Inhliziyo yakho ifana nomshini omangalisayo osebenza ngokungayeki. Umsebenzi oyinhloko walo mshini ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Cabanga nje, ukuze lo msebenzi wenziwe kahle, igazi kumele lihlale ligeleza ngendlela efanayo, ncamashi. Alikwazi ukugeleza libuyele emuva. Ukuze wenze lowo msebenzi kahle, kunesimiso esihle kakhulu samasango ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo. Kwezokwelapha, la masango siwabiza ngokuthi ama-valve enhliziyo . Namuhla sikhuluma ngala ma-valve amancane, kodwa abalulekile empilweni yakho.
Ama-valve asenhliziyweni asebenza kanjani? Yeka indlela emangalisayo!
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke kalula i-Aufbau, noma isakhiwo, senhliziyo. Inhliziyo yakho ifana nendlu enamakamelo amane. Kunamakamelo amabili phezulu namakamelo amabili phansi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-Atria nama-Ventricles.
- Igumbi eliphezulu ngakwesokudla: I-Atrium Yesokudla
- Igumbi elingezansi ngakwesokudla: I-Ventricle Yesokudla
- Igumbi eliphezulu ngakwesobunxele: I-Atrium Yesobunxele
- Igumbi elingezansi ohlangothini lwesobunxele: I-Ventricle Yesobunxele
Manje, phakathi kwala makamelo, naphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emikhulu ethwala igazi emakamelweni, kukhona ama-valve, noma amasango amane. Lawa enziwe ngezicubu ezincane kodwa eziqinile kakhulu. Siphinde siwabize lawa mapheshana noma ama-cusps.
Cabanga ngendlela ithonsi legazi elihamba ngayo emzimbeni wakho.
1. Okokuqala, igazi elisetshenziswe emzimbeni futhi eliphelelwe umoya-mpilo (asilibize ngokuthi igazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuze kube lula ukuliqonda), livela kuwo wonke umzimba futhi liqoqana ekamelweni eliphezulu ngakwesokudla, okungukuthi, i-atrium efanele .
2. Bese kuthi ivalvu yokuqala, ivalvu ye-tricuspid, ivuleke. Bese kuthi igazi elisegumbini eliphezulu ligeleze liye ekamelweni elingezansi, i-ventricle yesokudla . Ngemva kokungena kwegazi, leli valve liyavaleka kakhulu, lingavumeli igazi ukuthi liphinde ligeleze phezulu.
3. Manje i-ventricle yesokudla iyafinyela ngamandla, okusho ukuthi iyaphampa, bese isunduza leli gazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo liphume nge-valve yesibili. Lelo yi -valve yamaphaphu . Leli gazi liya ngqo emaphashini. Kungani? Ukuze uthole umoya-mpilo.
4. Emaphashini, leli gazi ligcwele umoya-mpilo kahle . Manje leli gazi seliyigazi elibomvu elisha, eligcwele umoya-mpilo. Leli gazi libuyela enhliziyweni. Kodwa kulokhu lifika ohlangothini lwesobunxele.
5. Leli gazi elinomoya-mpilo liqoqana ekamelweni eliphezulu ohlangothini lwesobunxele, okungukuthi, i-atrium yesobunxele .
6. Okulandelayo, ivalvu yesithathu, ivalvu ye-mitral, iyavuleka. Bese kuthi, igazi elinomoya-mpilo elivela ekamelweni eliphezulu ligeleze liye ekamelweni elingezansi, i-ventricle yesobunxele . Leli yigumbi eliqine kakhulu enhliziyweni.
7. Ekugcineni, i-ventricle yesobunxele iphampa ngamandla amakhulu. Bese i-valve yesine nebaluleke kakhulu, i-aortic valve, iyavuleka.Uma selivuliwe, leli gazi elinomoya-mpilo liphonswa e-aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni. Ukusuka lapho, igazi lisakazeka emzimbeni wakho wonke, kusukela ekhanda lakho kuya ezinzwaneni zakho.
Umsindo othi "lub-dub" owuzwayo enhliziyweni yakho empeleni umsindo walezi valve ezine ezivuleka futhi zivala ngokulandelana. Akumangalisi yini?
Ama-valve amane enhliziyweni nalokho akwenzayo
Manje ake sibheke la ma-valve amane ngemininingwane ethe xaxa. Ngayinye yawo inendawo ekhethekile, isimo, kanye nomsebenzi.
| Igama levalvu | Indawo kanye nesenzo |
|---|---|
| Ivalvu yeTricuspid | Inama-valve amathathu. Itholakala phakathi kwe-atrium yangakwesokudla (igumbi eliphezulu) kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesokudla (igumbi elingezansi). Umsebenzi wayo ukuvumela igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emzimbeni ukuthi ligeleze lisuka phezulu liye phansi futhi livimbele ukuthi ligeleze libuyele phezulu. |
| Ivalvu Yamaphaphu | Futhi inama-valve amathathu. Itholakala phakathi kwe-ventricle yangakwesokudla (igumbi elingezansi) kanye nomthambo wamaphaphu othwala igazi emaphashini. Umsebenzi wawo ukuvumela igazi ukuthi lipompelwe lisuka kwi-ventricle yangakwesokudla liye emaphashini kanye nokuvimbela igazi ukuthi libuyele enhliziyweni. |
| I-Mitral Valve | Inama-valve amabili. Itholakala phakathi kwe-atrium yesobunxele (igumbi eliphezulu) kanye ne-ventricle yesobunxele (igumbi elingezansi). Umsebenzi wayo ukupompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo ocebile emaphashini kusukela phezulu kuya phansi, nokulivimba ukuthi lingaphindeli phezulu. |
| I-Aortic Valve | Inama-valve amathathu. Lena yindlela eyinhloko yokuphuma kwenhliziyo. Itholakala phakathi kwe-ventricle yesobunxele (igumbi elingezansi) kanye ne-aorta, umthambo omkhulu othwala igazi uye emzimbeni wonke. Umsebenzi wawo obaluleke kakhulu ukuvumela igazi ukuthi lipompelwe lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke kanye nokuvimba ngokuphelele lelo gazi ukuthi lingaphindeli enhliziyweni. |
Yiziphi izifo ezingathinta ama-valve enhliziyo?
Ngezinye izikhathi la ma-valve awasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima kunokujwayelekile ukuze ipompe igazi elidingwa ngumzimba. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inhliziyo ingacindezeleka.
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani kuvela izinkinga ze-valve:
- Ukuguga: Njengoba siguga, la ma-valve, njengezinye izingxenye zomzimba, angashintsha.
- Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso: Abanye abantu bazalwa benezinkinga ezithile ze-valve (isibonelo, ukwehla/ukwanda kwenani lama-valve, ushintsho esimweni sabo). Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi (isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso) .
- Ukutheleleka: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane zingalimaza ngqo ama-valve enhliziyo.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, nezinye izifo zenhliziyo nazo zingalimaza ama-valve.
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zezinkinga zamavalvu ezingathinta noma yiliphi ivalvu.
| Uhlobo lwenkinga | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuza (Ukubuyisela emuva) | Lokhu kufana nomnyango ongavaleki kahle. Ivalvu ayivaleki kahle, ngakho-ke igazi elithile liyavuza emuva. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "ivalvu yenhliziyo evuzayo." I-Mitral valve prolapse iyisimo esikhethekile salesi simo. |
| I-Stenosis | Lokhu kufana nomnyango ongakwazi ukuvuleka ngokuphelele ngoba amahinji agqwalile. Ama-valve flaps aba makhulu, aqine, noma anamathele ndawonye, ngakho-ke i-valve ayivuli ngokuphelele. Bese kuba yindawo lapho igazi ligeleza khona kuwo. Inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukuze ikhiphe igazi. |
| I-Atresia | Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esizalwa naso. Siqanjwe ngokuthi i-valve ayakheki lapho kuzalwa, njengodonga lapho kufanele kube nomnyango khona. |
Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga nge-valve? Ziyini izimpawu?
Okumangazayo ukuthi abanye abantu bangase babe nenkinga ngesinye sezivalo zenhliziyo zabo kodwa bangakhombisi zimpawu . Ngenxa yokuthi isifo sezivalo siyaqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela kuphela njengoba zikhula.
Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho uba ngowokuqala ukuthola inkinga ye-valve. Isibonakaliso sokuqala umsindo ongavamile awuzwayo lapho ebeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho, obizwa ngokuthi i-heart murmur . Kodwa-ke, ukuzwa i-heart murmur akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi kunenkinga. Ngezinye izikhathi, kuba "ne-heart murmur engenacala" engenangozi.
Kodwa-ke, uma kukhona izimpawu ezilandelayo, kungaba yinkinga ye-valve:
- Ubuhlungu besifuba: Ubuhlungu obuzwakala njengokuqina noma ukucinana esifubeni.
- Ukuzungeza nokuquleka: Umuzwa osheshayo wokuzungeza noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi.
- Ukukhathala: Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu, ungenampilo, ngisho noma ungenzi msebenzi.
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo: Ukuzwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha futhi isifuba sakho siyagubha.
- Ukuphefumula kanzima: Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ikakhulukazi lapho uzivocavoca, uhamba ibanga elifushane, ukhuphuka izitebhisi, noma ulele embhedeni.
- Ukuvuvukala: Ukuvuvukala emaqakaleni, ezinyaweni, emilenzeni, noma ngezinye izikhathi esiswini.
Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, sicela ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kungabangelwa izinto ezilula, kodwa kungcono ukuya kohlolwa.
Ungayigcina kanjani inhliziyo iphilile ngesifo se-valve?
Uma udokotela wakho eqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo se-valve yenhliziyo, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukuze uphile naso futhi ugcine inhliziyo yakho iphilile.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele. Ukubhema kungenye yezitha ezinkulu zenhliziyo.
- Hlola umfutho wegazi lakho kanye namazinga e-cholesterol njalo bese uwagcina elawulwa. Thatha imithi udokotela wakho ayinikezayo ngqo.
- Yamukela ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo . Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, usawoti kanye noshukela. Faka imifino eminingi, izithelo, imifino kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane ekudleni kwakho.
- Vivinya umzimba njalo.Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezifanele wena.
- Bona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze akuhlole. Angaqapha isimo senhliziyo yakho futhi akunike iseluleko esidingekayo.
- Ngaphambi kokwelashwa kwamazinyo noma okunye ukuhlinzwa, udokotela wakho angase akucebise ukuthi uthathe ama-antibiotic . Isizathu salokhu ukuthi amabhaktheriya angena emzimbeni ngalezi zikhathi angalimaza ama-valve abuthakathaka.
- Ungalokothi ukhohlwe ukutshela bonke odokotela abakwelaphayo, kuhlanganise nodokotela wamazinyo, ukuthi unenkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo.
Noma nini lapho ufuna ukubona udokotela
Uma unenkinga ye-valve yenhliziyo, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngokutheleleka kwenhliziyo (i-endocarditis) . Ngakho-ke, uma unezimpawu zokutheleleka okufana nomkhuhlane, izinhlungu zomzimba, nomphimbo obuhlungu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. Ungacabangi nje ukuthi umkhuhlane ovamile.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-valve amane enhliziyweni yakho afana namasango amancane avumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela.
- Izinkinga eziyinhloko ngala ma-valve ukubuyiselwa kwe-gurgitation kanye ne-stenosis.
- Umsindo wenhliziyo ongajwayelekile (ukububula kwenhliziyo) ozwakala udokotela uvame ukuba uphawu lokuqala lwesifo se-valve.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma unezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhathala okukhulu, noma ukuvuvukala kwemilenze.
- Ngisho noma unesifo se-valve, ungaphila impilo enempilo ngendlela yokuphila enempilo kanye nokwelashwa okufanele. Kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze ahlolwe.
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