Wake wazibuza ukuthi zingaki amagciwane abangela izifo asizungezile, kodwa kungani singaguli njalo? Kunamagciwane amaningi kangaka uma sihamba emgwaqweni, lapho sigibela ibhasi, ezindaweni lapho abantu bebuthana khona? Kodwa sihlala siphilile. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Njengebutho elivikela izwe, sinesimiso esinamandla kakhulu esivikela imizimba yethu. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngalolo hlelo lokuzivikela, oluyisimiso sokuzivikela .
Kalula nje, iyini le ndlela yokuzivikela yomzimba?
Cabanga nje ukuthi umzimba wakho uyinqaba enkulu. Kunezitha eziningi ezizama ukungena ngokunyenya kule nqaba. Lezi zitha ngamagciwane, okungukuthi , amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, isikhunta, njll. Uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba yibutho elivikela le nqaba yakho. Leli butho linamayunithi ahlukene. Okusho ukuthi, lolu hlelo lwakhiwe ngezinto eziningi njengezitho zomzimba, amaseli amhlophe egazi, amaprotheni, namakhemikhali.
Konke lokhu kuhlangene kukuvikela emagciwaneni nakubahlaseli bakwamanye amazwe. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa uma umzimba wakho uthola ukutheleleka noma ukulimala, futhi yisimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esisisiza ukuba siphilise.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yomqaphi wethu?
Amasosha ethu omzimba awagcini nje ngokuhlala lapho. Asebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, izinsuku eziyi-7 ngesonto. Ake sibheke ezinye zezinto eziyinhloko azenzayo.
- Ukuvimba abahlaseli ukuba bangene emzimbeni: Njengodonga lwenqaba, isikhumba sethu kanye nolwelwesi olusemakhaleni ethu kuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni evela ngaphandle.
- Ukubhubhisa abahlaseli abangene emzimbeni: Uma igciwane ngandlela thile lingena emzimbeni, ibutho lethu liyahamba liyolithola bese lilibhubhisa.
- Ukunciphisa umonakalo ovela kubahlaseli: Uma amagciwane engena emzimbeni futhi ezama ukubangela umonakalo, lolu hlelo lusebenza ukunciphisa lowo monakalo ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Ukulimala komzimba okuphulukisayo: Uma kwenzeka ukulimala, kuyaphola ngosizo lwalesi simiso.
- Ukuzivumelanisa nezinsongo ezintsha: Lolu hlelo lukhumbula isitha (igciwane) esike saba khona ngaphambili. Ngesikhathi esizayo lapho leso sitha sifika, lolu hlelo lusuke selulungele ukusibona futhi lusibhubhise ngokushesha.
Kalula nje, isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela siyisimiso esimangalisayo esihlala siqaphile, sifunda, silwa futhi siphiliswa.
Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni?
Sithe lokhu kufana nebutho elikhulu. Leli butho linamaqembu ahlukene amabutho nezikhali. Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko. Ukuze kube lula ukukuqonda, ake sikubheke ngale ndlela.
| Ingxenye | Umsebenzi (olula) |
|---|---|
| Amaseli egazi amhlophe | Lawa ngamasosha asebuthweni lethu. Yiwo athola amagciwane, awahlasele, futhi awabhubhise. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli amhlophe egazi, futhi wonke anomsebenzi othize. |
| Ama-antibodies | Lokhu kufana nemicibisholo ehlasela amagciwane kuphela. Ayahamba ayonamathela kumagciwane bese etshela amanye amangqamuzana ukuthi awabhubhise. |
| Ama-Cytokine | Laba yizithunywa zebutho. Lawa maphrotheni athumela imiyalezo kwamanye amaseli mayelana nokuthi impi ikuphi nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe. |
| Ama-lymph node | Lokhu kufana nezihlungi zetiye. Kufana nezindawo zokuhlola ezihlunga imfucuza kanye nobuthi obuvela kuketshezi lwe-lymph emzimbeni. Ama-node entanyeni, emakhwapheni, nasezinsinini ayavuvukala uma elwa nokutheleleka. |
| Ubende | Yilapho kugcinwa khona amangqamuzana egazi amhlophe. Iphinde ihlunge igazi, isuse amangqamuzana egazi amadala nawonakele futhi isize ekwenzeni amasha. |
| Umkantsha | Lena yindawo yethu yokukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi. Wonke amangqamuzana egazi, okuhlanganisa namangqamuzana amhlophe egazi adingekayo ohlelweni lokuzivikela komzimba, akhiqizwa lapha. |
| Isikhumba kanye ne-Mucosa | Lezi ziyindlela yethu yokuqala yokuzivikela. Zisebenza njengesivikelo esingokoqobo esivimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni emzimbeni. |
Izinhlobo ezimbili zokuzivikela komzimba: ukuzivikela komzimba okungokwemvelo nokutholwayo
Kunezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko ohlelweni lwethu lokuphepha.
1. Ukungavikeleki kwemvelo
Lesi yisivikelo esizalwa naso . Lesi uhlelo lokuzivikela olujwayelekile. Lapho nje lubona noma yini engeyona eyomzimba, lolu hlelo luyasebenza futhi luhlasele. Lokhu akudingi ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile. Kodwa lolu hlelo alunankumbulo. Okusho ukuthi, uma igciwane elifanayo libuya futhi, lolu hlelo alukwazi ukulibona.
2. Ukungavikeleki komzimba okutholiwe
Lena yingxenye yamasosha akhethekile empi yethu. Lokhu yisivikelo esisitholayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi . Lokhu kuzivikela komzimba kuyathuthuka lapho sibhekene nezifo, lapho sithola imijovo. Amaseli amhlophe egazi akhethekile (ama-lymphocyte) kulesi simiso angakhumbula amagciwane afika.
Ake sithi une-chickenpox. Lokhu 'kuzivikela okutholakale' emzimbeni wakho kuyayibona igciwane le-chickenpox, kuyalwa nalo, futhi kuyalikhumbula lelo gciwane. Uma igciwane le-chickenpox libuya emzimbeni wakho ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yakho, ngoba linenkumbulo, lolu hlelo luzosebenza ngokushesha futhi lubhubhise igciwane. Yingakho singatholi izifo eziningi kabili. Imijovo yenza into efanayo. Yethula igciwane elibangela lesi sifo ohlelweni lwethu lokuzivikela futhi iliqeqeshe ukulwa nalo, ngaphandle kokubangela lesi sifo.
Kuthiwani uma amasosha omzimba engasebenzi kahle?
Ngezinye izikhathi uhlelo lwethu lokuzivikela lungase lungasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Isimiso somzimba esibuthakathaka
Lokhu kwenza amasosha omzimba ethu abe buthaka. Angabe esakwazi ukulwa nabahlaseli bangaphandle. Lokhu kungaholela ezifweni ezivamile kanye nokululama okulibazisekile ezifweni. Ezinye izimo zokuzalwa nazo, isifo sikashukela (ikakhulukazi uma singalawulwa kahle), umdlavuza, kanye nezifo ezifana ne-HIV kungenza amasosha omzimba abe buthaka.
2. Amasosha omzimba asebenza ngokweqile
Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi ibutho lethu lisebenza ngentshiseko enkulu. Ngezinye izikhathi lihlasela ngaphandle kwesitha. Noma, ibutho lethu liyadideka bese liqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana aphilile omzimba walo .
- Ukungezwani komzimba: Ukusabela ngokweqile kwesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba ezintweni ezivame ukuba yingozi emzimbeni, njengothuli, impova, nokudla okuthile.
- Izifo ezizenzakalelayo:Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi amangqamuzana ethu okuzivikela, amangqamuzana aphilile emizimba yethu, athathwa njengezitha futhi ahlaselwa. Isibonelo, izifo ezifana ne-lupus kanye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zingakhulunywa ngazo.
Izimpawu ezibonisa inkinga ngohlelo lokuzivikela komzimba
Uma uqhubeka nokuzwa uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi ezilandelayo, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga ngesimiso sakho somzimba sokuzivikela. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko .
- Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo.
- Umkhuhlane oza ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukujuluka ngokweqile ebusuku.
- Ukulunywa kwesikhumba njalo kanye nokuqubuka .
- Ubuhlungu emisipheni nasemalungeni.
- Ukuba ndikindiki ezithweni.
- Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo.
- Ukulahlekelwa izinwele.
- Ukuvuvukala kwentamo, amakhwapha kanye nemisipha.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine amasosha ethu omzimba eqinile?
Akukho philisi elimangalisayo "elizoqinisa amasosha omzimba wakho." Kodwa ngokwenza izinguquko ezilula endleleni yethu yokuphila, singagcina amasosha omzimba ethu esebenza kahle.
- Yidla ukudla okulinganiselayo: Faka izithelo, imifino, amaprotheni angenamafutha (inhlanzi, inkukhu, amaqanda, amantongomane), kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele (irayisi elinsundu, i-oatmeal) ekudleni kwakho. Lokhu kuhlinzeka ngamavithamini namaminerali abalulekile ukuze kube nesimiso somzimba esiqinile sokuzivikela.
- Ukuzivocavoca nsuku zonke: Zivocavoce okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, njengokuhamba, ukugijima, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili. Ukuzivocavoca kuthuthukisa ukujikeleza kwegazi, okusiza amangqamuzana omzimba ukuba ahambe kalula kuwo wonke umzimba.
- Gcina isisindo somzimba esinempilo: Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kunganciphisa amasosha omzimba. Zama ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngobude bakho.
- Lala ngokwanele: Ukulala kahle amahora angu-7-8 ngosuku kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba. Yilapho silala lapho umzimba uzilungisa khona futhi isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba siyaqina.
- Thola imijovo yakho ngesikhathi: Ukugoma kuyindlela yokuqeqesha amasosha omzimba ethu. Ngakho-ke, ukuthola imijovo efanele ngesikhathi kungakuvikela ezifweni eziningi eziyingozi.
- Gwema ukubhema notshwala: Ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala ngokweqile kulimaza ngqo amasosha omzimba.
- Nciphisa ukucindezeleka: Ukucindezeleka ngokweqile kungashintsha ukusebenza kwamahomoni omzimba futhi kwenze buthaka isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. Ungalawula ukucindezeleka ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokuzindla, i-yoga, kanye nokuzibandakanya ezintweni zokuzilibazisa.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma ugula njalo, noma uma uzizwa sengathi amasosha akho omzimba abuthaka, kufanele nakanjani ubone udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko. Kungaba ngenxa yesimo esingaphansi esidinga ukwelashwa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Amasosha omzimba afana nebutho lethu elivikela imizimba yethu emagciwaneni nasezifweni.
- Lolu hlelo lusebenza ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye eziningi, njengezingqamuzana zegazi ezimhlophe, ama-antibodies, kanye nobomvu.
- Sine-immune system yangaphakathi kanye ne-immune system esiyithola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokugoma kanye nokuchayeka ezifweni.
- Ngezinye izikhathi lolu hlelo lungaba buthaka noma lusebenze ngokweqile, okubangela ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezifo zokuzivikela komzimba.
- Ukudla okuhle, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukulala ngokwanele, kanye nokulawula ukucindezeleka kungagcina amasosha ethu omzimba eqinile.
- Uma unenkinga mayelana nokuzivikela komzimba wakho, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho.
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