Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kuyinto abesifazane abaningi ababhekana nayo lapho beneminyaka engu-45-50 ubudala. Ngokungazelelwe, uqala ukujuluka, awukwazi ukulala ebusuku, uthukuthele ngezinto ezincane, uzizwa sengathi awuphilile... Ingabe lezi zinto uzijwayele? Nakuba abantu abaningi behlushwa yilokhu, becabanga ukuthi kuyingxenye yokuphila nje, kunezindlela ezinhle zokwelapha lezi zimpawu ezicasulayo. Namuhla sikhuluma ngenye yezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko, ukwelashwa ngama-hormone.
Kuyini ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone (HRT)?
Kalula nje, uma ufika esikhathini sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ama-ovari akho ayayeka ukukhiqiza i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-estrogen. Lapho le hormone, elawula izinto eziningi emzimbeni wakho, incipha, kuvela lezo zimpawu ezicasulayo okukhulunywe ngazo ngenhla. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone (HRT) kusebenza ngokunikeza umzimba wakho ama-hormone owalahlekile. Uma la mazinga ama-hormone ebuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, eziningi zalezo zimpawu ziyanyamalala.
Odokotela ngezinye izikhathi bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi i-Hormone Therapy (HT). Akukho mehluko omkhulu, kodwa ngokuvamile uma lokhu kwelashwa kuthathwa esemncane, mhlawumbe ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-40, igama elithi HRT lisetshenziswa kaningi. Ngoba okwenzekayo lapho ukuthi umzimba 'uthatha indawo' yama-hormone okufanele uwakhiqize ngokwemvelo.
Ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe noma cha kuyisinqumo okufanele senziwe ngokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Njengoba kunezinzuzo zako, kungaba nezingozi ezithile. Ngakho-ke, ake sihlolisise lokhu.
Ingabe nawe unalezi zimpawu ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini?
Izimpawu eziyinhloko ezingasuswa ngokwelashwa ngama-hormone yilezi:
- Ukushisa: Ukuzwa ukushisa nokujuluka okungazelelwe.
- Ukujuluka ebusuku: Ukuvuka ebusuku ujuluka.
- Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane: Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kwenza ucansi lube buhlungu.
- Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa: Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa njalo njengenjabulo, usizi, kanye nentukuthelo.
- Ukungalali: Izinkinga zokulala ebusuku.
- Umchamo ovuzayo: Inani elincane lomchamo liyaphuma uma ukhwehlela noma uhleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kwelashwa kusiza nasekuvimbeleni i-osteoporosis , isifo sokuncipha kwamathambo esivame ukubangelwa ukwehla kwe-hormone i-estrogen.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zokwelapha ngama-hormone?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha ngama-hormone. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi okungcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho, umlando wezempilo, kanye nezintandokazi zakho.
| Uhlobo lokwelashwa | Incazelo nokuthi ubani ofanele? |
|---|---|
| Ukwelashwa kwe-estrogen kuphela | Lokhu kunikeza i-hormone i-estrogen kuphela. Ngokuvamile inikezwa abesifazane abakhishwe isibeletho ngokuhlinzwa (i-hysterectomy). Ngenxa yokuthi abanaso isibeletho, abanayo ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho ongenzeka nge-estrogen yodwa. |
| Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe nge-estrogen ne-progestin | Kulokhu, kanye ne-hormone ye-estrogen, i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-progestin, esebenza njenge-progesterone, nayo inikezwa. Lokhu kunikezwa abesifazane abasenesibeletho ukuvimbela izindonga zesibeletho ukuthi zingaqini ngokungadingekile futhi kwandise ingozi yomdlavuza uma kuthathwa i-estrogen yodwa. I-Progestin iyanciphisa leyo ngozi. |
Uthola kanjani lokhu kwelashwa?
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuletha la ma-hormone emzimbeni.
- Amaphilisi agwinyiwe
- I-patch yesikhumba
- Ijeli ifakwa esikhumbeni
- Indandatho egqokwe esithweni sangasese sowesifazane
- Ukhilimu wesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ithebhulethi elincibilikayo
- Futha isikhumba sezandla
Lokhu kungahlukaniswa futhi kube izingxenye ezimbili kuye ngokuthi kulethwa kanjani:
1. Ukwelashwa okuhlelekile: Kulezi zindlela (amaphilisi, ama-patches, ama-gel, ama-spray), ama-hormone amuncwa egazini futhi ahamba emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu kusebenza kahle ezimpawini eziningi ezivamile, njengokushisa okukhulu kanye nokujuluka ebusuku.
2. Ukwelashwa kwendawo: Kulezi zindlela (okhilimu besitho sangasese sowesifazane, izindandatho, amaphilisi), ama-hormone asetshenziswa kuphela endaweni ethintekile. Lawa afaneleka kakhulu ezinkingeni ezifana nokoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Lapha, umthamo wama-hormone angena emzimbeni uphansi kakhulu.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zokwelashwa?
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, i-HRT inezinzuzo nezingozi. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho futhi uqonde ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula yini izingozi, ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.
| ✅ Izinzuzo | ⚠️ Izingozi |
|---|---|
| Ukuqeda izimpawu ezifana nokushisa okukhulu kanye nokujuluka ebusuku. | Uma abantu abanesibeletho bethatha i-estrogen yodwa ngaphandle kwe-progestin, basengozini yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho . |
| Ukoma kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nobulili obubuhlungu. | Ukuqala iminyaka eyi-10 ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kungandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo . |
| Ukuqinisa amathambo nokunciphisa ingozi ye-osteoporosis . | Ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi kanye nesifo sohlangothi yanda kancane. |
| Ukuthuthukisa isimo sengqondo kanye nokulala. | Ingozi yesifo senyongo . |
| Ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu kanye nesifo sikashukela kwabanye abantu. | Abanye abantu bangase babe nengozi eyengeziwe kancane yomdlavuza webele uma bephuza isikhathi eside (ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5). |
Okubalulekile: Lezi zingozi zincike ezintweni eziningi, njengomlando womndeni wakho wezifo kanye nendlela yakho yokuphila. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba wethuke.
Unganciphisa kanjani ingozi?
Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi kunezindlela zokunciphisa lezi zingozi.
- Ukuqala ukwelashwa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-60 noma kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-10 yokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini.
- Uma une-uterus, kufanele nakanjani uthathe ukwelashwa okuqukethe i-progestin .
- Ungaqala ngomthamo osebenza kahle kakhulu .
- Ukuphila ngendlela enempilo (ukuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla okunempilo).
- Thola ukuhlolwa kwabesifazane kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-mammogram ngesikhathi .
Ubani okungafanele athathe ukwelashwa ngama-hormone?
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone kungase kungafaneleki kubantu abanezinkinga ezithile zempilo. Isibonelo:
- Labo abake baba nomdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, noma wesibeletho noma okwamanje.
- Kulabo abanokuvuza kwegazi okungajwayelekile kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo.
- Kulabo abanezinkinga zokujiya kwegazi noma abasengozini enkulu.
- Kulabo abake baba nesifo sohlangothi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo noma abasengozini enkulu yaso.
- Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
- Kulabo abanesifo sesibindi noma senyongo.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi? Yini okufanele uyenze ngayo?
Eminye imiphumela emibi ingase ivele ekuqaleni kokwelashwa, kodwa eminingi yayo iyaphela zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbalwa.
- Ukopha okungavamile kokukhanya.
- Ubuhlungu noma ukuqaqamba kwebele.
- Ushintsho esimweni sengqondo.
- Izinto ezifana nokuqunjelwa, ikhanda elibuhlungu.
Uma lokhu kukukhathaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Angase akwazi ukushintsha umthamo noma uhlobo lomuthi owuthathayo. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho noma ushintshe umthamo ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho kuqala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kungaba isikhathi esinzima, kodwa akudingeki uhlupheke ngezimpawu. Zingalawulwa.
- Ukwelashwa kokushintsha ama-hormone (HRT) kuyisisombululo esisebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa asifanele wonke umuntu.
- Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi nodokotela wakho bese wenza isinqumo esiqondene nawe ngqo.
- Lokhu kwelashwa kuvame ukuthatha iminyaka engaba mi-5, kodwa leso sikhathi singahluka kuye ngezidingo zakho.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuhlolwa njalo kwezokwelapha ngenkathi usebenzisa i-HRT.
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