Ingabe ingane yakho izizwa ikhathele kancane? Ingabe ibonakala inenkinga yokukhuphuka izitebhisi, ukugijima, noma ukudlala? Ingabe inezibazi zesikhumba ezibomvu-onsomi ezizungeze amehlo nezihlathi zayo? Ngezinye izikhathi sicabanga ngalokhu njengokungezwani komzimba okulula, kodwa lokhu kungaba yinto engathi sína kakhulu. Namuhla sikhuluma nge-Juvenile Dermatomyositis, noma i-JDM ngamafuphi, isimo esingavamile esithinta izingane futhi esiveza izimpawu ezifanayo. Ungesabi igama elide, ake sichaze konke ngamagama alula.
Kuyini i-Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM)?
Kalula nje, i-JDM yisimo lapho uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba , luqala ukuhlasela izingxenye zomzimba ezinempilo. Ngokukhethekile, luthinta kakhulu isikhumba sethu, imithambo yegazi emincane, kanye nemisipha . Kwezokwelapha, izifo lapho uhlelo lwethu lusebenza khona ngokumelene nathi zibizwa ngokuthi 'izifo ezizivikela ngokuzenzakalelayo' . Cabanga ukuthi ibutho elivikela izwe lethu lihlasela abantu bakithi.
Lesi simo sibangela ukuba imisipha yengane ibe buthaka. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ngaye ukuma, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, ukugijima, ukudlala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokwenza izinto ezilula njengokuhlanganisa izinwele zakhe. Njengomzali, kuyaqondakala ukuzizwa udangele futhi wesaba uma uzwa nganoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha esivimbela ingane yakho ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Kodwa ingxenye engcono kakhulu ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-JDM kungalawula ngempumelelo izimpawu futhi kwenze impilo yengane yakho ibe ngcono kakhulu.
Ubani okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi athole lesi simo?
I-JDM yisifo esingavamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile iqala ezinganeni eziphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neyi-10. Iphinde ivame kabili emantombazaneni kunabafana. Nakuba ingathinta noma yimuphi umntwana, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ivame kakhulu ezinganeni ezimhlophe.
Abantu abadala nabo bangaba nalezi zimpawu. Kodwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka eminyakeni yawo-1940 noma 1950. Uma lesi sifo siqala kubantu abadala, sisibiza ngokuthi i-Dermatyositis . I-JDM kanye ne-Dermatyositis zombili ziseqenjini elifanayo, okungukuthi, ziyizifo ezimbili eziyingxenye yeqembu lezifo zokuvuvukala kwemisipha ezibizwa ngokuthi i-Myositis .
Yiziphi izici zokuqala ze-JDM?
Ngaphambi kokuba lesi sifo sitholakale, ungase uqaphele izinguquko ezithile enganeni yakho. Lezi kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zesifo. Uma uzinaka lezi, ungabonana nodokotela ngokushesha.
| Isici sokuqala | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo | Ingane izizwa ikhathele njalo futhi ilahlekelwa isithakazelo sokugijima nokudlala njengakuqala. |
| Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu | Ungase uzizwe ushisa noma ufudumele ngaphandle kwesinye isizathu. |
| Ukuvuvukala noma ukuqina kwamalunga | Uma uvuka ekuseni, amalunga akho azizwa eqine, futhi mhlawumbe evuvukele kancane. |
| Isifiso sokudla | Isifiso sokudla siyancipha, futhi ungase ungasaceli ukudla kakhulu njengakuqala. |
| Ubuhlungu bemisipha | Ingane ingase ithi imisipha yayo iyabuhlungu ngesikhathi semisebenzi evamile noma ukudlala. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu | Uma isisindo sengane sehla ngaphandle kokulawula ukudla kwayo, kufanele ukhathazeke. |
| Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba | Kungase kuvele ukuqubuka ebusweni nasezizandleni. Izinguquko zesikhumba zingase zande uma zichayeka elangeni. |
Ake sixoxe ngokujulile ngezimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi sifo.
Uma i-JDM isiqinisekisiwe, kuba nezimpawu ezimbili eziyinhloko eziqhubekayo: izinguquko zesikhumba kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha.
1. Ukuqhuma Kwesikhumba
Izingane ezine-JDM zingase zibe nokuqhuma kwesikhumba okuqondile kakhulu.
- Izinguquko zobuso: Lokhu kuqala ngezihlathi nezinkophe ziphenduka zibe bomvu noma zibe nsomi . Ngezinye izikhathi izinkophe zibukeka zivuvukele, ngakho odokotela bangase baqale bacabange ukuthi kuyisifo sokungezwani komzimba.
- Izinzipho zeminwe, amadolo, nezindololwane: Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungase kuvele amabala abomvu noma amaqhubu ezinzipho zeminwe, amadolo, nezindololwane zengane yakho. Uma uqala ukubona, lokhu kungase kubukeke njenge-eczema noma i-psoriasis.
- Ukuzwela elangeni: Lolu uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu. Uma ingane ene-JDM ivezwa elangeni, lokhu kuqubuka kwesikhumba kuba kubi kakhulu .
2. Ubuthakathaka Bemisipha
Lesi esinye isibonakaliso esiyinhloko nesiphazamisayo kakhulu se-JDM. Lobu buthakathaka buzwakala kakhulu emisipheni eduze nesikhungo somzimba. Okungukuthi:
- Amahlombe
- Intamo
- Indawo yenqulu
- Imisipha yesisu
- Izingalo nemilenze engenhla
Uma le misipha ibuthakathaka, kungaba nzima kakhulu ngengane ukwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Isibonelo, ukuvuka esihlalweni, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi, ukuphuma esihlalweni, ukugijima, nokukama izinwele zayo kungaba nzima.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-JDM ingathinta nokuphefumula kwengane kanye nemisipha yokugwinya . Lokhu kungabangela ukuminyana, ukuhosha, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?
I-JDM yisimo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Uma singelashwa, kungaba nezinkinga ezinkulu.
- Ukuqongelela kwe-calcium: Amaqhubu aqinile, afana noshoki angakheka ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kungavimbela ukunyakaza kwemisipha futhi kubangele ubuhlungu.
- Ukufinyela kwemisipha: Imisipha iyafinyela bese iqala ukufinyela lapho amalunga egobile. Lokhu kungenza kube nzima ukwelula isitho.
- Izilonda: Izilonda zingavela esikhumbeni noma endleleni yokugaya ukudla.
- Ubuthakathaka obukhulu: Ubuthakathaka obukhulu bokuphefumula nokugwinya imisipha kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Kodwa ungesabi ngemva kokufunda lokhu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma ungelashwa,Yini engenzeka? Esikhathini esidlule, lapho kungekho ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kwalesi sifo, cishe ingane eyodwa kwezintathu ezine-JDM yafa. Kodwa namuhla, ngokwelashwa okuthuthukisiwe, izingane ezingaphezu kuka-98% ziyaphila eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa. Yingakho ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela ye-JDM?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, i-JDM iyisifo esibangelwa ukuzivikela komzimba. Kodwa kungani amasosha omzimba ethu esiphendukela ngokuzumayo? Odokotela abakayitholi imbangela ethile yalokhu okwamanje .
Kodwa kunemibono eminingana ngalokhu. Inkolelo-mbono eyodwa eyinhloko ukuthi lapho into ethile, njengokutheleleka ngegciwane, ingena emzimbeni, isimiso sethu somzimba sokuzivikela siqala ukulwa naso. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangemva kokuba ukutheleleka sekuphelile, lesi simiso somzimba sokuzivikela asiyeki ukulwa. Kunalokho, kukholelwa ukuthi siyaqhubeka nokusebenza futhi siqala ukuhlasela amangqamuzana emizimba yethu. Abacwaningi bakholelwa nokuthi kungase kube nesakhi sofuzo kulokhu.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela, izoqala ngokuyihlola ngokucophelela. Ikakhulukazi, bazohlola ukuqubuka kwesikhumba kanye namandla emisipha. Bese bezokubuza ngezimpawu zakho.
Kwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa okunembile.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Akukho ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukodwa okungaxilonga i-JDM ngokushesha. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlola izinto ezifana namazinga okuvuvukala emzimbeni, amazinga ama-enzyme emisipha aqoqana egazini lapho imisipha yonakele, kanye namaprotheni athile (ama-autoantibodies) avame ukubonwa ku-JDM.
- I-Electromyography (EMG): Kulolu vivinyo, kufakwa ama-electrode amancane afana nenaliti emisipheni bese kulinganiswa umsebenzi kagesi waleyo misipha. Lokhu kungasiza ekuboneni noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka ekusebenzeni kwemisipha.
- I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): I-MRI scan ingaveza izithombe ezinemininingwane zangaphakathi lomzimba. Ingabona ngokucacile izinto ezifana nokuvuvukala okuncane kakhulu kanye nokuvuvukala emisipheni.
- Ukuhlolwa kwemisipha: Kulokhu, kwenziwa inqubo encane yokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu emisipheni ethintekile bese ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope. Lokhu kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuvukala emisipheni nokuthi ngabe kubangelwa yi-JDM noma esinye isifo, njenge -Muscular Dystrophy .
- I-capillaroscopy yezinzipho:Lokhu kuyindlela elula kakhulu yokuhlola engenabuhlungu. Idivayisi enokukhanya okukhethekile kanye nelensi yokukhulisa isetshenziswa ukuhlola imithambo yegazi emincane ngaphansi kwezinzipho zengane. Le mithambo yegazi ivame ukuvuvukala ezinganeni ezine-JDM.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-JDM?
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa kwe-JDM ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwengane. Nakuba izingane eziningi kufanele ziphile ne-JDM iminyaka eminingana, ukwelashwa kungalawula izimpawu kahle kakhulu. Ngemva kokwelashwa, izingane eziningi zihlala izinyanga noma iminyaka zingenazo izimpawu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'ukuxolelwa' .
Izindlela zokwelapha zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.
| Indlela yokwelapha | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Imithi | |
| Ama-Corticosteroids | Lezi yizinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi ezinikezwa kuqala. Zinciphisa ngokushesha ukuvuvukala emzimbeni futhi zilawula nokusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. |
| I-Hydroxychloroquine | Lomuthi uvame ukusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. |
| I-immunoglobulin efakwa emthanjeni (IVIG) | Kulokhu, ama-antibodies ahlanziwe avela kubanikeli begazi abanempilo anikezwa umzimba ngesisombululo sikasawoti. Lawa avimba ama-antibodies ayingozi futhi athulisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela. |
| I-Methotrexate | Lo muthi unikezwa cishe bonke abantwana abane-JDM. Uphinde ucindezele amasosha omzimba futhi usize ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwama-steroid. |
| Indlela Yokuphila Nokwelashwa | |
| Izinguquko ekudleni | Ukudla okulinganiselayo okunezithelo, imifino, inyama engenamafutha amaningi, amafutha anempilo, kanye nokusanhlamvu okuphelele kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala. Uma unenkinga yokugwinya, kungadingeka iseluleko esikhethekile sokudla okunempilo. |
| Ukwelashwa Komzimba | Udokotela wezokwelapha uzonikeza ingane izivivinyo eziqinisa imisipha, zivimbele ukuqina kwamalunga, futhi zivimbele ubuhlungu. |
| Ukwelashwa Kwenkulumo | Uma imisipha ehilelekile ekugwinyeni noma ekuphefumuleni ibuthakathaka, uchwepheshe wezokukhuluma angasiza ekubhekaneni nesimo kanye nezindlela zokudla eziphephile. |
| Ukuvikelwa kwelanga | Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu . Sebenzisa njalo isivikelo selanga esine-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu. Gqoka izigqoko, izibuko zelanga, nezingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ingane yakho elangeni elinamandla phakathi kuka-10 ekuseni no-4 ntambama. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) yisifo esingavamile sokuzivikela komzimba esithinta izingane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amasosha omzimba ahlasela isikhumba nemisipha.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukuqubuka okubomvu-onsomi esikhumbeni (ikakhulukazi ebusweni nasemaqakaleni) kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha. Khathazeka uma ingane yakho ibonisa izimpawu zokukhathala noma ubunzima bokukhuphuka izitebhisi.
- Lokhu akusikho okufanele ukwesabe. Ngezindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe zanamuhla, izimpawu zingalawulwa kakhulu futhi ingane ingaphila impilo evamile nesebenzayo.
- Ukuvikela ilanga kubaluleke kakhulu. Zijwayeze ukusebenzisa umuthi wokuvikela ilanga nsuku zonke futhi ugqoke isigqoko. Lokhu kubalulekile ekulawuleni lesi sifo.
- Uma usola kancane ukuthi ingane yakho inanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, xhumana nodokotela oqeqeshiwe ngokushesha . Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha kungaqinisekisa ikusasa lengane.
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