

• Amaviki 1-2: Yilapho umzimba wakho ulungiselela ngempela ukukhulelwa. Ulungiselela ukukhipha iqanda esibelethweni (ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda).
• Isonto 3: Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka. Isidoda neqanda kuyahlangana kwakha i-zygote.
• Isonto lesi-4: I-blastocyst izifakela odongeni lwesibeletho. I-placenta kanye ne-amniotic sac kuqala ukwakheka. Ekupheleni kwesonto lesine, i-blastocyst icishe ibe usayizi wembewu ye-poppy.

Inyanga 2 (amasonto 5-8)

Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bakhulelwe ngalesi sikhathi. Ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa komchamo okungenziwa ekhaya kuzobonisa umphumela "ohle" njengamanje.

• Isonto lesi-5: Kuqala ukwakheka ithubhu yemizwa (ubuchopho kanye nentambo yomgogodla). Inhliziyo encane iqala ukushaya cishe izikhathi eziyi-110 ngomzuzu.
• Isonto lesi-6: Izingalo nemilenze kuqala ukubukeka njengezinqe ezincane. Ukujikeleza kwegazi kuqala. Izindawo lapho kuzovela khona izindlebe, amehlo, nomlomo. Udokotela angase akwazi ukubona ukushaya kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound scan yesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Isonto lesi-7: Amathambo aqala ukwakheka. Izitho zobulili ziqala ukukhula. Ikhanda libonakala likhulu kunomzimba wonke.
• Isonto lesi-8: Zonke izitho nezinhlelo ezinkulu ziyakhiwa. Kukhona ulwelwesi phakathi kweminwe nezinzwane. Intambo yesisu yakheke kahle futhi inikeza umoya-mpilo kanye nokudla okunempilo enganeni.

Ngemva kwamasonto ayi-8, sibiza lo mbungu ngokuthi "umbungu." Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesibili, umntwana usuke eselingana nobhontshisi, obungaba yi-intshi ubude.

Inyanga 3 (Amasonto 9-12)

Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ukukhula komntwana kushesha kakhulu.

• Isonto lesi-9: Amazinyo nezinzwa zokunambitha ziqala ukukhula. Imisipha iyakhula. Ungase ukwazi ukuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane nge-Doppler ultrasound.
• Isonto 10: Izandla, izinyawo, neminwe sekuvele kwakhiwe ngokuphelele. Izinzipho seziqala ukwakheka.
• Isonto 11: Umntwana uqala ukwenza izinto ezifana nokunyakazisa izandla zakhe, avule futhi avale umlomo wakhe. Amadolo akhe nezindololwane zakhe ziyasebenza. Kodwa awukwazi ukuzwa lokho kunyakaza okwamanje.
• Isonto 12: Zonke izitho ezibalulekile, izitho zomzimba, namathambo sezisendaweni yazo. Manje kudingeka ziqhubeke nokukhula. Ingane iqala ukuphuza nokuchama oketshezini lwe-amniotic oluyizungezile.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesithathu, umntwana usuke eselingana nolamula, ongamasentimitha angu-1.5 ubude.

Ikota Yesibili (Ikota Yesibili: Amasonto 13-28)

Abantu abaningi bathi lesi yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokukhulelwa. Yisikhathi lapho ukugula kwasekuseni sekuphelile futhi umzimba wakho uzizwa uqabulekile kancane. Yilapho futhi uqala ukuzwa umntwana enyakaza futhi elwa ngaphakathi esibelethweni. Ungathola ubulili bomntwana ngesikhathi se-"Anomaly scan", okwenziwa cishe emavikini angama-20.

Inyanga 4 (Amasonto 13-16)

• Isonto 14: Isikhumba somntwana siqala ukujiya. Izinwele ezincane (uboya) ziyakhula.
• Isonto 16: Izindlebe zengane yakho zikhule kahle. Ingakuzwa okushoyo. Ingasabela ekukhanyeni, ngisho noma amehlo ayo evaliwe.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesine, umntwana usuke eselingana no-avokhado, ongamasentimitha angu-1.5 ubude.

Inyanga yesi-5 (amasonto angu-17-20)

• Isonto 17: Into emhlophe, enoshizi ebizwa ngokuthi ``Vernix`` yakha esikhumbeni somntwana. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela umonakalo esikhumbeni ukuthi singavezwa uketshezi lwe-amniotic isikhathi eside.
• Isonto 18: Umzimba wonke wengane umbozwe izinwele ezincane (i-lanugo). Lokhu kusiza ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa lomzimba wengane.
• Isonto 19: Ingane isinamandla kakhulu manje. Uzoqala ukuzwa ukunyakaza kwengane.
• Isonto lama-20: Izingxenye zobuchopho ezihlobene nezinzwa ezinhlanu ziqala ukukhula.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesihlanu, umntwana usuke esenobude obungamasentimitha angu-10 futhi enesisindo esingaba yikhilogremu elilodwa.

Inyanga 6 (amasonto 21-24)

• Isonto lama-22: Ingane ingakuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, isisu sakho siduma, kanye nokuphefumula kwakho.
• Isonto lama-23: Uma ukubeletha kungakabi yisikhathi ngemva kwaleli sonto, odokotela bangase bakwazi ukugcina umntwana ephila ngaphansi kokwelashwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile.
• Isonto lama-24: Amaphaphu engane asuke akheke ngokuphelele, kodwa awakavuthwa ngokwanele ukuba asebenze ngaphandle kwesibeletho.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesithupha, umntwana usuke esenobude obungangefidi elilodwa futhi enesisindo esingamakhilogremu amabili.

Inyanga yesi-7 (amasonto angama-25-28)

• Isonto lama-26: Amaphaphu engane aqala ukukhiqiza into ebizwa ngokuthi ``Surfactant.'' Lokhu kusiza kakhulu ekuphefumuleni ngemva kokuzalwa.
• Isonto lama-27: Ingane ingavula futhi ivale amehlo ayo. Amajwabu nawo ayakheka.
• Isonto lama-28: Ingane ingase iqale ukugoba ikhanda layo phansi ilungiselela ukuzalwa.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesikhombisa, umntwana usuke esenobude obungamasentimitha angu-14-15 futhi enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-2-3.

Ikota Yesithathu (Ikota Yesithathu: Amasonto 29-40)

Lesi yisigaba sokugcina sokukhulelwa. Uqala ukubala izinsuku futhi ulangazelela ukubona ingane yakho maduze. Njalo ngesonto phakathi nalesi sikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela ukuzalwa kwengane yakho. Isisindo sengane siyakhula ngokushesha phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokuxilonga njalo phakathi nalesi sikhathi. Ekuqaleni, uzokucela ukuthi uze emtholampilo njalo emavikini amabili, futhi ekugcineni kanye ngesonto.

Inyanga 8 (amasonto 29-32)

• Isonto lama-29: Njengoba umntwana manje enesikhala esincane esibelethweni, angase azizwe sengathi ubhoboza umunwe kunokuba aqhume.
• Isonto lama-30: Ubuchopho bomntwana bukhula ngokushesha.
• Isonto 32: Ngaphandle kwamaphaphu nobuchopho, iningi lezinye izitho zomzimba selivuthiwe futhi selilungele ukuzalwa.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesishiyagalombili, umntwana usuke esenobude obungamasentimitha angu-17-18 futhi enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-1.5.

Inyanga 9 (amasonto 33-36)

• Isonto 33: Wonke amathambo omntwana ayaqina, ngaphandle kwamathambo ekhanda. Amathambo ekhanda athambile ngakho angaphuma kalula ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
• Isonto 36: Izinwele ezinhle zomntwana (i-lanugo) ziyanyamalala. Izinwele ziyakhula ekhanda.

Ekupheleni kwenyanga yesishiyagalolunye, umntwana usuke esenobude obungamasentimitha angu-17-19 futhi enesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-1.5-1.

Inyanga 10 (amasonto 37-40)

Ungaqala ukubeletha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi phakathi nale nyanga yokugcina.

• Isonto lama-37: Isimo somntwana siyashintsha, elungiselela ukuzalwa. Ngokuvamile ikhanda liyaphenduka liye phansi bese liwela ethangeni.
• Isonto lama-39: Umntwana usekhule ngokugcwele manje (Isikhathi Esigcwele) . Ulungele ukungena emhlabeni!
• Isonto lama-40: Leli yisonto losuku lwakho lokuzalwa olulindelekile. Uma unezimpawu zokubeletha, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ake sifunde ngamaviki okugcina okukhulelwa.

Cishe uke wezwa odokotela besebenzisa amagama ahlukene lapho bekhuluma ngamaviki okugcina okukhulelwa kwakho. La magama abhekisela ekutheni ingane yakho izozalwa ngesikhathi, kusenesikhathi, noma sekwephuzile. Lokhu kubalulekile ekunqumeni izinkinga ezingaba khona ingane yakho engase ibhekane nazo.

Eminye imibuzo evamile ongase ube nayo

Ngingazi ngokushesha kangakanani ukuthi ngikhulelwe?

Kusukela ngesikhathi ukhulelwa, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi `(Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin - HCG)`. Lena yi-hormone etholakala ngokuhlolwa komchamo ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi amazinga ale hormone akhuphuke afike ezingeni elingatholakala ngokuhlolwa. Ngokuvamile, ungakwazi ukukwazi lokhu ngokuqinisekile amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane ngemva kokuya esikhathini kwakho kokugcina.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana nokukhulelwa okusha?

Ngemva kokuba ukuhlolwa kokukhulelwa ekhaya kuqinisekisile ukuthi ukhulelwe, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu ukuze uhlele isikhathi sakho sokuqala sokubonana nodokotela.

Njengoba ukhuluma, udokotela uyakubuza ukuthi uthatha i-vitamin yokukhulelwa. Lokhu kuqukethe i-folic acid . I-folic acid ibalulekile ekukhuleni kahle kobuchopho bomntwana kanye nomgogodla (ithubhu yemizwa). Yingakho odokotela beluleka ukuthi uthathe i-folic acid ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Uma ungakakwenzi lokho, udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uqale ngokushesha okukhulu.