Ingabe unenkinga efana nale ngemithambo yakho yegazi? Ake sifunde nge-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)!

Wake wezwa ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)? Mhlawumbe akunjalo. Kuyisimo esingavamile kancane. Kodwa kungaba kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngaso. Ngoba sihlobene nokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngale-FMD ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD)?

Kalula nje, i-Fibromuscular Dysplasia , noma i-FMD njengoba siyibiza kanjalo, ukukhula okungavamile kwamangqamuzana ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi iyini imithambo yegazi. Imithambo yegazi iyimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni yethu liye kuzo zonke ezinye izicubu zomzimba wethu. Njengesistimu yamapayipi ethwala amanzi esuka ethangini lamanzi eya kuzo zonke izingxenye zendlu, le mithambo yegazi nayo ihlinzeka ngegazi emzimbeni wethu.

Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalesi simo se-FMD, imithambo yakho yegazi, okungukuthi, imithambo yegazi, ingavimbeka, ivuvuke, noma ibukeke njengochungechunge lwama-beads, ivimbeke kwezinye izindawo futhi ivuvuke kwezinye izindawo . Cabanga ukuthi uma ipayipi lamanzi livimbekile futhi lichotshozwa kwezinye izindawo, lizovimba ukugeleza kwamanzi, futhi le-FMD ingavimba nokugeleza kwegazi.

Yimiphi imithambo yegazi engathinteka yi-FMD?

Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-FMD, singathinta imithambo yegazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zemithambo yegazi engathinteka:

• Imithambo ye-carotid: Le mithambo itholakala entanyeni yakho. Le mithambo ithwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni yakho liye ebuchosheni bakho. Uma kwenzeka okuthile kule mithambo, inani legazi eliya ebuchosheni bakho lingancipha.
• Imithambo yezinso: Le mithambo ithwala igazi lisuka enhliziyweni yakho liye ezinso zakho, okuyizitho ezibalulekile ezihlunga imfucuza emizimbeni yethu.
• Imithambo yenhliziyo: Lena yimithambo enikeza igazi enhliziyweni uqobo. Le mithambo kumele ibe nempilo ukuze inhliziyo isebenze kahle.
• Imithambo ye-Mesenteric: Le mithambo ithwala igazi iye emathunjini akho. Kudingeka isebenze kahle ukuze igaye ukudla esikudlayo.
• Eminye imithambo yegazi: Ngaphezu kwalokhu, i-FMD ingathinta nemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho, ezingalweni, noma kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-FMD?

I-FMD ingathinta noma ubani, kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo. Ngokumangalisayo, iziguli ezingaphezu kuka-90% ze-FMD ngabesifazane . Ivame kakhulu nakubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-70 .

Futhi, kunezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezingaba nezimpawu ezifana neze-FMD. Ngakho-ke, odokotela nabo bakhathazekile ngalezi zimo:

• I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
• I-Loeys-Dietz syndrome
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis
• Isifo sikaWilliams
• I-Vasculitis yemithambo yegazi emikhulu (`I-vasculitis yemithambo emikhulu`)
• I-atherosclerosis
• Ukwelashwa kwemithambo ye-systemic

Ivame kangakanani i-FMD?

Eqinisweni, kunzima kososayensi ukusho ngqo ukuthi bangaki abantu abane-FMD. Ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi abanazo izimpawu , noma kutholakale ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesinye isimo, ungase ube nalesi simo, kodwa ungase ungazi.

Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-FMD?

I-FMD ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe ekubukekeni kwemithambo lapho odokotela beyihlola.

1. I-Multifocal FMD: Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu . Kulolu hlobo, imithambo yegazi ibukeka njengentambo yama-bead . Okusho ukuthi, imithambo yegazi iyavuleka ezindaweni ezithile, bese incishiswa, incishiswe futhi, incishiswe futhi... ngendlela efana naleyo.

2. I-Focal FMD: Lolu hlobo aluvamile kakhulu . Luhilela ukuvaleka komthambo noma ukwakheka kwezicubu ezingavamile (izilonda) ezindongeni zomthambo.

Yini ebangela i-FMD?

Ngeshwa, ososayensi abakayitholi imbangela ethile ye-FMD, kodwa kucatshangwa ukuthi kunezici eziningana ezihilelekile:

• Izici zofuzo: Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungaba yifa.
• Ama-hormone: Kusolwa ukuthi izinguquko emazingeni ama-hormone emzimbeni zingase zihileleke, ikakhulukazi njengoba zivame kakhulu kwabesifazane.
• Ukulimala odongeni lwemithambo: Izindonga zemithambo zingonakaliswa izinto ezifana nokucindezeleka okuphindaphindiwe.
• Ezinye izici, njengokubhema, zingenza i-FMD ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma ubhema, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-FMD?

Izimpawu ze-FMD ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi umthambo uthintekile . Abanye abantu abane-FMD bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu . Kodwa-ke, abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezibangelwa ukuvinjelwa kokugeleza kwegazi. Lezi zifaka:

• Isisho: Uma udokotela elalele intamo noma isisu sakho nge-stethoscope, kuzwakala umsindo ongavamile 'wokubhonga' kanye nomsindo wegazi eligeleza.
• I-Vertigo: Umuzwa wokuzungeza noma wokujikeleza nxazonke zakho.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma umfutho wegazi ongalawuleki.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu le-migraine.
• Ubuhlungu bentamo.
• Ukuzwa umsindo 'wokukhala' noma ukukhala ezindlebeni.

Cabanga nje, uNilanthi uhlala edidekile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi uzwa umsindo ongajwayelekile uvela ezindlebeni zakhe. Wayecabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyinto evamile. Kodwa lapho udokotela emhlola, wezwa umsindo othi "Bruit" uvela entanyeni yakhe. Kwakungemva kokuhlolwa okwengeziwe lapho athola khona ukuthi une-FMD.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ezingabangelwa yi-FMD?

Uma i-FMD ingaphathwa kahle, ingaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu zempilo , ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu.

• I-Aneurysm: Ubuthakathaka bomthambo ovuvukala njengebhaluni. Lokhu kungenzeka emthambo osebuchosheni (i-'brain aneurysm') noma emthambo osesiswini (i-'abdominal artery aneurysm'). Uma lokhu kuqhuma, kungaba yingozi empilweni.
• Ukuqhekeka kwemithambo: Ukudabuka odongeni lwangaphakathi lomthambo. Isibonelo, lokhu kungenzeka emthanjeni we-carotid (ukuqhekeka kwe-carotid) noma emthanjeni wenhliziyo (ukuqhekeka kwemithambo yenhliziyo okuzenzekelayo).
• Isifo sohlangothi.
• Ukuhlasela kwe-ischemic okuhamba kancane (i-TIA), okubizwa nangokuthi i-mini-stroke.

Lezi yizinkinga eziyinhloko ezingabangelwa yi-FMD. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unezimpawu.

Itholakala kanjani i-FMD?

Ngezinye izikhathi i-FMD itholakala ngengozi lapho udokotela enza ukuhlolwa okuvamile (isibonelo, ukuzwa umsindo 'wokubhonga'). Noma ingatholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwesinye isimo.

Uma udokotela esola ukuthi une-FMD, angase acele ukuhlolwa okufana nalokhu:

• I-CT scan.
• Ukuskena kwe-MRI (`MRI`).
• Ukuskena kwe-Ultrasound (`I-Ultrasound`).
• I-Angiography: Lokhu kusebenzisa into ekhethekile kanye ne-X-rays ukubheka imithambo yakho yemithambo.

Lezi zivivinyo zingabona ngokucacile izinguquko emithanjeni yegazi, ukuvaleka kwayo, kanye nokuvuvukala kwayo.

Ingabe i-FMD ingelapheka ngokuphelele?

Ngeshwa, okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa kwe-FMD . Okusho ukuthi, akukho ukwelashwa kwayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-FMD?

Ukwelashwa kwe-FMD kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi imiphi imithambo ethintekile, ubukhulu besifo, kanye nezimpawu zakho. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi:

• Imithi yokunciphisa igazi (imithi yokulwa nama-platelet noma imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala): Lokhu kuvimbela igazi ekujiyeni futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezimo ezifana nesifo sohlangothi.
• Imithi yomfutho wegazi ophakeme: Isibonelo, imithi efana ne-'ACE inhibitors' kanye ne-'Angiotensin receptor blockers'.
• Ukwelashwa kwekhanda elibuhlungu kanye nobuhlungu:Ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziswa izinto ezifana ne-aspirin noma imijovo ye-botulinum toxin (Botox®).
• I-Angioplasty: Kule nqubo, ibhaluni elincane kakhulu lidluliselwa nge-catheter liye emthanjeni, bese livuthelwa ukuze livule indawo evinjiwe.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezifana ne-aneurysms noma kudalwe izindlela ezintsha zokugeleza kwegazi.

Udokotela wakho uzonquma indlela yokwelapha efaneleka kakhulu kuwe.

Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvimbela i-FMD?

Njengoba izimbangela eziqondile ze-FMD zingakaziwa, ayikho indlela eqondile yokuyivimbela . Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ikakhulukazi ukugwema ukubhema , njengoba ukubhema kungenza i-FMD ibe yimbi kakhulu.

Ingakanani isikhathi sokuphila nge-FMD?

Iningi labantu abane-FMD lingaphila impilo evamile . Kodwa-ke, ezimweni ezingavamile, uma enye yalezo zi-aneurysms esikhulume ngazo ngaphambili iqhuma, ingabangela ukopha kanye nesifo sohlangothi, ukulimala kwemizwa okungapheli, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokufa. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.

Uma une-FMD, uzinakekela kanjani?

Uma utholakale une-FMD, kubalulekile ukuthi uthwale umthwalo wemfanelo ngempilo yakho. Ungenza lezi zinto:

• Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho njalo.
• Uma ubhema, yeka ngokushesha. Yeka nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo kagwayi. Lokhu kungenza isifo se-FMD sibe sibi kakhulu.
• Qiniseka ukuthi uya njalo ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha kanye nokuqokwa. Kungadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe igazi emithanjeni okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
• Thatha yonke imithi oyinikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele.

Abanye abantu abane-FMD bakuthola kuwusizo ukujoyina amaqembu okusekelana lapho abanye abantu abanalesi simo bengabelana khona ngolwazi, futhi baqwashise ngocwaningo lwe-FMD.

Kunini lapho umuntu one-FMD kufanele afune khona iseluleko sezokwelapha?

Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uzifunele usizo lwezokwelapha uma une-FMD. Lokhu kungahluka kuye ngokuthi umthambo uthintekile.

Ikakhulukazi, abantu abane-FMD kufanele baqaphele izimpawu zesifo sohlangothi . Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuzumayo:

• Ukudideka.
• Ukuzungeza, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, noma ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda okushiwoyo.
• Izinkinga zokubona.
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukuba ndikindiki ebusweni, engalweni, noma emlenzeni (ikakhulukazi ohlangothini olulodwa lomzimba).

Uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha.Yebo, ngoba isifo sohlangothi siyisimo esiphuthumayo esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule kulokho esikhulume ngakho yilezi:

Kulungile, ngakho-ke sikhulume kakhulu nge-fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) namuhla. Nakuba kuyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ngithemba ukuthi ungasiqonda kalula.

I-FMD yisimo lapho amaseli odongeni lwemithambo yegazi ekhula ngendlela engavamile, okwenza imithambo yegazi inciphe, ivuvuke, noma ibonakale njengentambo yama-beads.

Nakuba imbangela eqondile yalokhu ingaziwa, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu, ikakhulukazi abesifazane. Akubona bonke abantu abathola izimpawu, kodwa labo abazitholayo bangase babe nesiyezi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, nomsindo ongajwayelekile entanyeni yabo. Into eyingozi kakhulu ukuthi ingaholela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njenge-aneurysms kanye nohlangothi.

Ngenhlanhla, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene ne-FMD, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Bangakwazi ukwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo futhi bakunikeze ukwelashwa ukuze banciphise izimpawu futhi bavimbele izinkinga. Ukuyeka ukubhema, ukulawula umfutho wegazi, kanye nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha konke kubalulekile ukuze uphile impilo enempilo nge-FMD.

Uma uneminye imibuzo, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi. Hlala uphilile!

I- Fibromuscular dysplasia, i-FMD, isifo semithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-aneurysm, isifo sohlangothi