Ingabe wena noma othandekayo wakho wake watshelwa udokotela ukuthi badinga ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi wethukile uma uzwa lawo mazwi. Ubani ongalithandi igama elithi "ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo," akunjalo? Kodwa uma usuwazi kahle ukuthi lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyini, ukwesaba kwakho kuzophela. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo ngamagama alula, ngolimi ongaluqonda.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa kwevalvu yenhliziyo kuwukuhlinzwa kokulungisa (ukulungisa) noma ukufaka esikhundleni sevalvu eyodwa noma ngaphezulu enhliziyweni yakho.
Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengendlu enamakamelo amane. Phakathi kwala makamelo amane kunezingxenye ezifana neminyango ezivumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-valve . Isikhathi ngasinye lapho inhliziyo ishaya, la ma-valve ayavuleka futhi avaleke, agcine igazi ligeleza ngendlela ehlelekile, eya ohlangothini olulodwa.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi la ma-valve ayagula. Noma awavali kahle bese igazi liqala ukuvuza emuva . Noma i-valve iyaqina futhi inciphe, ivimbe indlela yokuthi igazi ligeleze phambili . Noma kwenzekani, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukusebenza kahle. Lokho kusho ukuthi inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima kunalokho okufanele ukupompa igazi. Yilapho odokotela becabanga khona ngokuhlinzwa.
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zama-valve enhliziyweni yethu.
| Igama le-Valve | Indawo |
|---|---|
| Ivalvu yeTricuspid | Phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo |
| Ivalvu Yamaphaphu | Phakathi kwe-ventricle yesokudla nomthambo wamaphaphu |
| I-Mitral Valve | Phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo |
| I-Aortic Valve | Phakathi kwe-ventricle yesobunxele nomthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi emzimbeni (i-Aorta) |
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa?
Izici eziningana zizonquma uhlobo lokuhlinzwa ozokwenza. Isibonelo, iminyaka yakho, isimo senhliziyo yakho, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo. Udokotela uzokwenza izivivinyo ukuze anqume ukuthi iyiphi inkinga onayo nge-valve yakho nokuthi inzima kangakanani. Kulapho-ke kuphela lapho ezonquma khona ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokuhlinzwa engcono kakhulu kuwe.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa.
Ukuhlinzwa Kokulungisa Amavalvu
Lokhu kuhilela ukugcina ivalvu yakho ngangokunokwenzeka nokulungisa iphutha kuphela. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukukhetha kokuqala kodokotela abahlinzayo ngoba kuyinzuzo enkulu ukukwazi ukugcina izicubu zakho.
Ukuhlinzwa Kokufaka Ama-Valve
Ngezinye izikhathi ivalvu ingase yonakale kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa. Kuleso simo, ivalvu enephutha isuswa ngokuphelele bese kufakwa ivalvu entsha endaweni yayo. Le valve entsha ingaba ngeyokuphila (eyenziwe ngengulube, inkomo, noma izicubu zomuntu) noma ibe ngeyomshini (eyenziwe ngensimbi noma ngekhabhoni). Lezi zenzelwe ukulingana nomzimba, ngakho umzimba wakho ngeke uzenqabe.
Ingabe i-valve yenhliziyo ingaziphilisa ngokwayo?
Cha. Ngeke kwenzeke. Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu sonke okudingeka siyiqonde. Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo yisimo esiba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Nakuba imithi ingalawula izimpawu isikhathi esithile, ayiselaphi lesi sifo. Isixazululo esihlala njalo kuphela ukuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke uma udokotela wakho enquma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka, akuwona umqondo omuhle ukukuhlehlisa.
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukucatshangelwa lapho izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nesiyezi ziba zimbi kakhulu ukuba zingalawulwa ngemithi. Ngezinye izikhathi kuphephile ukuhlinzwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zivele.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Kuzodingeka wenze izivivinyo eziningana cishe ngosuku olulodwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
- I-X-ray yesifuba
- Ukuskena kwenhliziyo (i-Echocardiogram)
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram)
- Ukuskena kwe-CT
- Ukuhlolwa okufana nokufakwa kwe-catheter kwenhliziyo
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi
Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho ngemva kwamabili ebusuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Futhi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi oyithathayo bese uthola ukuthi yimiphi imithi okudingeka uyeke ukuyiphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa nokuthi yimiphi okudingeka uqhubeke uyiphuza.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa?
Uzoba ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia futhi ulale ubuthongo obukhulu phakathi nokuhlinzwa, ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision encane esifubeni sakho ukuze afinyelele inhliziyo yakho. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kuzosetshenziswa umshini okhethekile (umshini we-heart-lung) ukwenza umsebenzi wenhliziyo namaphaphu akho. Ithimba lezokwelapha lizobe selilungisa noma lishintsha i-valve. Lapho ukuhlinzwa sekuqediwe, inhliziyo izoqalwa kabusha futhi i-incision izovalwa.
| Indlela yokuhlinzwa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile kwendabuko | Kwenziwa ukusika okungamasentimitha angu-6-8 esifubeni. |
| Ukuhlinzwa okungangenisi kakhulu | Kusetshenziswa ukusika okungamasentimitha angu-3-4 noma okuncane. Ubuchwepheshe obusizwa yirobhothi bungasetshenziswa futhi. |
| Indlela ye-Transcatheter | Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuvula isifuba, ngokufaka ipayipi elincane (i-catheter) ngomthambo wegazi esinqeni. I-TAVR iyindlela eyaziwayo yalolu hlobo. |
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama?
Ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisishiyagalombili ukululama ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma uhlinzwe kancane, isikhathi sakho sokululama singase sibe sifushane.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, uzogcinwa egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, bese udluliselwa egunjini elijwayelekile. Uzohlala esibhedlela cishe izinsuku ezi-5-7. Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathele kancane ekuqaleni futhi uzwe ubuhlungu endaweni yokusika.
Khumbula lezi zinto ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho:
- Ungakhohlwa ukuya kunoma yiziphi izikhathi zokulandelela ezinikezwe udokotela.
- Ungaphakamisi izinsimbi ezisindayo (ezingaphezu kuka-7 kg) emasontweni okuqala angu-6-8.
- Ungashayeli ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Qala ukuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu. Okokuqala, ngaphakathi endlini, bese ukhulisa ibanga kancane kancane.
- Ungase ukwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini ngemva kwamasonto ayi-6-12. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
Kufanele ushayele nini udokotela wakho ucingo?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma kuvela izinkinga ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho.
| Isici okufanele usiqaphele | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubomvu obuzungeze indawo yokusikwa. | Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka. |
| Imfiva. | Esinye isibonakaliso sokutheleleka. Funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
| Ukwanda kwesisindo ngokuzumayo (isib. ngaphezu kwama-2 kg). | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni. Tshela udokotela wakho. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu esifubeni noma ubunzima bokuphefumula. | Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha. |
Eminye imibuzo ongase ube nayo engqondweni
Ingabe kuzodingeka ngithathe imithi yokunciphisa igazi impilo yami yonke?
Lokhu kuncike ekutheni uluhlobo luni lwevalvu onayo.
- Uma une -valve yomshini , yebo. Kuzodingeka uphuze umuthi wokunciphisa igazi impilo yakho yonke. Uvimbela ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi ku-valve.
- Ulungisiwe ivalvu , akunjalo? Kufakwe ivalvu yemvelo .Uma kunjalo, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe lo muthi amasonto ambalwa kuphela ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Ungase ungawudingi nhlobo. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ngqo ukuthi wenzeni.
Ngingaphila impilo evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Yebo, abantu abaningi bangakwenza. Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukuvivinya umzimba, njll. Kodwa khumbula, akubona bonke abantu abafanayo. Ukululama kwakho kungase kuhluke kokwabanye. Ngakho-ke zinike ukuphumula futhi ulalele umzimba wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-valve yenhliziyo akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Manje sekuyindlela yokuhlinzwa ephumelela kakhulu, esindisa impilo, futhi esezingeni eliphezulu.
- I-valve enesifo ngeke iphole yodwa. Isimo sizoba sibi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
- Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olwenzayo (ukulungiswa, ukwakhiwa kabusha, ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile, noma okungangenisi kakhulu) kuzoncika esimweni sakho sempilo.
- Yiba nesineke ngesikhathi sokululama kwakho. Nika umzimba wakho isikhathi osidingayo ukuze ululame.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukungabaza ongase ube nakho. Bakhona ukukusiza.
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