Uke wezwa muva nje amagama athi 'umfutho wamehlo ophezulu' noma 'i-glaucoma'? Mhlawumbe wena noma othandekayo wakho ubhekene nalesi sifo. Kungazwakala kungaphezu kwamandla, ikakhulukazi ukwazi ukuthi umfutho wangaphakathi kwamehlo ungabangela umonakalo ohlala njalo ekuboneni kwakho. Kodwa ngicela ungakhathazeki—imithi yesimanje isithuthuke kakhulu. Enye indlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu futhi ephephile etholakalayo namuhla inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-goniotomy. Ake sihlole ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani, nokuthi kungasiza kanjani ekuvikeleni ukubona kwakho.
Ngamagama Alula: Kuyini i-Goniotomy?
I-goniotomy inqubo ekhethekile yamehlo eyenzelwe ukwehlisa ingcindezi yangaphakathi kweso (IOP) . Iwela ngaphansi kwesigaba se- Microinvasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS) . "Microinvasive" kusho ukuthi udokotela ohlinzayo usebenzisa amathuluzi anembile kakhulu, amancane kakhulu ukwenza le nqubo, ukunciphisa ukulimala kweso nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa okusheshayo.
Ngaphakathi kweso lakho, uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-aqueous humor luhlala lukhiqizwa futhi lukhishwa amanzi. Uma lolu hlelo lokukhipha amanzi luvinjiwe noma lungasebenzi kahle, uketshezi luyanqwabelana, okubangela ukuba ingcindezi engaphakathi kweso lakho ikhuphuke. Lokhu kucindezela okuphezulu kungaholela ku-glaucoma. I-goniotomy isebenza ngokususa ukuvaleka kwendlela yemvelo yokukhipha amanzi iso, okuvumela uketshezi ukuthi lugeleze ngokukhululeka futhi kunciphise ingcindezi yangaphakathi kweso. Ngokwenza kanjalo, ivikela i-optic nerve yakho ekulimaleni okungenakuguqulwa futhi igcina ukubona kwakho okuyigugu.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvimbeleni ukulahlekelwa umbono okuqhubekayo , akunakubuyisela emuva umonakalo osuvele wenzeke. Yingakho ukutholakala kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa kwe-glaucoma ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu.
Le nqubo ihloselwe ubani?
Ngokomlando, i-goniotomy yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinsaneni nasezinganeni ezincane ezitholakale zine-glaucoma yokuzalwa (i-congenital glaucoma) . Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yentuthuko emangalisayo kwezobuchwepheshe bamehlo kanye namasu okuhlinzwa, manje isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi ngempumelelo ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-glaucoma nakubantu abadala.
Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele ukuze anqume ukuthi i-goniotomy iyindlela yokwelapha efaneleke kakhulu yohlobo lwakho oluthile kanye nesigaba se-glaucoma.
Indlela Yokulungiselela Ukuhlinzwa
Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokuqondisa ngenqubo yokulungiselela futhi aphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo. Ngokuvamile, ukulungiselela kwakho kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa kuzobandakanya:
- Ukubukeza Imithi Yakho: Kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo njengamanje, okuhlanganisa imithi kadokotela, imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela, amavithamini, kanye nezithasiselo zamakhambi. Ungase welulekwe ukuthi uyeke okwesikhashana ukuthatha imithi ethile (ikakhulukazi imithi yokunciphisa igazi) ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwenqubo.
- Ukuqonda i-Anesthesia: Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ukhululekile ngokuphelele futhi ungenabuhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo, kuzonikezwa i-anesthesia. Lokhu kungafaka i-anesthesia yendawo (amaconsi okudambisa noma umjovo ozungeze iso ukuze uqede indawo ngenkathi usaphapheme) noma i-anesthesia ejwayelekile, kuye ngokuthi impilo yakho kanye nezinga lakho lokududuzeka lingakanani. Udokotela wakho we-anesthesia uzoxoxa nawe ngenketho engcono kakhulu.
- Imiyalelo Yokuzila Ukudla: Cishe uzocelwa ukuba ugweme ukudla noma yikuphi ukudla okuqinile cishe amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Uketshezi oluhlanzekile (njengamanzi) luvame ukuvunyelwa kuze kube amahora amabili ngaphambi kwenqubo. Sicela ulandele iziqondiso zokuzila ukudla zethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokunembile.
Indlela Ukuhlinzwa Okwenziwa Ngayo
Nakuba ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kungase kuzwakale kusabisa, i-goniotomy iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulaliswa esibhedlela. Ngokuvamile kuthatha imizuzu eyi-15 kuya kwengama-30 kuphela ukuyenza.
1. I-Anesthesia: Okokuqala, kunikezwa amaconsi okudambisa izinhlungu noma umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi senqubo.
2. Ukusika Okuncane Kancane: Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzokwenza ukusika okuncane kakhulu (cishe amamilimitha angu-1 kuya kwangu-2) ku-cornea (ifasitela elingaphambili elicacile leso lakho).
3. Ukufaka Amathuluzi Akhethekile: Ngalesi simbozo esincane, kufakwa ithuluzi elincane elikhethekile ngokucophelela. Ilensi yokubuka ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi ilensi ye-gonioscopic ibekwa ebusweni belihlo lakho, okuvumela udokotela ohlinzayo ukuba abone kahle futhi akhulise uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi lwangaphakathi lweso.
4. Ukuvula Indlela Yokukhipha Amanzi: Ngaphakathi kweso, kukhona ungqimba lwezicubu oluyi-spong olunesibopho sokuhlunga uketshezi, olwaziwa ngokuthi i- trabecular meshwork . Emehlweni ane-glaucoma, le meshwork ivalekile noma ayimelani nokugeleza kwamanzi. Udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzosebenzisa ithuluzi elincane ukwenza umgodi oqondile kulesi zicubu, egwema ukuvaleka futhi adale umzila oqondile wokukhipha uketshezi kalula, okwehlisa ngempumelelo ukucindezeleka kwamehlo akho.
5. Ukuphetha Inqubo: Uma isiteshi sesivuliwe, ithuluzi liyasuswa ngobumnene, bese kubekwa isivikelo samehlo esivikelayo phezu kweso lakho ukuze lihlale liphephile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuqala.
Ukunakekelwa Nokululama Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa
Ngemva kwenqubo, uzophumula endaweni yokululama isikhashana ngenkathi ithimba lakho lezokwelapha likuqapha. Uma usuphumile, uzovunyelwa ukuya ekhaya. Ngenxa yokuthi umbono wakho uzofiphala okwesikhashana futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uthole umuthi wokudambisa umzimba omncane, kufanele uhlele ukuba othile akushayele ekhaya ngokuphepha.
Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza amaconsi athile ahlo anemithi ukusiza ekwelapheni. Lokhu kuvame ukufaka amaconsi ahlo alwa namagciwane izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, kanye namaconsi alwa nokuvuvukala (ama-steroid) amasonto ambalwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuqinisekisa ukuthi indlela entsha yokukhipha amanzi ihlala ivulekile.
Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, kuyinto evamile ukuzwa ukudabuka okuncane, umbono ofiphele kancane, noma umuzwa wobuthi esweni (njengokungathi kunesihlabathi kulo). Lezi zimpawu zesikhashana futhi kufanele zithuthuke zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Iziqondiso Ezibalulekile Ngesikhathi Sokululama
| OKUFANELE UKUGWEME | OKUFANELE NGIKWENZE |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlikihla, ukuthinta, noma ukucindezela iso lakho. | Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi ngaphambi kokufaka amaconsi amehlo. |
| Ukufaka noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezimonyo zamehlo, okhilimu, noma ama-lotion azungeze iso. | Sebenzisa wonke amaconsi amehlo anikezwe imithi ngesikhathi esibekiwe njengoba kuqondiswe. |
| Ukugoba kusukela okhalweni noma ukuguqa phansi ikhanda lakho liphansi. | Gqoka izibuko zelanga uma iso lakho lizwela ukukhanya okukhulu noma ukukhanya kwangaphandle. |
| Ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo noma ukwenza imisebenzi enzima. | Yiba khona kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela ezihleliwe ukuze uqaphe ukucindezeleka kwamehlo akho. |
| Ukuzivocavoca okunamandla, ukugijima, ukubhukuda, noma ukusebenzisa ama-hot tub. | Qaphela kakhulu lapho ugeza noma ugeza ubuso bakho ukuze amanzi nensipho kungangeni esweni lakho eliphulukisayo. |
Ingabe Kukhona Izingozi Nezinkinga?
Izinkinga ezinkulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-goniotomy azivamile kakhulu . Njenganoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlinzwa, kunengozi encane yokutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, noma ukungakhululeki, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile kungaphathwa ngempumelelo.
Ezinye izinkinga ezithile ezingaba khona okufanele uziqaphele zifaka:
- Ukopha okuncane ngaphakathi kwegumbi elingaphambili leso (okwaziwa ngokuthi i-hyphema, evame ukuxazululeka yodwa phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwamabili).
- Ukwanda kwesikhashana kwengcindezi yangaphakathi kweso ngokushesha ngemva kwenqubo.
- Izinguquko ezincane embonweni wakho, njenge-astigmatism yesikhashana (i-Astigmatism) .
- Akuvamile kakhulu, umfutho wamehlo ophansi kakhulu (hypotony) noma inkinga enkulu njengokuqedwa kwe-retinal (ukuqedwa kwe-retinal) .
Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzoxoxa ngalezi zingozi ezingaba khona ngokuningiliziwe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uzizwa unolwazi oluphelele futhi ukhululekile.
Kufanele Ufune Nini Ukunakekelwa Kwezokwelapha Okuphuthumayo?
Ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho, sicela uxhumane nochwepheshe wamehlo wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo eziyisixwayiso:
- Ubuhlungu bamehlo obukhulu, obuba bubi kakhulu, noma obuhlabayo obungaphenduli emithini yokuqeda ubuhlungu.
- Ukulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo noma ukufiphala okusheshayo nokukhulu.
- Ukubona uthingo noma ama-halo (izindandatho ezinemibala) zizungeze izibani.
- Ukubomvu okukhulu noma okubi kakhulu kwamehlo, ukuvuvukala, noma uketshezi oluphuzi/oluhlaza (ubomvu) oluvela esweni.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu eziphuthumayo, xhumana nehhovisi likadokotela wamehlo ngokushesha noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzithathe (Umyalezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya)
- I-Goniotomy iyindlela yokuhlinzwa ephephile kakhulu, esebenza kahle, futhi engadingi ukungenelela okuningi eyenzelwe ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamehlo okubangelwa yi-glaucoma.
- Ngokudala indlela ecacile yokukhipha uketshezi olungaphakathi kweso, kunciphisa ingcindezi ukuze kuvikelwe inzwa yakho yokubona futhi kulondolozwe umbono wakho osele.
- Inqubo ishesha (ngokuvamile ithatha imizuzu engaphansi kwengu-30) futhi isikhathi sokululama ngokuvamile sikhululekile futhi silula.
- Ukulandela ngokucophelela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa—ikakhulukazi mayelana nezikhathi zemithi kanye nemikhawulo yemisebenzi—kubalulekile ukuze uthole umphumela ophumelelayo.
- Ukuya kuzo zonke izikhathi zokulandelela kubalulekile. Uma ubona noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso zezinkinga, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha.
I-Goniotomy, i-glaucoma, ingcindezi yamehlo, ingcindezi yangaphakathi kweso, ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo, ukwelashwa kwe-glaucoma, i-Nirogi Lanka
