Ingabe umzimba wakho uzizwa ubuthakathaka futhi unenkinga yokululama ekuguleni? Ake sixoxe 'ngobuthakathaka'!

Wake wazizwa sengathi ukhathele kakhulu ukuba ungavuka embhedeni ngisho noma uphethwe umkhuhlane? Noma ukuthi awunawo amandla okwenza izinto owawuzenza? Lokhu kungase kungabi umphumela wokuguga nje kuphela. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Frailty' . Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abangazi ngayo ngempela, kodwa sonke kudingeka siyazi.

Kalula nje, kuyini 'i-Frailty'?

Kalula nje, ubuthakathaka buwukulahlekelwa amandla omzimba wakho okululama ekuguleni noma ekulimaleni. Kufana nokuthi 'amandla okusekela' omzimba wakho anciphile . Ngisho nezinto ezincane zingaba nomthelela omkhulu. Akukhona nje ngamandla akho omzimba. Impilo yakho yengqondo, ukusebenza kobuchopho, kanye nokuqina konke kuhilelekile. Ubuthakathaka abenzeki ngobusuku obubodwa, kuyisimo esiqhubekayo kancane kancane. Ngezinye izikhathi bungashintsha, kodwa buyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.

Cabanga ngempilo yakho njenge-akhawunti yasebhange. Konke esikwenzayo - kusukela ekuphefumuleni kuya ekulaleni, kusukela ekugezeni kuya ekudleni - 'kukhokhelwa' kule akhawunti. Futhi uma sigula noma sinengozi, sidinga amandla avela kule akhawunti ukuze silulame. Uma unemali eningi, okungukuthi, amandla, 'ku-akhawunti yakho yezempilo', kulapho uqhelelana khona 'nobuthakathaka'. Kodwa uma le akhawunti iphela, okungukuthi, uma umzimba wakho ungenawo amandla anele okwenza ngisho nemisebenzi yansuku zonke, yilapho uba 'nobuthakathaka'. Kufana nokungena 'ekukhokheni imali eningi'. Khona-ke umzimba wakho udinga usizo oluvela ngaphandle.

Ngakho-ke yiziphi izici ze-'Frailty'?

Uma une-'Frailty', ungase ube nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi: ukuzizwa ukhathele ngisho nangemva kokwenza imisebenzi emincane, ukuzizwa ulele usuku lonke.
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha nokulahlekelwa amandla: Kuzwakala sengathi kunzima ukuphakamisa izinsimbi obukwazi ukuziphakamisa, noma ngisho nokuvuka esihlalweni.
• Ukuhamba kancane, ubunzima bokuhamba: Ijubane lokuhamba liyehla, ngezinye izikhathi ngokuxhuga.
• Ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi: Ngokuvamile ukuwa noma ukuwa.
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba umchamo (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba) noma ukungakwazi ukuzibamba kwamathumbu (ukungakwazi ukuzibamba) uma ujabule noma uhleka.
• Ukungabaza ukuphuma nokuchitha isikhathi nabangani noma nezihlobo (ukuzihlukanisa nabantu).
• Kungaba khona umuzwa wokudabuka nokungabi nasithakazelo kunoma yini ('Ukucindezeleka').
• Ukudinga usizo kwabanye ukuze wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokudla, ukugqoka, nokugeza wedwa.
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungahlosiwe:Uma wehlisa isisindo ngamakhilogremu ambalwa phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, lokho nakho kuyisibonakaliso.

Kungani lokhu 'kungaba yingozi' kwenzeka?

Ubuthakathaka buvela lapho umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amandla okululama ekuguleni noma ekulimaleni. Lokhu kungenzeka kancane kancane ngenxa yezimo ezingapheli osuzisebenzise isikhathi eside, imithi ethile oyiphuzayo, ukudla okungenampilo , kanye nokuntuleka kokuzilolonga ngokomzimba .

Uyakhumbula leyo ndaba ethi 'akhawunti yezempilo' engikutshele ngayo ngaphambilini? Izinto ezisisiza silondoloze impilo enhle zifana 'nezimali' ezifakwa kuleyo akhawunti. Zisiza ekuvimbeleni 'ubuthaka'.

• Izakhi zofuzo zakho, umlando wezokwelapha womndeni, kanye nendlela okhula ngayo kusukela ebuntwaneni kuya ekubeni umuntu omdala. Lokhu kunzima kithi ukulawula, kodwa kubalulekile ukukwazi.
• Ukwenza ukuzivocavoca umzimba okufanele.
• Ukudla ukudla okuhle nokunomsoco.
• Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka.

Futhi, kunezinto ezikhipha amandla ku-akhawunti yethu yezempilo, njengokuthi 'ukukhipha imali'. Lezi yizinto ezingaba nomthelela 'ku-Frailty':

• Izifo zesikhashana ezifana nomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, kanye nokudla okunobuthi.
• Ukulimala okuncane njengokuqhekeka kwemisipha nokucindezeleka kanye nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka.
• Izifo zesikhathi eside kanye nezingozi ezinkulu njengokuphuka kwezinqe.

Izimo ezingamahlalakhona zithinta kanjani?

Uma unezimo ezingamahlalakhona eziningi, kulapho amathuba okuba ube nobuthakathaka khona maningi. Izinkinga ezinjengalezi zingaba nomthelela ebuthakathakeni noma zikwenze kube kubi kakhulu:

• Izinkinga zamathambo: Izimo ezifana ne -'Osteopenia' noma i-'Osteoporosis', lapho amathambo eba mancane futhi aphuke kalula.
• Izinkinga ezihlobene nobuchopho: Ukuphazamiseka kokunyakaza , izifo ezifana ne-dementia ezithinta inkumbulo kanye nekhono lokucabanga.
• Izifo zenhliziyo kanye nohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi: Isibonelo , isifo senhliziyo.
• Izinkinga zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela: Izifo ezizenzakalelayo njenge- Multiple Sclerosis kanye ne-Rheumatoid Arthritis .
• Izinkinga zamalunga: izinto ezifana ne -arthritis , ukushintshwa kwamalunga, njll.
• Izinguquko ekusebenzeni komzimba kanye nesisindo/imisipha: Ukukhuluphala, Ukukhuluphala, Ukuncipha Kwemisipha (i-Sarcopenia) noma i-Diabetes Mellitus.
• Izifo zezitho zangaphakathi njengesibindi nezinso.
• Izifo zesimiso sokuphefumula: Izimo ezifana ne -asthma kanye nesifo esingamahlalakhona sokuphazamiseka kwamaphaphu (i-COPD) .

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuba 'nobuthakathaka'?

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi izici ezilandelayo zandisa ingozi yokuba nobuthakathaka:

• Ubudala: Cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabayi-10 abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 angase abe nobuthakathaka. Leli nani liyakhuphuka liye koyedwa kwabayi-4 abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-85. Kodwa akugcini nje ngobudala, kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
• Ukugula noma ukulimala okukhulu: Uma isimo siba sibi kakhulu, kulapho ingozi yokuba buthakathaka khona iba nkulu. Isibonelo, i-sepsis (engalimaza izitho zomzimba unomphela) kanye nokuqhekeka kwezinqe.
• Ukwelashwa kwezifo noma ukulimala okukhulu: Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingakufaka engcupheni impilo yakho, kodwa odokotela bayakutusa ngemva kokuhlola izinzuzo nezingozi. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe , noma ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa izitho lapho izitho zihluleka.
• Izimo zokuzalwa: Ezinye izingane zingase zibe nobuthakathaka ngenxa yezifo zenhliziyo ezizalwa nazo . Lezi zimo zokuzalwa nazo zingandisa ingozi yobuthakathaka ngisho nangemva kobuntwana.
• Inethiwekhi yokusekela: Lapho benquma ukuthi ubuthakathaka yini, odokotela bazobheka nokuthi unabo yini umndeni, abangani, kanye nabantu obajwayele abangakusiza. Ukuntuleka kwalolu sizo kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuba buthakathaka, njengoba kungenza kube nzima ukudla, ukuphuza imithi, ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini yomphakathi, kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa 'ye-Frailty'?

Ubuthakathaka bungabangela izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Kunciphisa amasosha omzimba wakho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izifo ezintsha zingavela kalula futhi izifo ezikhona zingathatha isikhathi eside ukuphulukiswa.
• Kukhulisa ingozi yokulimala. Ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu, futhi kungathatha isikhathi eside ukuphola.
• Kwenza ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nesifo esincane singaphenduka isimo esiyingozi nesisongela ukuphila.
• Kukhawulela ukwelashwa ongakuthola. Abantu ababuthakathaka bangase bangakwazi ukwenza ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha ngokuphephile.
• Kungabangela ukukhubazeka.
• Ulahlekelwa ukuzimela kwakho.Abantu ababuthakathaka bangase bangakwazi ukuhlala bodwa emakhaya abo.
• Kufinyeza isikhathi sokuphila. Lapho izinkinga zempilo ziqoqana futhi ziba zimbi kakhulu, zingaba yingozi empilweni ngenxa 'yobuthakathaka'.

Odokotela bakuthola kanjani ubuthakathaka?

Kunezindlela eziningana udokotela angaxilonga ngazo ubuthakathaka. Eziyinhloko ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nokusebenzisa izikali ezahlukene zobuthakathaka noma izinhlelo zokulinganisa . Lezi zikali zingasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume ukuthi ubuthakathaka yini nokuthi, uma kunjalo, bukhulu kangakanani.

Kunezikali nezinhlelo zokulinganisa ezingaphezu kweshumi ezisetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele. Akukho ukuvumelana okuvamile ngokuthi enye ingcono kunenye. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ezinhlanu eziyinhloko eziningi zalezi zinhlelo ezifana ngazo:

• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngokungenhloso (okungenani amakhilogremu angu-10 noma amakhilogremu angu-4.5 ngonyaka odlule).
• Ukwehla kwamandla okubamba isandla ( uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abaneminyaka yakho nohlobo lomzimba).
• Ukulahlekelwa amandla noma amandla, ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane noma isivinini sokuhamba esinciphile.
• Izinga lomsebenzi womzimba elinciphile.

Ochwepheshe bavame ukusebenzisa izindlela zokulinganisa amandla omzimba, njengamandla okubamba, ukuze bahlole ukuthi 'unobuthakathaka' yini. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezenza abantu bakholelwe ngephutha ukuthi 'ububuthakathaka' bumane buwubuthakathaka obungokwenyama.

Lezi zikali kanye nendlela ezisebenzisa ngayo lezi zici kuyahlukahluka. Ezinye izikali ziphinde zicabangele nezinye izici, njengokusebenza kwengqondo yakho, ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, kanye nokuthi ngabe unenethiwekhi yokusekela .

Ezinye izivivinyo zingenziwa kuye ngezidingo zakho. Isibonelo, ukulinganisa i-Body Mass Index (BMI) ukuhlola ukulahleka kwemisipha, noma ukuhlolwa kwengozi yokuwa . Udokotela wakho uzokutshela okwengeziwe ngezivivinyo ezingase zinconywe.

Kuphathwa kanjani ubuthakathaka?

Ubuthakathaka bungaphathwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi bungalungiswa ngokwelashwa nokusekelwa. Nazi ezinye zezindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswayo ukwenza lokhu:

• Ukuphatha Izimo Ezihlobene Nobuthakathaka: Ukwelapha kahle ezinye izimo zakho zezokwelapha kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka emzimbeni wakho futhi kukusize ululame.
• Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Lokhu kungandisa amandla omzimba, ukukhuthazela, futhi kuthuthukise ibhalansi.
• Izinhlelo zokuvuselela ezikhethekile: Lezi zinhlelo zokuvuselela zisiza abantu ukuba balulame ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu eziye zaba nomthelela ebuthakathakeni. Isibonelo, ukuvuselelwa kwamaphaphu kanye nokuvuselelwa kwenhliziyo .
• Ukusekelwa kokudla okunempilo: Ukusebenza nochwepheshe wezokudla kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuntuleka kwamavithamini namaminerali, noma kuxazulule izinkinga ezihlobene nesisindo (ukukhuluphala ngokweqile/ukukhuluphala ngokweqile) okwandisa ingozi yokuba buthakathaka.
• Izinhlelo zomsebenzi womzimba: Lezi zivame ukuba yimisebenzi yamaqembu. Zikusiza ukuthi uhlale usebenza emphakathini nangokomzimba. Lokhu kuhle empilweni yakho yengqondo kanye nenhlalakahle iyonke.
• Ukusekelwa komphakathi: Ngenxa yobuthakathaka, ungadinga usizo olwengeziwe ngemisebenzi yasekhaya kanye nokunakekelwa. Kunezinhlangano nezinhlelo emphakathini ezihlinzeka ngalezi zinsizakalo. Lokhu kungaba yindlela eyodwa yokuhlala ekhaya noma ngabe unobuthakathaka.
• Ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi eside: Uma ubuthakathaka bakho bukhulu futhi ungakwazi ukuhlala ekhaya, izindawo zokuhlala ezisizayo noma zokuhlala ndawonye kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu kuwe. Uma ubuthakathaka bakho bukhulu kakhulu, indawo yokunakekela abahlengikazi abanekhono (ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi ikhaya lokunakekela abahlengikazi) ingaba yindlela engcono kakhulu. Uma ubuthakathaka obukhulu, obuphela empilweni, ungadinga ukunakekelwa kwe-hospice .

Kuye ngezimo nezidingo zakho ezithile, kungase kube nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo. Udokotela wakho angakutshela ngazo.

Iyini inhloso yesimo 'seFrailty'?

Umbono wobuthakathaka uncike ekutheni bukhulu kangakanani nokuthi bungaguqulwa yini. Uma ubuthakathaka bungaguqulwa, umbono muhle. Uma kungenjalo, into elandelayo engcono ukulawula ubuthakathaka obunzima, noma okungenani ukuvimba ukuthi bungabi bubi kakhulu. Ubuthakathaka buhlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Ngakho udokotela wakho angasichaza kangcono isimo sakho.

Ingabe ubuthakathaka bungavinjelwa?

Ubuthakathaka abunakuvinjelwa isikhathi esingu-100%. Kodwa kunezindlela zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuba nabo. Lokhu kuvame ukuhilela ukuzigcina uphilile ngangokunokwenzeka nokuphatha noma ukugwema izinkinga ezibangela ubuthakathaka. Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ongazithatha:

• Hlala umatasa ngokomzimba. Izinto ezifana nokuhamba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku nokwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya.
• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Gxila ekudleni okunempilo. Yidla imifino eminingi, imifino, izithelo, kanye nokudla okune-fiber eningi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ('Ukunakekelwa kokuvimbela kanye nokuhlolwa') ngezikhathi ezithile.
• Landela imikhuba emihle yokugeza izandla ukuze uzivikele ezifweni.
• Ukugqoka amabhande esihlalo uma ugibela izimoto futhi usebenzisa izimpahla zokuzivikela ukuze uvimbele ukulimala ekhanda.
• Ukuvimbela izingozi ekhaya, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa ukuwa. Izinto ezifana nokususa izindawo ezishelelayo ekhaya nokufaka izibani ukuze kube nokukhanya ebusuku.

Uma usuvele uphila nobuthakathaka, lezi zinyathelo zingasiza ekulawuleni nasekuguquleni lesi simo. Kuye ngendlela ophila ngayo, izidingo zakho, kanye nezintandokazi zakho, kungase kube nezinye izinto ongazenza ukuze uvimbele ubuthakathaka. Umhlinzeki wakho wokunakekelwa okuyinhloko angakunikeza isiqondiso neseluleko ngalokhu.

Umyalezo obaluleke kakhulu okufanele uwuthathe uye nawo ekhaya

Ubuthakathaka abukhona nje ubuthakathaka obungokomzimba. Kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho unenkinga yokubhekana nokucindezeleka kokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ubuthakathaka buvame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-65, kodwa akwenzeki kubo bonke abantu njengoba bekhula. Akukaze kube sekuseni kakhulu ukuthatha izinyathelo zokubuvimbela noma zokububambezela. Uma unobuthakathaka manje, akusho ukuthi kufanele uphile nabo phakade. Ukwelashwa okusekelayo nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungasiza ekubuyiseleni ubuthakathaka noma ukulawula ukuqhubeka kwabo. Ngisho noma lokho kungenzeki, kunezindlela zokuzama ukugcina izinga lempilo yakho isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho, ngaphandle kokwesaba noma ukuhlazeka.

Ubuthakathaka , ubuthakathaka, ukuguga, ukuntuleka kwamandla, izifo ezingamahlalakhona, impilo, impilo enhle, impilo yabantu asebekhulile